An Advance Health Care Directive is a critical component of any comprehensive estate plan, allowing you to state your medical preferences and designate a trusted person to make health decisions on your behalf if you cannot. At the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman, we assist residents of Hidden Valley Lake, Lake County, and the surrounding California communities to craft directives that reflect personal values and practical considerations. This page explains the purpose of an Advance Health Care Directive, common choices people make, and how it interacts with other documents such as living trusts, powers of attorney, and HIPAA authorizations to ensure continuity of care and decision-making.
Preparing an Advance Health Care Directive in advance reduces uncertainty and family conflict during emotional times, providing clear guidance to medical providers and loved ones. Whether you are updating an existing directive or creating one for the first time, you will benefit from clear information about durable powers for health decisions, life-sustaining treatment preferences, and how to name alternates. Our approach focuses on making sure your decisions are documented in accordance with California law and reflect your values, while coordinating with other estate planning tools like pour-over wills, trust funding, and guardianship nominations when appropriate.
An Advance Health Care Directive brings peace of mind by specifying your health care wishes and appointing a decision-maker when you cannot communicate. This reduces the burden on family members who might otherwise have to guess your preferences during a medical emergency. The directive works with a HIPAA authorization and an advance power of attorney for finances to create a coordinated plan that covers medical care, privacy of records, and fiscal responsibility. By documenting your choices, you also support smoother interactions with hospitals and long-term care providers, and minimize disputes that can delay treatment or create legal complications.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assists clients across Lake County and the greater San Jose region with practical estate planning services tailored to California law. We emphasize clear communication, careful document drafting, and coordination among related estate documents such as revocable living trusts, wills, financial powers of attorney, and HIPAA authorizations. Our focus is on helping clients create directives that are durable, legally effective, and understandable by family members and medical providers. We also provide guidance on trust-related tools like certification of trust, pour-over wills, and trust modification petitions when circumstances change.
An Advance Health Care Directive serves two main functions: it records your preferences about medical treatment and it names one or more people to make health decisions when you are unable to do so. In California, a directive may include instructions about life-sustaining treatment, organ donation, pain management, and preferences for comfort care. It typically works in tandem with a HIPAA authorization so appointed decision-makers can access medical records. When combined with a living trust or pour-over will, the directive helps ensure that both your medical and financial affairs are addressed in accordance with your wishes during incapacity.
Creating an Advance Health Care Directive requires thought about personal values, acceptable medical interventions, and who you trust to carry out decisions. Choices may include preferences regarding resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, artificial nutrition and hydration, and other treatments. You can also include general statements about quality of life and circumstances under which you would decline certain measures. Because medical situations can be complex, clear wording and alternatives for decision-makers help avoid ambiguity. Regular reviews and updates ensure the directive stays aligned with changing health, relationships, and advances in medical care.
An Advance Health Care Directive is a legal document that records your health care instructions and appoints a surrogate decision-maker. It is effective when you lack capacity to make and communicate decisions, and it guides health care professionals and your appointed agent. The directive can range from specific treatment preferences to broader statements of values that the agent uses to guide decisions. Under California law, it is important that the directive is properly signed and witnessed or notarized when required, and that any selected agent understands the responsibilities and has access to necessary medical information through HIPAA authorization.
Key elements of an Advance Health Care Directive include naming a primary and alternate decision-maker, detailing treatment preferences, granting authority to access health information, and specifying end-of-life wishes. The process includes an initial consultation to discuss values and goals, drafting of the directive language to avoid ambiguity, and execution following California formalities. Coordination with related estate documents such as a financial power of attorney and HIPAA authorization ensures your medical and financial decision-makers can act effectively. Regular review and clear distribution to designated agents and medical providers are recommended to keep the directive current.
Understanding common terms makes it easier to complete an Advance Health Care Directive. Important concepts include incapacity, surrogate decision-maker, life-sustaining treatment, do-not-resuscitate preferences, and HIPAA authorization for medical records. Knowing these terms helps you decide how detailed your directive should be and how it will function with other estate documents. When combined with instruments like revocable living trusts, pour-over wills, and financial powers of attorney, the directive becomes part of a comprehensive plan that addresses both medical and financial needs during incapacity and ensures decisions align with your values.
An Advance Health Care Directive is a written statement of your health care preferences and a designation of an agent to act on your behalf. It can include instructions about life-sustaining treatments and conditions under which such treatments should or should not be used. The directive may also authorize someone to access medical records and discuss care with providers, especially when paired with a HIPAA authorization. Properly executed, the document guides medical decisions during periods of incapacity and reduces uncertainty for families and clinicians about your wishes.
A Durable Health Care Power of Attorney appoints an agent to make health care decisions when you are unable to do so. This designation typically survives incapacity and allows the agent to consent to or refuse treatment, access your medical records with proper HIPAA authorization, and communicate with providers. The scope of authority can be broad or limited based on your preferences. Choosing a person who understands your values and can make decisions under pressure is an important step in ensuring the document functions as intended.
A HIPAA authorization permits designated individuals to obtain your protected health information and speak with medical providers, which is essential when an agent must make informed decisions. Without HIPAA authorization, privacy laws can prevent loved ones or agents from accessing necessary records. A well-drafted estate plan includes a HIPAA release aligned with your Advance Health Care Directive so that appointed decision-makers have timely access to diagnoses, treatment options, and prognosis to follow your documented preferences.
Do-Not-Resuscitate orders and comfort care preferences are specific directives about life-sustaining measures and the use of palliative treatments. A directive can indicate whether you would want resuscitation efforts, mechanical ventilation, or artificial nutrition and hydration, as well as preferences for pain management and hospice care. Clear statements help medical staff and your appointed decision-maker align care with your values, focusing on dignity and symptom relief when aggressive interventions are not desired or likely to provide meaningful benefit.
When planning for incapacity, there are several legal tools to consider: an Advance Health Care Directive, a HIPAA authorization, a financial power of attorney, and trust or will provisions for property and finances. Each serves a distinct role: directives address medical decisions, HIPAA releases enable access to records, powers of attorney handle financial matters, and trusts control asset distribution and management. Choosing the right combination depends on personal circumstances, family dynamics, health status, and asset organization, and a coordinated plan reduces the risk of gaps or conflicts during critical moments.
A limited approach may suit individuals with modest assets, uncomplicated family situations, and clear preferences for health care. If your financial affairs are straightforward, a basic Advance Health Care Directive paired with a HIPAA authorization and a simple last will may provide adequate protection. In such cases, naming a trusted agent and documenting end-of-life preferences can be sufficient to guide medical decision-making. Periodic reviews should still be conducted to confirm that named agents remain appropriate and that medical preferences have not changed with new health developments.
When family members already have a clear understanding of your wishes and agree on who will serve as decision-maker, a more concise directive may work well. This scenario reduces the likelihood of disputes and can simplify the decision-making process during an emergency. Even with strong family consensus, it is still advisable to document preferences and name alternates to avoid confusion if circumstances shift. Including a HIPAA authorization remains important to ensure authorized persons can access medical records when needed for informed decisions.
A comprehensive approach is advisable for individuals with significant assets, blended families, or special needs dependents. In these situations, coordinating an Advance Health Care Directive with a revocable living trust, financial powers of attorney, special needs trusts, and retirement plan trusts helps protect resources and ensures medical and financial decisions work together. Detailed planning prevents unintended consequences, supports continuity of care, and aligns asset management with long-term care considerations. It also allows naming guardianship nominations and trust provisions that reflect both medical preferences and financial safeguards.
If you are facing a serious diagnosis, a progressive illness, or anticipate the need for long-term care, a comprehensive plan that integrates an Advance Health Care Directive with disability planning and trust arrangements offers stronger protection. Such planning addresses who will make health and financial decisions, how assets will be used for care, and measures to maintain eligibility for government benefits when applicable. Comprehensive documents reduce the risk of court interventions and provide a clearer roadmap for caregivers and family when difficult decisions must be made.
A coordinated, comprehensive approach aligns medical decision-making with financial safeguards and property arrangements, reducing the chance of conflict and gaps in authority. When an Advance Health Care Directive is paired with a HIPAA release, financial powers of attorney, and trust documents, your appointed decision-makers have the tools they need to act quickly and consistently. This can streamline care decisions, ensure bills are paid during incapacity, and protect assets intended for heirs or beneficiaries. It also minimizes delays when hospitals or care facilities require documentation to proceed with treatment choices.
Comprehensive planning enhances clarity and continuity, making transitions in care and asset management smoother for families. By naming consistent agents for health and financial matters and detailing preferences across documents, you lower the chance of disputes and legal hurdles. The approach supports long-term care planning, guardianship nominations for dependents, and trust instruments such as irrevocable life insurance trusts or special needs trusts when necessary. Ultimately, this coordination preserves dignity, reduces stress for loved ones, and helps ensure your intentions are followed when you cannot speak for yourself.
One major benefit of a comprehensive plan is clarity of authority: your designated health agent and financial agent have the documented power to act and access necessary records. Including HIPAA authorization ensures agents can obtain medical records without delay, and a properly executed power of attorney enables timely financial decisions. These elements reduce the risk of institutions refusing to communicate with loved ones and help agents focus on making decisions that align with your expressed preferences, streamlining the process during stressful circumstances when time and information are critical.
A coordinated directive and estate plan can significantly reduce family conflict by setting clear expectations and naming alternates for decision-making roles. When preferences and authority are documented, there is less ambiguity about who should make choices and what those choices should be. This clarity enables faster decision-making in medical settings and decreases the emotional strain on relatives. It also supports smoother transitions to hospice or long-term care when appropriate, because providers can rely on written instructions and authorized decision-makers to carry out the plan in accordance with your values.
Selecting an agent requires considering who will be willing and able to make difficult medical choices under pressure. Discuss your values, preferences for life-sustaining treatment, and practical issues like willingness to challenge medical recommendations if necessary. Make sure the person understands how to access your medical records and where the directive and HIPAA authorization are stored. Naming alternates can prevent gaps if your first choice is unavailable. Regular conversations and written guidance will help the agent apply your wishes consistently when the moment arises and reduce family uncertainty.
An effective plan coordinates the Advance Health Care Directive with related instruments such as a HIPAA authorization, financial power of attorney, and any trust documents. Store executed copies where agents and medical providers can find them, and provide contact information for your attorney and primary physician. Consider registering the directive with local health systems or electronic registries if available. Regular reviews and clear distribution of updated documents minimize delays and ensure that those who must act on your behalf have timely access to the documentation they need.
Creating an Advance Health Care Directive now avoids rushed decisions during medical crises and ensures your medical preferences are respected. It empowers a trusted person to act on your behalf and reduces the risk of legal or administrative hurdles that can occur without formal documentation. The directive also complements financial planning tools so that both health and economic matters are managed when you are incapacitated. Early planning is especially important for those with chronic health issues, aging parents, or anyone who wants to ensure their values guide future health care decisions.
Another reason to act promptly is that life circumstances change: relationships, health conditions, and available caregivers can shift over time. Establishing a directive and reviewing it periodically keeps your plan aligned with current realities and avoids surprises for loved ones. The process also provides an opportunity to have voluntary conversations with family members and appointed agents about goals and preferences, often making it easier for everyone to honor your decisions when they matter most. Having documents in place reduces stress and improves clarity in difficult moments.
Situations that commonly prompt people to create an Advance Health Care Directive include serious diagnoses, upcoming major surgeries, aging-related concerns, and caring for dependents who require coordinated planning. Travel or living far from family can also make documentation essential, as immediate decisions may be needed by local health care professionals. People with blended families or complex financial arrangements benefit from clear directives to avoid disputes. Regardless of age, having a directive in place ensures that medical choices reflect personal values rather than assumptions by others.
Preparing an Advance Health Care Directive before elective or major surgery ensures your preferences are documented in case complications affect your ability to communicate. Surgeons and hospitals often ask about directives during preoperative planning, and having one in place reduces confusion and streamlines consent processes if unexpected events occur. It also reassures family members that decisions will follow your documented wishes. Discussing likely scenarios with your appointed agent and medical team helps align expectations and supports timely, informed care in the event of an emergency.
A new diagnosis or change in health status is an important trigger to create or update an Advance Health Care Directive. Illnesses that affect decision-making capacity over time make it particularly valuable to document preferences and designate an agent early. Updates can reflect evolving goals of care, preferences for the use of life-sustaining treatments, and plans for long-term care arrangements. Coordinating the directive with financial documents and trust provisions at this stage helps ensure medical and financial decisions remain aligned as conditions change.
Complex family relationships, blended families, or strained communications increase the importance of a clear directive to prevent disputes and differing interpretations of your wishes. Naming a capable agent and providing written guidance reduces ambiguity and can prevent conflicts that delay care or lead to litigation. Including alternates and communicating intentions to key family members helps manage expectations. When necessary, coordinating with other estate planning tools like trusts and guardianship nominations for dependents offers a more complete framework to protect both personal and financial interests.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman provides practical legal support to Hidden Valley Lake residents for Advance Health Care Directives and related estate planning needs. We help clients identify appropriate agents, draft clear directive language, and ensure HIPAA authorizations and powers of attorney are coordinated with trusts and wills. Our goal is to create durable documents that reflect your wishes under California law and that can be accessed by medical providers and family when necessary. We also assist with updates and guidance as circumstances or preferences change over time.
Choosing the right legal help ensures your Advance Health Care Directive is compliant with California requirements and readable by medical personnel. The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman focuses on clear drafting and careful coordination among estate planning documents. We guide clients through common choices about life-sustaining treatments and agent appointments, and help with executing HIPAA authorizations so agents have access to medical information. Our process emphasizes responsiveness, practical guidance, and attention to family dynamics to help avoid confusion during critical moments.
We work to ensure your directive complements other estate planning instruments like revocable living trusts, pour-over wills, financial powers of attorney, and guardianship nominations when those are relevant. That integrated approach helps maintain continuity between medical decisions and financial management, and reduces the potential for conflicting documents. We also provide clear instructions on distribution of executed documents to agents and medical providers, and offer periodic reviews so your plan remains current with changes in health, relationships, or legal standards.
Our office serves clients across Lake County and the San Jose region, helping people of different backgrounds create practical directives that are straightforward to implement. We emphasize communication with clients and their chosen agents to ensure everyone understands the directive’s intent and practical implications. If legal or administrative issues arise, we can advise on steps to resolve disputes and clarify authority. Our goal is to make the process as simple and reassuring as possible so you can focus on what matters most to you and your family.
Our process begins with a conversation about your goals, health status, and family situation to determine the appropriate scope of the directive and related documents. We then draft clear, legally effective language tailored to your wishes and coordinate a HIPAA authorization and any necessary financial powers of attorney. After reviewing the documents with you and answering questions, we assist with proper execution, notarization, and distribution of copies to agents and providers. We recommend periodic reviews and updates to keep the plan aligned with changes in life or health.
During the initial consultation we discuss your medical preferences, potential agents, and how the directive should interact with other estate planning documents. We gather relevant family and medical details, identify potential conflicts, and explain California formalities for execution. This conversation helps us craft a directive that accurately reflects your wishes while anticipating scenarios that could affect decision-making. We also advise on whether additional instruments, such as HIPAA authorizations or financial powers of attorney, are advisable for your situation.
We help you articulate your values, acceptable medical interventions, and quality-of-life considerations that will guide decision-making. This includes conversations about cardiopulmonary resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, artificial nutrition and hydration, and pain management. Providing scenarios and examples helps clarify your choices and ensures the directive contains language that is meaningful to both your agent and medical providers. A values-based approach supports effective, compassionate decisions when specific clinical situations arise and reduces ambiguity for those who must act on your behalf.
Selecting an agent involves evaluating availability, willingness to serve, and ability to communicate with medical professionals under stress. We guide you on choosing primary and alternate agents, discussing the responsibilities involved and advising on how to prepare them. Encouraging conversations with your chosen agents helps ensure they understand your wishes and are ready to act. We also explain how the agent’s authority interacts with HIPAA releases and any other estate planning provisions, so the person designated can access records and carry out decisions effectively.
After gathering information, we prepare the Advance Health Care Directive and any accompanying documents such as a HIPAA authorization and related powers of attorney. Drafting focuses on clear, enforceable language that avoids ambiguity and anticipates practical issues medical teams may face. If you have trust instruments or guardianship nominations, we ensure consistency across all documents. We then review drafts with you, make adjustments as needed, and prepare instructions for signing and distribution to agents and medical providers to ensure documents are effective when needed.
A HIPAA authorization is prepared alongside the directive to allow designated individuals to access medical records and talk with providers. This authorization is tailored to clearly identify the persons who may obtain records and the scope of access, ensuring agents have necessary information without unnecessary broad permissions. Including this release prevents privacy laws from blocking communication that the agent needs to make informed decisions. We explain how it works and coordinate its execution with the directive for immediate usability.
We review your financial powers of attorney, revocable living trust, wills, and any special needs or retirement plan trusts to align authority and avoid conflicts. Consistent naming of agents and alternates across instruments reduces confusion, and provisions can be drafted to ensure assets are available for medical care and long-term needs. When necessary, we recommend modifications or certifications of trust to ensure institutions accept the documents. This coordination provides a cohesive plan for health care and asset management during incapacity.
Once documents are finalized, we advise on proper execution, including witnessing and notarization as required under California law. We provide guidance on distributing copies to your appointed agents, family members, physicians, and any health care institutions where you receive care. Storing original copies in accessible locations and registering documents with appropriate registries when possible enhances usability. We also recommend periodic reviews and updates to reflect changes in health, relationships, or personal preferences so that your directives remain effective and current.
We explain the signing formalities necessary for an Advance Health Care Directive and related releases to be valid in California, including witness requirements and notarization where applicable. Proper execution avoids challenges to the document’s validity and ensures that health care providers and institutions will accept it when decisions must be made. Clear instructions on who should hold copies and how agents can access originals help reduce delays, and we provide sample notification letters to inform your agent and family members that the directive has been executed and where it is located.
We recommend reviewing your Advance Health Care Directive and accompanying documents every few years or after any major life event such as a change in health, marital status, or family structure. Updates may be necessary to reflect new preferences, appoint different agents, or coordinate with revised trust or estate planning documents. We provide a straightforward process for amendments and re-execution to maintain effectiveness. Keeping records of revisions and distributing updated copies prevents confusion and ensures your current wishes are honored.
An Advance Health Care Directive is a broader instrument that may include appointment of an agent and general instructions about medical care, whereas a living will typically focuses specifically on end-of-life treatment preferences such as resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, and artificial nutrition. The directive often combines the agent designation with statements of values and may cover a wider range of scenarios beyond terminal illness. Both documents aim to guide care when you cannot speak for yourself, but the directive’s agent designation provides someone to interpret and apply your preferences to unforeseen situations. Using both tools together can be effective: a living will-style section provides specific instructions about life-sustaining treatments, while the directive’s agent appointment allows a trusted person to make decisions in situations not explicitly covered. This combination helps medical teams and decision-makers act in accordance with your wishes by blending concrete instructions with an empowered representative. Maintaining a HIPAA authorization alongside these documents ensures your agent has access to necessary medical information to implement your choices.
When choosing a health care agent, select someone who understands your values, remains calm under pressure, and can communicate effectively with medical staff and family. The person should be willing to make difficult decisions and available when needed, as they may be called upon in emergencies or during prolonged health events. Consider whether the chosen agent has geographic proximity or the ability to travel if in-person decisions are required, and think carefully about how family dynamics might affect the agent’s ability to act without undue conflict. It is wise to name alternates in case your primary choice is unable or unwilling to serve when the time comes. Discuss your wishes in advance so the agent knows your preferences and any specific scenarios you want addressed. Providing written guidance and ensuring the agent has practical information—such as your doctors’ contacts and location of documents—will help them carry out decisions that reflect your intentions and reduce uncertainty during stressful moments.
A HIPAA authorization allows designated persons to access your protected health information, which is essential for an appointed health care agent to make informed decisions. Without it, privacy laws might prevent medical providers from sharing details about diagnoses, treatment options, or test results with family members or agents. The authorization is usually executed alongside the directive and clearly names the individuals who may receive records and the permitted scope of access, ensuring that agents can obtain the information they need when making decisions on your behalf. Including a HIPAA release reduces delays and misunderstandings by allowing timely communication between providers and agents. The release can be tailored to limit access to specific providers or time frames if desired, and it should be kept with the directive so agents can present it to medical facilities. Clear coordination of these documents ensures decisions are based on accurate and current medical information.
Yes, you can change or revoke your Advance Health Care Directive at any time as long as you have the capacity to do so under California law. Changes should be made in writing and signed in the manner required for the original document, and it is important to notify your appointed agents, family members, and medical providers of any updates. Destroying previous copies and providing new ones helps prevent confusion about which document is current and authoritative when decisions must be made. If you want to make minor updates, an amendment or revocation form may be sufficient, but when significant changes are required it may be clearer to execute a new directive and distribute it widely. Periodic reviews allow you to confirm the directive still reflects your wishes, and professional guidance can ensure changes are properly documented and aligned with other estate planning instruments.
Hospitals and medical providers typically respect Advance Health Care Directives executed in other states, but acceptance can vary based on specific local rules and how the document is drafted. California directives that are properly executed are generally recognized, but facilities outside California may have different form preferences. To reduce risk when traveling or moving, consider carrying a portable, clearly written directive accompanied by a HIPAA authorization and contact information for your primary physician, and review local requirements if you will be away for an extended period. When relocating permanently to another state, it is advisable to review and possibly re-execute your directive under that state’s laws to ensure full compliance and acceptance. If you anticipate care outside California, consult with legal counsel to confirm that your documents will be honored or to prepare supplemental paperwork that aligns with the receiving jurisdiction’s expectations.
You are not required to have an attorney prepare an Advance Health Care Directive; standard forms are available that individuals can complete independently. However, legal guidance can be helpful to ensure the document is tailored to your specific wishes, avoids ambiguity, and coordinates properly with related estate planning tools like powers of attorney and trusts. Professional assistance can also help ensure the directive meets California formalities for execution and is effective in real-world medical settings. If your situation involves complex family arrangements, significant assets, or specific long-term care concerns, legal help may provide added assurance that all instruments work together and reduce the chance of disputes. Even when using a standard form, consulting with counsel for review and execution guidance can improve clarity and usability when decisions must be made.
Review your Advance Health Care Directive periodically, typically every few years, and after any major life event such as a change in health, marriage, divorce, or the death or incapacity of a named agent. Medical advances and changes in personal values can also prompt revisions. Regular reviews help maintain alignment between your preferences and the documents that express them, and they ensure that named agents remain suitable and available to act when necessary. When reviewing, confirm that copies have been distributed to your agent, family members, and medical providers, and update any HIPAA authorizations and related estate documents as needed. Keeping a dated record of reviews and amendments clarifies which version is current and prevents uncertainty among those who may rely on the directive.
If your primary agent is unavailable and no alternate has been named, California law provides a default decision-making hierarchy that may allow certain family members to act, but this can vary and may lead to delays or disputes. To avoid uncertainty, it is best to name alternate agents in the directive so a clear chain of authority exists. Alternate agents ensure someone you trust can make decisions even if your first choice cannot serve when the need arises. Naming alternates and discussing your wishes with them ahead of time reduces the risk of conflict and facilitates prompt decision-making in medical settings. If no appropriate family member is available, consider appointing a close friend, trusted neighbor, or professional fiduciary and ensure they have access to your directive and HIPAA authorization.
An Advance Health Care Directive addresses medical decision-making during incapacity, while a trust or will deals with property management and distribution. The directive operates during your lifetime to direct medical care and appoint an agent, whereas a trust or will becomes relevant for asset distribution after death or for management during incapacity in the case of a revocable trust. Coordinating these documents ensures that medical decisions and financial management are aligned with your overall estate plan and reduces the likelihood of conflicting instructions. For example, a financial power of attorney can work alongside the directive to ensure bills continue to be paid during incapacity, and trust documents can provide for long-term care funding or special needs planning. Regular coordination of these instruments helps guarantee that both medical and financial matters are addressed cohesively when you are unable to act for yourself.
Provide your appointed agent and primary medical providers with signed copies of your Advance Health Care Directive, HIPAA authorization, and any relevant contact information for family members and attorneys. It is also helpful to give agents instructions about where original documents are stored and to provide a brief summary of your key preferences for quick reference. Keeping digital copies accessible and informing hospitals or clinics that you have a directive on file can reduce response time in emergencies. In addition, consider providing a wallet card or emergency contact sheet indicating that you have an Advance Health Care Directive and listing your agent’s name and phone number. Encouraging your agent to carry a copy or have access to electronic versions helps ensure they can present documentation when needed and communicate effectively with medical staff on your behalf.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas