If you discovered a family trust was intended to hold property but an asset was never retitled into the trust, a Heggstad petition may be the path to correct the record without full probate. At the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman we help clients in Charter Oak and Los Angeles County understand how a Heggstad petition works, why it may be necessary, and what evidence the court will consider. This overview explains common scenarios that lead to petitions, the practical steps involved in filing, and how to present testimony and documentation to support a trustee or beneficiary’s claim to an asset.
A Heggstad petition is often used when a decedent intended to place property into a trust but the transfer was not completed before death. Filing the petition asks the court to declare that the asset should be treated as trust property and to order that ownership be transferred to the trustee. This process can avoid a protracted probate administration, reduce costs, and align the property distribution with the decedent’s known estate planning documents. The petition requires credible evidence such as trust documents, correspondence, and testimony that show the decedent’s intent and the steps taken to fund the trust.
Pursuing a Heggstad petition can protect the decedent’s intent and help avoid an unnecessary probate estate administration when trust funding was incomplete. The petition can lead to a court declaration that certain assets belong to the trust, allowing the trustee to administer them under trust terms. This reduces administrative delays, potential court costs, and public disclosure that often accompany probate. For families seeking continuity and privacy in the disposition of assets, a successful petition aligns legal title with the written trust and helps beneficiaries receive their intended inheritances more efficiently and with less contention.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman represents clients across Los Angeles County in trust litigation and trust administration matters, including Heggstad petitions. Our approach emphasizes clear communication, careful review of trust instruments and related records, and preparation of the factual record the court will need. We assist trustees, beneficiaries, and family members in gathering declarations, probate and trust documents, and correspondence demonstrating the decedent’s intent. When circumstances require court intervention, we draft persuasive petitions, coordinate factual support, and handle procedural matters so clients can focus on resolving the underlying estate issues with minimal disruption.
A Heggstad petition asks a court to confirm that a particular asset was intended to be owned by a trust despite being titled elsewhere at the time of the decedent’s death. The proceeding centers on the decedent’s intent and the surrounding facts, such as draft deeds, transfer instructions, trust provisions, and communications with lawyers or family members. Courts review declarations from witnesses and the trustee, documentation showing steps taken toward transfer, and any evidence of deadlines or errors. Successful petitions require a coherent narrative tying the asset to the trust and demonstrating that the decedent intended trust ownership.
Because Heggstad petitions are fact-centered, the timing and content of evidence matter. Courts look for contemporaneous documents, executed instruments, and credible testimony from those involved in trust funding conversations. Filing a petition typically involves preparing a verified petition, supporting declarations, and a proposed order. It may also include notifying interested parties and handling any objections or competing claims. Our role is to organize the evidence, explain legal standards to clients, and present the petition in a way that focuses the court on the primary question of intent and the legal authority to transfer the asset to the trustee.
A Heggstad petition seeks a judicial determination that an asset should be treated as part of a trust because the decedent intended that result. This remedy is rooted in California case law and helps address situations where administrative oversights, timing issues, or clerical errors left property titled in a decedent’s name rather than the trust. The petition asks the court to correct title, authorize the trustee to manage or distribute the asset under the trust, and thereby avoid full probate. The remedy focuses on aligning legal title with the decedent’s documented plan while protecting the rights of interested parties.
When a court evaluates a Heggstad petition it considers evidence of the decedent’s intent to place the asset into the trust, steps actually taken to effectuate the transfer, and any obstacles that prevented formal transfer. Common elements include a signed trust agreement, draft deeds or transfer forms, correspondence with counsel, bank or title company notes, and declarations from witnesses. The petition must show that the trustee or beneficiaries have a legitimate claim and that transferring the asset is consistent with the trust terms. Preparing a thorough factual record and clear legal argument is essential to persuade the court.
Understanding common terms helps demystify the petition process. Definitions include ‘trust funding’ which refers to transferring title or ownership of assets into a trust, ‘trustee’ who is authorized to hold and manage trust property, and ‘probate’ meaning the court-supervised administration of a decedent’s estate. Other terms like ‘declaration,’ ‘verified petition,’ and ‘order’ describe documents used during proceedings. Knowing these terms makes it easier to gather relevant paperwork and follow the procedural steps, and it helps family members and trustees understand the evidence the court will consider when deciding the petition.
Trust funding refers to the process of transferring ownership or title of assets into a trust so that those assets are governed by the trust instrument rather than by probate. Funding can involve recorded deeds for real property, retitling of financial accounts, beneficiary designations for retirement accounts and insurance policies, and assignments for personal property. In cases where funding was incomplete at death, a Heggstad petition asks the court to treat the asset as trust property based on the decedent’s intent. Clear evidence that the decedent intended the trust to own the asset is central to successful petitions.
A verified petition is a sworn written request to the court that includes factual statements supported by declarations or affidavits. In the context of a Heggstad petition, the verified petition sets out the legal basis for relief, identifies the asset at issue, and summarizes the evidence showing the decedent’s intent to transfer the asset into the trust. Supporting declarations typically come from the trustee, witnesses, or professionals who assisted with estate planning. The verification adds weight to the petition by placing the petitioner’s assertions under oath, which the court will consider when deciding whether to grant the requested relief.
The trustee is the individual or entity named in a trust document with authority to administer trust property, manage assets, and distribute them according to the trust terms. In a Heggstad petition, the trustee often brings the action or supports the petition to obtain court recognition that specific assets belong to the trust. The trustee’s declarations and records of actions taken to fund the trust can be pivotal. The trustee must act in the interests of beneficiaries and present a factual record that establishes the decedent’s intent to place the property into the trust.
Probate avoidance refers to the goal of resolving asset transfers without subjecting those assets to probate court administration. A successful Heggstad petition can achieve probate avoidance for a specific asset by obtaining a court declaration that it belongs to the trust, enabling trustee management under trust terms. Avoiding probate helps preserve privacy, can reduce court fees and administration time, and provides beneficiaries with a smoother transition. The petition process itself is a judicial proceeding, but it is often more limited in scope and cost than full probate administration for an estate.
When an asset remains in the decedent’s name, families must consider whether to pursue a Heggstad petition, open probate, or use other remedies such as transfer on death arrangements if available. A Heggstad petition is focused and seeks to align title with a trust based on intent and supporting evidence. Probate is broader, involving formal administration of the estate and distribution under the will or intestacy rules, with attendant timelines and fees. The right choice depends on the asset value, evidence of intent, the complexity of the estate, and family circumstances. We help evaluate options and choose the least disruptive path.
A limited Heggstad petition can succeed when there is clear documentary evidence indicating the decedent intended the asset to be trust property. Such evidence could include copies of the trust showing relevant provisions, draft deeds, correspondence with a legal advisor instructing transfer, or account change forms that were prepared but not completed. When these materials create a convincing factual narrative, a court may grant a petition to transfer title into the trust, allowing administration under trust terms without commencing a full probate administration. The focused route is often quicker and less expensive than opening probate.
When beneficiaries and potential heirs agree on how an asset should be treated, a streamlined petition can address title issues with minimal contention. Voluntary cooperation shortens proceedings and reduces the likelihood of contested hearings. If the trustee, beneficiaries, and any other interested parties consent or do not oppose the petition, the court can weigh the undisputed evidence of intent and enter an order transferring the asset to the trust. Cooperation also lowers legal costs for everyone and preserves family relationships during resolution of post-death transfer matters.
Comprehensive representation is advisable when ownership is disputed, title issues are complex, or multiple parties assert competing claims to the same asset. In such situations, additional factual investigation, third-party subpoenas, or title searches may be necessary to establish the right outcome. Litigation over a Heggstad petition can touch on prior transfers, contractual obligations, or claims by creditors, and thorough legal and procedural handling reduces the risk of unexpected outcomes. Coordinating discovery, drafting pleadings, and preparing witnesses ensures the client’s position is presented fully to the court.
When the asset at issue is one of several that were not properly retitled, or when unresolved trust issues overlap with estate administration, a comprehensive approach helps manage all related matters together. Handling interconnected claims, accounting for assets, and resolving beneficiary disputes in a coordinated way avoids piecemeal litigation and inconsistent results. Broad legal support can include simultaneous petitions, trust accountings, or petitions to modify trust terms where appropriate, offering an organized path to restore the estate plan’s intended distribution and protect beneficiaries’ interests.
A comprehensive approach to post-death asset issues helps ensure that all legal avenues and potential complications are addressed together. This method reduces the risk that an unanticipated title defect or creditor claim will derail a later transfer. By documenting the decedent’s intent, resolving disputes proactively, and coordinating filings, clients gain a clearer path to administer the estate or trust as intended. A thorough legal review also identifies secondary issues, such as beneficiary designations, retirement account assignments, and insurance policy titling, that may need attention to complete the estate plan effectively.
Comprehensive handling can also preserve family relationships by reducing repeated court appearances and minimizing surprises. When a single legal team manages related petitions and accountings, the process is more predictable and efficient. Consolidated representation allows for strategic decisions about settlement, mediation, or litigation depending on the level of disagreement among interested parties. The outcome is often greater procedural certainty, clearer documentation of transfers, and a smoother transition of assets under the trust administrator’s direction.
A comprehensive legal approach helps eliminate loose ends that might give rise to future disputes among heirs and beneficiaries. Addressing all title defects, beneficiary issues, and account retitling proactively reduces the opportunity for later claims challenging the distribution of assets. Courts tend to favor complete, well-documented petitions that present an orderly record. By resolving potential conflicts and clarifying trustee authority in one coordinated effort, families can avoid multiple proceedings and minimize legal costs over time, while ensuring that the decedent’s plan is implemented consistently.
Although comprehensive representation may involve a broader scope up front, it often yields cost savings by avoiding duplicated efforts and multiple court filings. Handling related matters together streamlines evidence collection, witness preparation, and document drafting. This coordinated approach can shorten the overall timeline for resolution and reduce cumulative attorney and court costs compared with addressing each deficiency separately. Clients benefit from a single strategy that prioritizes efficient resolution while protecting legal rights and achieving the estate’s intended distribution.
Begin by collecting the trust document, any draft deeds, correspondence with the drafting attorney or title company, bank or account forms, and records showing attempts to retitle assets. Statements from professionals involved and contemporaneous notes can provide persuasive evidence of the decedent’s intent. Organizing these materials early makes it easier to prepare a coherent petition and reduces delays. Timely collection also preserves records that might otherwise be lost or degraded over time, strengthening the factual foundation needed to persuade the court to treat the asset as trust property.
When family members or potential heirs disagree about whether an asset should be treated as trust property, mediation can be a constructive first step. A neutral mediator can facilitate dialogue, narrow contested issues, and often produce a settlement that avoids extended litigation. Mediation tends to be less formal, less adversarial, and can preserve relationships better than contested court hearings. If mediation fails, well-documented mediation efforts can still inform the record and demonstrate good faith attempts to resolve disputes before the court intervenes with a formal petition or contested proceeding.
Residents often pursue a Heggstad petition when an intended trust transfer was incomplete but the decedent clearly intended trust ownership. This remedy can protect privacy by avoiding public probate proceedings and can speed resolution for beneficiaries. It is appropriate when the asset is significant enough to warrant court action but where full probate would be unnecessarily time-consuming or costly. The petition helps align legal title with estate planning documents and can be a practical way to effectuate the decedent’s plan without administrative overhead associated with probate.
Families also consider this service to correct clerical or administrative oversights, such as a deed that was never recorded or a bank account that was not retitled. When timely evidence exists showing the decedent’s intention, the petition provides a focused remedy to transfer the asset into the trust. This process allows trustees to manage and distribute the property under trust terms, which can be faster and less expensive than probate, while still providing notice to interested parties and an opportunity to be heard if disputes arise.
Typical circumstances include an unrecorded deed for real estate, a bank or brokerage account left in the decedent’s name, or an asset the decedent intended to assign to the trust but never retitled. Other situations arise when draft documents indicate intent but no final transfer occurred, or when administrative mistakes left property incorrectly titled. Heggstad petitions are also used when a trustee needs clear authority to manage or sell an asset that was overlooked during trust funding, thereby bringing the asset under the trust administrator’s control without opening a full probate estate.
A common scenario involves real property where a deed was prepared or signed but not recorded before the decedent’s death, leaving title in the decedent’s name. In these cases, a Heggstad petition seeks a court order recognizing that the property should be treated as trust property based on the decedent’s intent. Supporting evidence may include a signed but unrecorded deed, escrow instructions, communication with a title company, and declarations from witnesses. A successful petition enables the trustee to obtain clear title and administer the property according to the trust.
Bank or investment accounts intended to be retitled in the name of a trust but left in the decedent’s personal name at death can prompt a Heggstad petition. Statements, account transfer forms, beneficiary designation forms, and correspondence with financial institutions can demonstrate intent. When those materials show that steps had been taken or instructions provided, the court may find that the account should be treated as trust property. The result allows the trustee to access and manage those accounts under the trust provisions.
Delays in completing transfers or administrative oversights during estate planning are frequent reasons to seek a Heggstad petition. Whether due to illness, scheduling conflicts, or clerical errors, an intended transfer may not have been finalized before death. Evidence showing the decedent’s plan and any partial actions taken toward the transfer can be assembled to support a petition. The court’s review helps correct the record and place the asset under trust administration consistent with the decedent’s documented wishes.
We handle Heggstad petitions and related trust administration matters for clients in Charter Oak and throughout Los Angeles County. Our office assists trustees and beneficiaries with gathering documentation, preparing verified petitions, coordinating notices to interested parties, and presenting declarations that demonstrate the decedent’s intent to fund the trust. We work to resolve issues efficiently while protecting clients’ legal rights and minimizing costs. Clients can expect clear guidance about the evidence needed and the likely procedural steps, along with practical recommendations for resolving title and funding problems.
Clients come to the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman for practical, solution-focused representation in post-death trust funding matters. We prioritize careful documentation review, clear communication with trustees and family members, and a methodical approach to preparing petitions and supporting declarations. Our team assists in gathering contemporaneous records, coordinating with financial institutions or title companies, and explaining procedural requirements so clients understand each step of the process. We aim to present a persuasive factual record that helps the court resolve title questions efficiently.
When matters become contested, we provide assertive representation to protect client interests while exploring options for resolution outside the courtroom. We prepare thorough petitions, handle service and notice obligations, and respond to objections or competing claims. Our goal is to achieve an outcome consistent with the decedent’s documented intent and the trustee’s authority to manage trust assets. Throughout the process we keep clients informed about timelines, potential costs, and likely outcomes so they can weigh settlement versus litigation options thoughtfully.
We also assist with related estate planning tasks that often arise during Heggstad matters, such as ensuring remaining assets are properly titled, updating beneficiary designations, and preparing pour-over wills or additional trust amendments when appropriate. Addressing these items together reduces future complications and helps align the estate’s administration with the decedent’s wishes. Our office provides practical recommendations for completing trust funding steps so families can avoid similar issues for future generations and ensure greater predictability in estate administration.
Our process begins with an initial review of trust documents, deeds, account statements, and any communications indicating the decedent’s intent to fund the trust. We then advise on the evidence needed and assist in collecting declarations from trustees, witnesses, and professionals. Next steps typically include drafting a verified petition, preparing exhibits, serving interested parties, and filing with the appropriate superior court. If objections arise, we handle responses and represent clients in hearings. Throughout, we emphasize efficient fact development and clear legal argument to support a favorable outcome.
The first phase focuses on assembling a complete factual record that supports the decedent’s intent to transfer the asset into the trust. This includes gathering the trust instrument, any draft or recorded deeds, account documents, correspondence, notes from meetings with advisors, and relevant communications among family members. Declarations from those with direct knowledge of the decedent’s intent are drafted to explain actions taken and why the transfer was not completed. Accurate chronology and corroborating documents make the petition stronger and clarify the issues for the court.
Identifying and preserving evidence means securing original or copy documents and preserving electronic communication that reflects the decedent’s plans. We request records from banks, title companies, and advisors if needed, and advise clients on preserving witness recollections while they remain fresh. Proper preservation reduces the risk of missing proof and helps present a convincing narrative to the court. We also review chain-of-title and account histories to ensure the asset description in the petition is accurate and unambiguous.
Witness declarations provide sworn statements from trustees, family members, or professionals who can attest to the decedent’s intent and the circumstances preventing formal transfer. These declarations should be detailed and consistent, describing conversations, documents prepared, and actions taken toward funding the trust. Declarations often include a chronology of events and references to specific exhibits. Crafting clear, persuasive declarations helps the court evaluate the credibility of the petition and the connection between the decedent’s intent and the asset in question.
After evidence is gathered, we prepare the verified petition, supporting declarations, and a proposed order for the court. The petition identifies the asset, describes the factual basis for the requested relief, and cites relevant legal authority. Exhibits such as the trust instrument, draft deeds, and correspondence are attached to support assertions. We also handle required notices to interested parties and ensure procedural compliance with local court rules. Proper filing practices improve the chance of efficient resolution and reduce the risk of procedural defects that could delay the case.
Drafting the verified petition involves setting out a clear statement of facts, identifying the petitioner and interested parties, and explaining the legal justification for treating the asset as trust property. The petition must be precise in describing the asset and must attach documentary support. A proposed order is often included to assist the court. Careful drafting helps focus the court on the central issue and reduces the opportunity for procedural objections. We ensure all filings comply with court formatting and verification requirements.
Proper service and notice are essential to any petition proceeding, and we handle these steps in accordance with court rules. Interested parties who have a legal stake in the asset must be notified, giving them the opportunity to respond or appear. Completing service correctly prevents disputes over jurisdiction or notice and allows the court to move forward on a reliable record. We prepare the necessary proof of service and track responses, addressing any challenges to service that might affect the court’s ability to consider the petition.
If no objections are filed, the court may grant the petition based on the submitted record and enter an order transferring the asset to the trustee. If objections arise, the matter may proceed to a hearing where declarations and testimony are presented. After the court issues an order, we take follow-up steps such as recording deeds, updating title records, and notifying institutions of the order so the trustee can take control of the asset. Proper follow-through ensures the court’s decision translates into practical control and administration under the trust.
When objections are filed, we prepare responsive pleadings, gather additional evidence, and represent the client at hearings. The focus remains on demonstrating the decedent’s intent and addressing competing claims. At hearing, declarations are subject to cross-examination if contested, and we prepare witnesses accordingly. Our goal is to present a coherent, evidence-based case that supports the petition while protecting client interests. If settlement is possible, we pursue negotiated resolutions that avoid protracted litigation.
Once the court issues an order recognizing the asset as trust property, we implement the order by taking steps such as recording deeds, notifying banks and title companies, and updating account ownership to reflect the trustee’s authority. These actions convert the court’s declaration into practical control, allowing the trustee to manage, sell, or distribute the asset under the trust terms. Proper implementation prevents future title disputes and completes the transition from estate administration concerns to trust administration in accordance with the decedent’s plan.
A Heggstad petition is a court proceeding asking the judge to declare that a specific asset should be treated as trust property because the decedent intended it to be held in the trust despite incomplete formal transfer. It is appropriate when there is credible evidence showing intent, such as draft deeds, correspondence, account transfer forms, or declarations from witnesses who observed the decedent taking steps to fund the trust. The petition focuses strictly on the title of the asset and whether it should be managed under the trust terms rather than through probate. The remedy is particularly useful for assets that were overlooked at death but for which documentation of intent exists. The petition avoids the broader and more public probate process if successful, and enables the trustee to administer the asset under the trust. Courts will weigh the factual record and consider objections, so careful evidence assembly is essential to a favorable outcome.
Timing varies depending on the complexity of the factual record and whether objections are raised. If the petition is uncontested and supported by clear documents and declarations, courts may issue an order in a matter of weeks to a few months, depending on local court schedules. When matters are contested or additional discovery is necessary, the process can extend for several months or longer. Preparing a strong initial filing and addressing procedural requirements promptly helps minimize delays. The firm assists clients by organizing evidence and complying with court procedures to improve the chance of efficient resolution. We also advise on interim steps to preserve evidence and protect the client’s position while the petition proceeds, such as requesting temporary relief or coordinating with title companies pending the court’s decision.
Courts look for documentation and credible testimony that show the decedent intended the asset for the trust. Useful items include the trust agreement, draft or signed deeds, bank or brokerage transfer forms, signed assignments, correspondence with advisors or title companies, and contemporaneous notes that describe the planned transfer. Declarations from the trustee, family members, or professionals who participated in planning or discussed transfers can provide context and corroboration for the documentary record. The more specific and contemporaneous the evidence, the stronger the petition. Courts evaluate the totality of the evidence, including any steps actually taken to transfer the asset and explanations for why transfer was incomplete. A coherent timeline and consistent witness statements help the court reach a finding in favor of the trust.
Yes, beneficiaries and other interested parties may oppose a Heggstad petition if they believe the asset should not be treated as trust property or if they contest the decedent’s intent. When objections are filed, the court will schedule a response or a hearing and may require additional evidence or testimony. Oppositions can be based on competing claims, concerns about creditor rights, or disputes over the authenticity or sufficiency of supporting documents. When opposition arises, it is often productive to seek resolution through negotiation or mediation, but if litigation continues, thorough preparation for court is necessary. We assist clients in responding to objections by gathering further documentation, preparing witnesses for examination, and presenting legal arguments that explain why the petition should be granted.
A Heggstad petition can avoid probate for the specific asset addressed by the petition if the court finds that the asset belongs to the trust. However, it does not automatically avoid probate for unrelated assets that remain in the decedent’s name. If multiple assets were not retitled, individual petitions or other estate administration steps may be necessary. The petition is a targeted remedy designed to correct title for particular property rather than a blanket substitute for probate in all cases. For clients seeking broad probate avoidance, a comprehensive review of the estate and trust funding is advisable to identify remaining retitling needs, beneficiary designations, and any assets requiring additional action. Addressing all items together reduces the chance of future probate matters arising from overlooked property.
Costs vary based on the complexity of evidence gathering, whether the petition is contested, and local court filing fees. An uncontested petition with clear documentation will generally be less costly than contested litigation requiring discovery, subpoenas, or multiple hearings. Fees typically include attorney time to gather and review documents, prepare the petition and declarations, serve interested parties, and file with the court, along with any court or recording fees needed to finalize transfers. We provide transparent estimates and explain factors that influence costs so clients can make informed decisions. Early organization of documents and prompt handling of service and notice requirements helps control expenses and reduce the time the matter remains unresolved.
Start by securing the original trust document, any draft or signed deeds, account statements, escrow papers, and correspondence with attorneys or title companies. Preserve electronic communications and ask potential witnesses to record their recollections promptly so details are not lost over time. Early preservation of evidence strengthens the factual record and supports a persuasive petition. Avoid making hasty transfers or agreements that could complicate matters; instead, seek legal guidance to determine the best next steps. Contact a law firm experienced in trust administration and Heggstad petitions to schedule an initial review. A legal consultation helps identify what additional evidence is needed and outlines the petition process, timelines, and potential outcomes based on the facts. Prompt action preserves options and protects the trustee’s ability to pursue appropriate relief.
Yes, a trustee can file a Heggstad petition on behalf of the trust to obtain a court order recognizing that an asset belongs to the trust. Trustees are often the appropriate parties to seek this relief because they have responsibility to administer trust property and to protect beneficiaries’ interests. The trustee’s verified petition should include supporting declarations and exhibits that demonstrate the decedent’s intent and show why the asset should be transferred into trust management. When trustees act, they must follow procedural requirements and provide notice to interested parties. Trustees should take care to gather thorough evidence and consult legal counsel to ensure the petition is properly prepared, that service is completed correctly, and that the trustee’s duties to beneficiaries are upheld during the process.
If the court denies a Heggstad petition, the asset remains in its current legal status and other options may need exploration. Denial can result from insufficient evidence of intent, competing claims with greater legal weight, or procedural defects in the petition. When a petition is denied, parties can discuss alternatives, including initiating a probate proceeding, seeking additional evidence and refiling, or negotiating settlements with interested parties to resolve ownership without further litigation. A denial does not necessarily end the matter; often additional investigation or evidence can address the court’s concerns, but the costs and benefits of pursuing further action must be weighed. Consulting with legal counsel about next steps and options is important to protect client interests and determine the most practical path forward.
Filing a Heggstad petition involves court filings and notices that become part of the court record, but the proceeding is typically narrower than a full probate administration. One benefit is that resolving title issues through a petition can avoid the broader disclosures often associated with probate, preserving more privacy for estate details. Nevertheless, interested parties are notified and may participate, so the process is not entirely private and involves public filings related to the specific petition. Where privacy is a concern, pursuing a focused petition rather than opening probate can limit public exposure to the specific asset at issue. We discuss privacy implications with clients and advise on steps to protect personal information while complying with notification and court requirements.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas