Guardianship nominations are an important element of an estate plan for parents and guardians who want to make clear who will care for minor children or dependents if something happens. This practice area covers naming preferred guardians, outlining desired responsibilities, and documenting contingencies so that a court and other decision makers understand your wishes. A well-drafted nomination can reduce family conflict, speed court proceedings, and provide a smoother transition for children. Our firm helps clients in Bayside and throughout Humboldt County plan proactively to protect the people they love and to minimize uncertainty during an already difficult time.
Creating a guardianship nomination involves careful thought about who is best suited to raise your children, manage their finances, and preserve family values. Guardianship language often integrates with wills, trusts, and related estate planning documents to create a comprehensive plan. Many families also address backup guardians, temporary care arrangements, and guidance for medical and educational decisions. Taking the time now to record these preferences can spare your family lengthy disputes and unnecessary legal steps later, while giving you confidence that your children will be cared for in accordance with your wishes.
Guardianship nominations provide a clear expression of parental intent regarding who should raise and care for minor children if parents become unable to do so. This reduces ambiguity for family members and for the court, which frequently defers to documented parental preferences. A nomination helps protect a child’s emotional and financial stability by identifying trusted caregivers and outlining practical arrangements. It also provides an opportunity to designate temporary guardians or to create trust provisions to manage assets for a child’s benefit. Overall, a thoughtful nomination is an essential layer of planning that supports continuity and minimizes future conflict.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assists families across California with estate planning matters including guardianship nominations, wills, trusts, and related documents. We focus on creating durable, practical plans tailored to each family’s circumstances and values. Our approach emphasizes clear communication, thorough documentation, and guidance through the options available under California law. Clients receive personalized attention aimed at crafting nominations that reflect their priorities for children’s care and asset management. We also coordinate ancillary documents like powers of attorney, advance health care directives, and trust arrangements to provide cohesive protection for families.
A guardianship nomination is a formal declaration within estate planning documents that identifies one or more people you prefer to serve as legal guardian for your minor children or dependents. The nomination typically names primary and alternate guardians, provides information about desired living arrangements, and may include guidance on education, religion, and other parenting preferences. A nomination does not guarantee appointment, but courts give substantial weight to a parent’s documented wishes. Including nominations alongside wills, trusts, and powers of attorney ensures family decisions are guided by your stated preferences, helping safeguard a child’s continuity of care and financial support.
Guardianship nominations work best when combined with supporting arrangements that address financial support and practical logistics. For example, a pour-over will and a trust can ensure assets are available for a guardian to use on a child’s behalf. Documents such as a certification of trust or a general assignment of assets to trust help make transitions smoother if guardians must assume financial responsibility. Properly drafted nominations also consider potential disputes, guardians’ willingness and ability to serve, and how the nominated guardian will be supported. Thorough planning reduces the need for intrusive court proceedings and helps implement parental wishes promptly.
A guardianship nomination is a statement within estate planning paperwork that indicates who a parent or legal guardian wants to care for a minor child if the parent cannot. It commonly appears in a will or as a separate designation and can include alternates and conditions. While a nomination does not remove the court’s duty to review suitability, it informs judges and family members of parental intent. The nomination should be clear, include contact and background information for nominated guardians, and, when appropriate, be accompanied by financial arrangements to support the guardian and child after the transition.
A complete guardianship nomination should name a primary guardian and at least one alternative, explain any preferences about living situations, and specify wishes regarding medical care, education, and religious upbringing if important. It should be coordinated with financial planning documents that ensure resources are available for a child’s support, such as trusts, life insurance provisions, or beneficiary designations. The process also includes discussing the nomination with intended guardians, obtaining their consent where possible, and updating the nomination as family circumstances change. Clear documentation and coordination between estate planning documents reduce the potential for disputes and streamline court review.
Understanding common legal terms helps families make informed choices when preparing guardianship nominations. This glossary covers terms you are likely to encounter, such as designations related to guardianship, trust arrangements that fund a guardian’s duties, and court procedures that review parental nominations. Familiarity with these concepts allows you to draft more effective documents, ask informed questions, and anticipate issues that could arise during a guardianship appointment. If any term is unclear, discussing it with a knowledgeable practitioner helps translate legal concepts into practical planning decisions that align with your family’s needs.
A guardianship nomination is a formal statement, often included in a will or separate designation, that expresses a parent’s preference for who should serve as guardian of minor children if the parent cannot fulfill that role. This nomination typically names a primary guardian and one or more alternates, and may include instructions on care and upbringing. Although the court makes the final appointment based on the child’s best interests, judges place significant weight on a parent’s documented wishes. Including this designation in clear, legally recognized documents helps ensure your intentions are known and considered.
A pour-over will is a type of will designed to transfer any assets not already placed into a trust at the time of a person’s death into a designated trust. It serves as a safety net to ensure that assets intended to fund a child’s care or trust provisions will ultimately be managed under the trust terms, even if they were not formally moved beforehand. In the context of guardianship planning, a pour-over will can make sure that funds available for a child’s support are administered consistently with the broader estate plan.
Trust funding and assignment refer to the process of transferring assets into a trust so they can be managed for beneficiaries, including minor children. Documents such as a general assignment of assets to trust and a certification of trust help verify a trust’s terms and ensure trustees can access assets when needed. Proper funding is essential to make resources available to a guardian for a child’s support, education, and welfare. Without adequate funding, a caregiver may face financial strain, making coordinated trust planning a key component of guardianship arrangements.
A Heggstad petition is a court filing used to correct situations where assets meant to be in a trust were not properly titled in the trust’s name, by requesting court recognition that those assets should be treated as trust property. Related petitions such as trust modification petitions or petitions to confirm transfer may be necessary when funding oversights occur or when circumstances change. Including such contingencies in planning can prevent delays in funding a guardian’s access to assets and help avoid extended court proceedings during a difficult time for the family.
Families often weigh different planning paths when arranging guardianship: a simple nomination in a will, a guardianship designation paired with trust funding, or a full suite of estate documents that coordinate guardianship with financial provisions. A limited approach may be faster and lower cost initially but can leave gaps in funding or clarity. A comprehensive approach integrates nominations with wills, trusts, powers of attorney, and healthcare directives to cover care, finances, and decision-making. Evaluating the risks and benefits of each option, including potential court involvement and family dynamics, helps determine the plan that best protects children and guardians.
A limited guardianship plan can be sufficient when there is strong family consensus and the nominated guardian has immediate and reliable resources to care for a child with minimal legal intervention. For families where the nominated guardian is nearby, willing to assume temporary care, and has financial means to support the child until long-term arrangements are finalized, a simple nomination may meet urgent needs. This approach is often reasonable for lower-asset households or when parents plan to update documents regularly as circumstances evolve, so long as funding and practical support are not overlooked.
A limited nomination strategy may fit families who already have robust financial arrangements in place outside of trusts, such as designated beneficiaries or accessible savings, that a guardian can use for child care. When assets are immediately available to support a guardian and family members have clear understanding and agreement about responsibilities, the urgency of comprehensive trust funding may be reduced. However, even with these arrangements, periodically reassessing whether additional documents such as powers of attorney or slight trust provisions are needed will help avoid future complications.
Comprehensive planning becomes essential when a family’s situation involves multiple properties, blended families, or special needs beneficiaries, and when asset protection and clear funding mechanisms are necessary to maintain a child’s standard of living. In such cases, integrating guardianship nominations with trusts, life insurance arrangements, and beneficiary designations helps ensure funds are managed as intended. A coordinated plan reduces the risk that disputes or administrative hurdles will delay a guardian’s access to resources needed for a child’s health, education, and general welfare.
When continuity of care and minimal court involvement are priorities, a comprehensive approach is often preferred. Detailed estate planning documents can anticipate common issues and specify how assets should be used to support a guardian and child, thereby reducing the need for court oversight. This approach helps prevent misinterpretation of parental wishes, clarifies trustee and guardian roles, and anticipates future changes through modification provisions. For families seeking durable protections and smoother transitions, comprehensive planning provides a higher degree of predictability and stability.
A comprehensive estate plan that includes guardianship nominations, trusts, powers of attorney, and healthcare directives offers multiple advantages. It aligns decisions about child care with financial structures that ensure resources are available where and when they are needed. This cohesion reduces uncertainty for appointed guardians, minimizes delays caused by probate or administrative hurdles, and clarifies how funds should be used for a child’s needs. Families also gain peace of mind knowing their intentions are documented and that there are contingency provisions should circumstances change over time.
Comprehensive planning provides flexibility to address unique family circumstances, such as children with special needs, blended family dynamics, or preferences for educational and medical decisions. Including provisions like trust protections, a certification of trust, and clear assignment instructions helps ensure guardians can access and manage assets responsibly. Comprehensive plans can be structured to protect assets from unnecessary exposure, to specify successor guardians, and to update easily as family situations evolve, which together create a resilient safety net for children.
Integrating guardianship nominations with trust funding and clear beneficiary designations helps provide financial security for a child’s care. This approach ensures that guardians have access to funds for day-to-day expenses, education, healthcare, and longer-term needs without waiting for lengthy probate processes. Trusts and related documents can outline permissible uses of assets, creating a structured financial plan that aligns with parental priorities. Ensuring funding is in place at the time planning is completed prevents gaps that might otherwise expose a guardian and family to financial strain.
A comprehensive plan communicates clear intentions about guardianship, financial management, and child-rearing priorities, which can significantly reduce family disputes and uncertainty. When responsibilities and funding sources are explicitly documented, there is less room for conflicting interpretations or competing claims. This clarity fosters cooperation among family members and supports the appointed guardian in fulfilling their duties. By minimizing ambiguity, families can focus on the child’s welfare rather than prolonged disagreements or court battles at a time when stability is most needed.
Start identifying potential guardians well in advance and speak with the people you are considering to confirm their willingness and availability. Discuss practical details such as living arrangements, parenting philosophies, and financial capacity so everyone understands responsibilities. Having open conversations reduces surprises and makes it easier to name back-up guardians if needed. Documenting consent or preferences in writing is helpful because it clarifies expectations and ensures the nominated person is prepared to assume responsibilities when necessary, reducing disruption for the child during transitions.
Review guardianship nominations regularly, especially after major life events such as births, deaths, marriages, relocations, or changes in relationships. Family dynamics and the availability of nominated guardians can change over time, so periodic updates ensure your documents reflect current wishes and circumstances. Regular review also provides an opportunity to adjust financial arrangements, add or remove alternates, and confirm that named guardians remain willing and capable. Keeping nominations current reduces the likelihood of disputes and helps preserve the plan’s effectiveness when it matters most.
Including guardianship nominations in your estate plan ensures that your preferences for who will raise and care for your children are documented and available to the court. This planning reduces uncertainty and can speed the process of appointing a guardian, helping children maintain stability. Nominations also allow you to structure financial arrangements that support a child’s daily needs and long-term goals, such as education or healthcare. Planning ahead helps align family expectations and provides appointed caregivers with clearer authority and resources to act in the child’s best interest.
Families should consider guardianship nominations to avoid default outcomes that might not reflect parental values, to reduce potential conflicts among relatives, and to provide legal recognition of their preferences. Nominations paired with trusts and other documents can protect assets for a child’s future and specify terms for asset use. This integrated approach creates a practical roadmap for guardians, trustees, and courts to follow, minimizing interruptions in a child’s life and offering parents reassurance that their intentions are documented and more likely to be respected.
Guardianship nominations are commonly needed when parents have young children, when single parents are planning for contingencies, for families with special needs children, or when parents spend significant time away from home due to work or travel. They are also advisable in blended families where custody arrangements could otherwise lead to dispute. Additionally, parents with substantial assets or unique wishes for a child’s upbringing should document their preferences to guide courts and family members. Proactive nominations help ensure that a child’s physical, emotional, and financial needs are addressed in the way parents intend.
Parents of young children benefit from naming guardians to ensure that, in the event of incapacity or death, a trusted caregiver assumes responsibility immediately. Young children experience significant developmental needs, and continuity of care is often critical to their emotional wellbeing. A nomination gives courts a clear parental preference and helps avoid lengthy disputes among relatives. Pairing the nomination with financial planning protects a child’s material needs, including schooling and healthcare, and provides a clearer path for a guardian to step into the caregiving role with resources and authority.
Single parents or those who spend extended time away from home should particularly consider formal guardianship nominations to ensure predictable care arrangements if they are suddenly unavailable. Remote living, work travel, or deployments increase the importance of naming a guardian who is ready to act. Clear documentation also helps coordinate who will make critical decisions and how financial support will be handled. Establishing these plans in advance reduces uncertainty and enables designated caregivers to provide stable, continuous care without undue delay or administrative hurdles.
Families with special financial concerns, significant assets, or children who have medical, educational, or developmental needs should ensure nominations are integrated with trusts and funding mechanisms. A straightforward nomination without financial planning can leave a guardian unable to meet a child’s specialized needs promptly. Trusts such as irrevocable life insurance trusts or special needs trusts can be structured to provide ongoing support while preserving eligibility for public benefits when necessary. Coordinated planning is essential to protect long-term interests and provide continuity of care tailored to each child’s circumstances.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman offers tailored guidance to families in Bayside and across Humboldt County who are preparing guardianship nominations and related estate planning documents. We help clients identify appropriate guardians, coordinate trust funding, craft pour-over wills, and prepare supporting paperwork like advance health care directives and powers of attorney. Our goal is to provide clear, practical solutions so families can implement plans that reflect their values. We aim to make the process approachable and to ensure documents are ready when they are needed most.
Families choose the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman because we focus on delivering thoughtful, practical estate planning tailored to each household’s needs. We provide clear explanations of the legal options available, walk through implications of different nomination and funding strategies, and help clients select arrangements that align with their goals for children’s care. Our approach emphasizes thorough documentation and coordination between wills, trusts, and supporting instruments to reduce uncertainty and prepare for contingencies. Clients appreciate the careful attention to family dynamics and legal detail.
We work with clients to craft nominations that are legally sound and that reflect individual preferences about guardianship, education, medical care, and financial management. Part of our work involves anticipating issues that can complicate guardianship transitions and proposing concrete solutions such as trust funding, pour-over wills, and assignment documents. By addressing both the personal and financial aspects of guardianship planning, we help families create a cohesive plan that supports a child’s wellbeing and provides guidance to the people who will assume responsibility.
Our practice supports families through the full lifecycle of planning, from initial discussions to document preparation and periodic updates. We assist with related filings or petitions when necessary and coordinate with other advisors, such as financial planners, to ensure plans are practical and effective. Our aim is to reduce stress for clients by making sure their nominations and trusts are ready and aligned. This comprehensive approach helps families focus on caregiving priorities rather than procedural uncertainties during difficult times.
Our process begins with a consultation to learn about family circumstances, caregiving preferences, and financial arrangements. We then recommend a tailored plan that may include a will with guardianship nomination, trust funding strategies, a pour-over will, and supporting documents such as powers of attorney and advance health care directives. Drafting is followed by review and revisions to ensure the documents reflect your wishes. We also advise on practical steps to fund trusts and to communicate your nominations to the intended guardians, thereby reducing friction if a transition becomes necessary.
The first step involves gathering detailed information about family relationships, potential guardians, assets, and any special needs of children. We collect data on bank accounts, retirement plans, life insurance, and property to understand what resources will be available to support a guardian. This assessment allows us to recommend appropriate documents and funding strategies. During this stage, we also discuss preferences for guardianship, backup choices, and any specific instructions regarding upbringing or medical care, so those wishes can be accurately reflected in the documents.
Identifying potential guardians and discussing responsibilities is a critical early step. We encourage clients to review candidates’ availability, willingness, and ability to provide care. Conversations should address living arrangements, schooling, medical needs, and how guardians would manage finances for the child. Documenting these discussions and confirming consent where possible helps avoid surprises and provides clarity for the court. This proactive approach reduces uncertainty and ensures that nominated guardians understand the scope of responsibilities and are prepared to act if needed.
We analyze existing financial resources and determine whether supplemental funding mechanisms, such as trusts or beneficiary updates, are required to support a guardian. This review identifies gaps that could impede a guardian’s ability to provide for a child’s basic needs and long-term goals. We then recommend strategies like assignments to trust, life insurance provisions, or retirement plan beneficiary designations to create reliable funding. Addressing funding early in the process avoids delays in care and supports a guardian’s ability to meet educational and medical expenses over time.
In the drafting phase we prepare the guardianship nomination and any related documents chosen during planning. This may include drafting a will with nomination language, creating or funding trusts, preparing a certification of trust, and executing powers of attorney and advance health care directives. We coordinate the documents to ensure consistency and legal effectiveness under California law. Clients review drafts and provide feedback so the final documents reflect precise intentions and contain necessary contingencies and alternates for clarity and reliability.
Guardianship language is crafted to clearly identify nominees, alternates, and any conditions relevant to appointment. We include instructions about care preferences and coordinate language with financial provisions to ensure a seamless application. When trusts are part of the plan, we draft distribution terms that empower trustees to provide for a child’s needs while protecting assets over time. The goal is to achieve cohesive documentation that demonstrates parental intent and provides practical authority for guardians and trustees to act without unnecessary court involvement.
Coordination includes steps to fund trusts, assign assets, and ensure beneficiary designations align with estate plan goals. We prepare and review assignments, pour-over wills, and certificates of trust, and advise on transactions to ensure assets are transferred correctly. Execution of documents follows formal legal requirements to make them effective. We also recommend preparing letters of instruction for guardians and trustees to explain practical matters. These combined steps help make resources available promptly to support a child and reduce administrative barriers for caregivers.
After documents are executed, we recommend a schedule for periodic review and updates to reflect changes in family dynamics, finances, or law. Life events such as marriage, divorce, birth of additional children, or changes in a nominated guardian’s circumstances can necessitate revisions. We provide guidance on when to update nominations and funding arrangements and assist with any necessary court filings or trust modifications. Ongoing support ensures the plan remains current and effective, giving families continued assurance that their children’s care is safeguarded.
Communicating the plan to nominated guardians and family members helps ensure a smoother transition if care becomes necessary. Sharing essential details, such as where documents are kept, financial arrangements, and a guardian’s expected responsibilities, reduces confusion during emergencies. We recommend preparing a concise letter of intent to accompany legal documents outlining your values and practical instructions for the child’s daily care. Open communication also gives the nominated guardians the opportunity to raise concerns and confirm their willingness to serve.
Regularly scheduled reviews of guardianship nominations and supporting documents help ensure they remain aligned with your current wishes. We suggest reviewing documents after major life events or at least every few years. During each review we confirm that nominated guardians are still appropriate, that funding remains adequate, and that any newly acquired assets are properly titled to avoid funding gaps. Making adjustments when necessary preserves the plan’s integrity and ensures that nominated guardians and trustees can carry out your intentions effectively.
A guardianship nomination is a formal statement in your estate planning documents that indicates who you prefer to serve as the legal guardian for minor children if you are unable to care for them. It commonly appears in a will or as a specific designation and may name primary and alternate guardians. The nomination outlines your preferences for who will assume parental responsibilities and can include guidance regarding care and upbringing. Courts generally consider a parent’s documented intentions when making guardianship decisions, though they will still evaluate the nominee’s suitability based on the child’s best interests. Including a nomination in a will or other estate planning document makes your wishes clear to family members and the court, reducing uncertainty during emotional times. It is wise to complement the nomination with supporting documents that address financial support and logistics, such as trust arrangements or beneficiary designations, to ensure resources are available for the guardian. Discussing the nomination with potential guardians in advance helps confirm their willingness to serve and prepares them for responsibilities if an appointment becomes necessary.
A guardianship nomination does not automatically bind a court to appoint the named individual, but judges generally give significant weight to a parent’s clearly documented preferences. The court’s primary concern is the child’s best interests, so it will consider the nomination alongside evidence about the nominee’s ability to provide safe, stable care. If the nominated person is unsuitable or if another party presents compelling reasons, the court may appoint an alternative guardian. Nevertheless, a well-documented nomination strongly influences the court’s decision and reduces room for dispute among relatives. For practical effect, nominations should be supported by financial planning and clear letters of intent that describe parenting preferences and practical arrangements. When a nomination is combined with funding mechanisms like trusts or life insurance provisions, the nominated guardian is better positioned to provide immediate support. Preparing these complementary documents and discussing the nomination with your family helps maximize the likelihood that your wishes will be implemented.
Ensuring a guardian has access to funds typically involves coordinating your guardianship nomination with funding vehicles such as trusts, life insurance, and beneficiary designations. Establishing a trust and properly funding it, using instruments like a pour-over will or general assignment of assets to trust, creates a mechanism for a trustee to disburse funds to support the child. Designating trustees and specifying permissible uses of funds provides structure and safeguards for long-term financial needs. It is important to review account titles, retirement plan beneficiary designations, and insurance policies to make sure assets will be available to a trusted fiduciary without unnecessary delay. A certification of trust or clear assignment language can help trustees and guardians access assets promptly. Regular review of these arrangements ensures funding remains aligned with the guardianship plan and responsive to changing family circumstances.
You should update a guardianship nomination whenever there are significant life changes that might affect your preferences or the suitability of a nominated guardian. Events like births, deaths, marriages, divorces, moves, or changes in a guardian’s health or availability are common reasons to revisit your documents. Regular reviews at least every few years help ensure that nominations remain current and reflect your wishes and family circumstances. During an update it is important to confirm that any financial arrangements continue to support the nominated guardian and that beneficiary designations and trust funding remain aligned. Making timely updates reduces the risk that outdated nominations will cause confusion or disputes and ensures that your plan continues to offer effective protection for your children.
Yes, you can name multiple alternates and set conditions within a guardianship nomination. Listing a primary guardian plus one or more alternates provides redundancy if the primary cannot serve. Conditions can include preferences about geographic location, religious upbringing, or other caregiving priorities. Clear, specific language helps a court implement your wishes while retaining flexibility to appoint the most suitable person under changing circumstances. Be mindful that overly restrictive conditions can complicate court decisions, so it is useful to balance specificity with practical flexibility. Consulting with a planner ensures the nomination’s language is clear and effective, and that alternates are named in a practical order to reduce ambiguity if a succession of appointments becomes necessary.
Documents that commonly accompany a guardianship nomination include a will containing the nomination language, a pour-over will, trust documents such as revocable living trusts, a certification of trust, and powers of attorney. Advance health care directives are also important to ensure continuity of medical decision-making if a parent is incapacitated. Additionally, documents like a general assignment of assets to trust and life insurance beneficiary designations help ensure financial resources are available for the child’s support. Coordinating these instruments ensures consistency across your estate plan and helps prevent funding gaps that could impede a guardian’s ability to provide for the child. Proper titling of assets and regular reviews are necessary parts of this coordination to maintain effectiveness over time.
When a child has special needs, guardianship nominations should be integrated with focused financial planning to preserve eligibility for public benefits and to provide supplemental support. Special needs trusts, irrevocable life insurance trusts, or other tailored trust arrangements can be structured so that they provide care without disqualifying a child from means-tested benefits. Clear instructions and the right trustee selection protect the child’s long-term interests and quality of care. Careful drafting ensures that distributions are used appropriately and that the nominated guardian and trustee understand how to coordinate benefits and private funds. Families facing special needs planning should review and update their documents regularly and consider working with advisors who understand how to balance private resources with public benefit rules to maintain overall support for the child.
If you do not name a guardian, the court will appoint one in the event of your incapacity or death. Courts will consider relatives and other parties who come forward, which can result in contentious proceedings and uncertainty for the child. Without a documented nomination, family disagreements may delay a smooth transition and disrupt a child’s daily life during an already stressful time. Naming a guardian reduces the likelihood of contested proceedings and provides clearer direction to both family members and the court. Even when circumstances are amicable, having a formal nomination helps expedite the appointment process and ensures continuity of care in accordance with your values and priorities.
Guardianship nominations can be changed at any time while you have legal capacity by updating the documents that contain the nomination, such as a will or a designated form. It is important to execute any changes with the same formalities required for the original document to ensure they are legally effective. Keeping originals and notifying relevant parties where appropriate helps avoid confusion about current wishes. If a nomination has already been acted upon by a court because of a parent’s incapacity or death, modifications require court involvement and may be more complicated. Regular reviews and prompt updates while you are able simplify the process and help ensure that your current preferences are clear and enforceable.
Communicating your nomination to family and the appointed guardian reduces surprises and prepares everyone for the responsibilities ahead. Share a concise letter of intent that outlines practical details, where documents are kept, and your wishes regarding care. Discuss financial arrangements and confirm that the nominated guardian understands the role and has the capacity to serve. Open communication can also provide peace of mind to the nominated guardian and reduce the chance of disputes among relatives. While sharing details is valuable, it is also important to keep legal documents in accessible locations and to provide copies to trusted parties as appropriate. Maintaining updated contact information for nominated guardians and trustees and documenting consent or willingness to serve can streamline any necessary proceedings and ensure a smoother transition for the child.
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