If you are considering changes to an existing trust in East Pasadena, a trust modification petition may be the path to achieve your goals. This process addresses adjustments to trust terms, trustees, distributions, or to correct provisions that no longer reflect the grantor’s intentions. Whether circumstances have changed due to family events, tax law updates, or errors in drafting, a formally filed petition to modify a trust helps ensure changes are legally recognized and properly recorded. Working through a petition safeguards beneficiary interests while following California trust and probate procedures to provide a clear, enforceable outcome.
Navigating trust modification requires a careful review of the trust instrument and applicable state law to determine the correct legal route. Some modifications are achievable by agreement among interested parties, while others require court approval when beneficiaries disagree or when the change involves material alterations. Our approach focuses on explaining the available options, potential consequences, and the procedural steps needed in Los Angeles County courts. We help clients balance the desire for change with the need for legal certainty, seeking resolutions that preserve family relationships and financial intentions under California law.
A trust modification petition provides a formal mechanism to update or correct a trust so it reflects current circumstances and intentions. Using a petition can prevent disputes among beneficiaries by clarifying ambiguous terms, addressing changes in family dynamics, and resolving administrative mistakes. It also enables adjustments for tax planning, removal or replacement of trustees, or to accommodate a beneficiary’s special needs. When handled carefully, a petition preserves the integrity of the trust document while minimizing the risk of future litigation, giving trustees and beneficiaries a clear path forward that aligns with the grantor’s revised objectives under California law.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assists clients with estate planning matters across California, including trust modifications in Los Angeles County. Our team draws on long experience in trust and probate matters to guide clients through legal options while focusing on practical outcomes. From initial review of trust documents to negotiating with interested parties and filing petitions when needed, we aim to provide clear communication and steady representation. We work to protect clients’ rights, explain court procedures, and resolve disputes efficiently so families can move forward with confidence and legally enforceable trust arrangements.
A trust modification petition is a formal request to the court to change terms of a trust when modifications cannot be achieved by agreement alone or when court confirmation is required. Reasons for filing vary and can include correcting drafting errors, adapting to changed circumstances, removing or appointing trustees, or resolving ambiguities that affect administration. The court considers the grantor’s intent, the trust language, and the interests of beneficiaries when deciding whether to grant a petition. Proper evidence and legal reasoning are necessary to obtain approval and establish a revised trust that conforms to California law and the grantor’s intent.
Before filing a petition, it is common to attempt negotiation among trustees and beneficiaries to reach a settlement that can be formalized without court involvement. When negotiations are not possible or when public record of the change is needed, a petition ensures modifications are entered into the official court record. The process may involve hearings, evidence from interested parties, and legal argument demonstrating why the proposed modification is consistent with the trust’s purpose and the grantor’s intent. Understanding these procedural elements helps clients set realistic timelines and expectations for resolution.
A trust modification petition asks the probate court to authorize changes to an existing trust that cannot otherwise be made or that need judicial approval to prevent later challenges. This includes petitions to reform a trust due to mistake, to modify terms because of changed circumstances, or to remove or appoint fiduciaries. The petition outlines why the modification is appropriate and what relief the court should grant. California statutes and case law provide the legal framework for petitions, and courts weigh the petition’s rationale, supporting evidence, and the protections afforded to beneficiaries before issuing an order.
Trust modification petitions generally involve document review, identification of parties with a legal interest, drafting of the petition with factual and legal support, filing and service on interested parties, and court hearings if disputes arise. Evidence may include the original trust, prior amendments, declarations explaining the grantor’s intent, and records of communications among parties. Courts will scrutinize the requested changes to ensure they align with the trust’s purpose and legal standards. The process can conclude with a court order approving the modification, which then becomes part of the trust record and guides future administration.
Understanding commonly used terms helps demystify the petition process. Terms such as grantor, trustee, beneficiary, reformation, modification, and decanting each carry specific legal meanings that affect the available remedies and procedures. Familiarity with these concepts helps clients understand notices, filings, and court orders. Clear definitions assist in evaluating whether a trust can be amended by agreement or whether court involvement is necessary. This section provides straightforward explanations so parties can better participate in discussions and decisions about proposed changes to trust documents in California.
Grantor refers to the person who created and funded the trust originally. The grantor sets the initial terms and objectives of the trust, including beneficiaries and trustee powers. When a grantor is alive, some trusts allow the grantor to amend or revoke the trust directly; other trusts lock in terms upon creation. If the grantor is unavailable or deceased, modifications typically require agreements among interested parties or court approval. Understanding the grantor’s intent is central to any petition seeking to reform or modify trust provisions under state law.
Reformation is a legal remedy that allows a court to correct the terms of a trust when the written document fails to reflect the grantor’s true intent due to mistake or drafting error. To obtain reformation, petitioners present evidence demonstrating the intended terms and the error that produced the incorrect language. The court then amends the trust document to reflect what the grantor actually intended, preserving the trust’s purpose while fixing drafting problems. Reformation is often used to correct ambiguous provisions that would otherwise create administration difficulties or disputes among beneficiaries.
A trustee is the individual or institution responsible for administering the trust according to its terms and applicable law. Trustees manage assets, make distributions to beneficiaries, maintain records, and fulfill fiduciary duties. If a trustee cannot or should not continue in that role, a petition may request removal and replacement. The court evaluates trustee conduct and the best interests of beneficiaries when considering changes. Trustee decisions during a modification process should aim for transparency and compliance with the trust instrument and California fiduciary obligations.
A beneficiary is a person or entity entitled to receive benefits or distributions under the trust. Beneficiaries have legal rights to information about trust administration and may challenge modifications that adversely affect their interests. When petitioning for a trust modification, it is necessary to identify and notify beneficiaries so they can respond or object. Courts balance the rights of beneficiaries with the grantor’s intent and the proper administration of the trust when ruling on petitions, ensuring that modifications do not unfairly prejudice those who rely on trust provisions.
When changes to a trust are needed, parties can pursue informal agreement, reformation by mutual consent with appropriate documentation, or a formal court petition. Informal agreements can be faster and less costly but require all interested parties to concur. Reformation by agreement can correct mistakes when beneficiaries and trustees cooperate. Court petitions provide a definitive, legally enforceable resolution when there is disagreement or when judicial approval is preferred for public record. Each route has tradeoffs in time, expense, and certainty, and the right choice depends on the nature of the change and the parties involved.
When issues are strictly administrative, such as correcting a misspelled name, updating contact information, or clarifying distribution timing, parties can often resolve changes without court involvement. If beneficiaries and trustees agree on the correction and the trust permits ministerial amendments, formal recording through a written amendment or restatement may suffice. This approach minimizes legal costs and delays and preserves family relationships by avoiding adversarial filings. Documentation should be thorough and executed according to the trust’s amendment provisions to prevent later disputes or unintended consequences.
When all beneficiaries and trustees can reach consensus on the proposed changes, they may execute a written amendment or a trust restatement to reflect the agreed terms. Such collaborative solutions are often faster and less expensive than court proceedings and maintain privacy because they do not create public court records. The agreement should be documented clearly and in compliance with the trust’s amendment requirements. Even when parties agree, consulting legal counsel ensures that the modifications are enforceable and that unintended tax or legal consequences are avoided.
When beneficiaries disagree or when trustees and beneficiaries cannot reach a mutually acceptable amendment, court action may be necessary to resolve conflicts and clarify trust terms. A petition filed with the probate court provides a structured process for presenting evidence, evaluating competing positions, and obtaining an enforceable order. This route helps protect the rights of all parties and prevents unresolved disputes from impairing trust administration. Formal legal guidance ensures procedural requirements are met and that arguments are framed effectively for court consideration.
When requested changes go beyond minor edits and affect the substance of distributions, trustee powers, or beneficiary designations, judicial oversight may be necessary to ensure the modification reflects the grantor’s intent and complies with statutory standards. Ambiguities in the trust document that could lead to competing interpretations are another reason to seek a court’s ruling. Courts can issue orders reforming or modifying trust terms in a way that minimizes future disputes and provides a clear directive for trustees charged with carrying out the grantor’s plan.
A comprehensive approach combines careful legal analysis, clear documentation, and appropriate court filings when necessary to ensure that trust changes are durable and enforceable. This method reduces the risk of future litigation by addressing potential objections up front, providing a clear factual record, and securing judicial approval when parties cannot agree. It also helps prevent unintended tax consequences or administrative complications by aligning the modification with California trust law and relevant financial considerations. The end result is a trust arrangement that better reflects current needs and remains reliable for trustees and beneficiaries.
Comprehensive handling of trust modifications includes thoughtful communication with beneficiaries, careful drafting of proposed amendments, and meticulous filing of required documents and notices. When court oversight is invoked, having a complete evidentiary record and persuasive legal argument increases the likelihood of a favorable ruling. This approach prioritizes long-term clarity and stability in trust administration, which can prevent repeated disputes and help trustees fulfill their fiduciary duties with confidence. It also provides beneficiaries with greater assurance that their interests were considered in a transparent process.
One of the primary benefits of a comprehensive approach is obtaining legal certainty through court-issued orders when necessary. An enforceable order resolves disagreements and establishes a clear interpretation of trust terms, minimizing future disputes. This certainty benefits trustees by providing explicit directives for administration and distributions, and it reassures beneficiaries that changes have been reviewed and approved under applicable law. When the court records an approved modification, the trust’s revised provisions take on weight and reduce ambiguity for all parties involved.
A thorough process protects beneficiary interests by ensuring that proposed changes are evaluated against the trust’s purposes and the grantor’s intent. It also helps trustees meet their fiduciary obligations by documenting decisions and following proper procedures for notice and service. When changes are contested, a careful legal approach ensures the court considers all perspectives and that any order protects beneficiaries from unfair treatment. This protection supports more stable, compliant trust administration going forward and reduces the chance of later challenges to the trust’s validity.
Before initiating any modification effort, compile the original trust document, all amendments, related wills, beneficiary lists, trustee communications, and financial records. This documentation provides a clear picture of how the trust has been administered and highlights any inconsistencies or drafting errors. Having complete records also makes it easier to identify interested parties who must be notified and to prepare the factual showing required if the matter proceeds to court. Thorough documentation saves time and strengthens the planning or petition strategy.
Before moving forward with a petition, assess alternatives and potential consequences, including tax implications, impacts on beneficiary eligibility for public benefits, and how changes may affect long-term family goals. In some cases, alternatives like a separate agreement among beneficiaries or a targeted amendment can achieve objectives with less disruption. Weighing options and planning carefully helps ensure the chosen route aligns with financial and personal priorities. Preparing for likely responses from beneficiaries and anticipating objections also improves the likelihood of a favorable outcome.
Life events, such as remarriage, divorce, births, deaths, or changes in financial circumstances, often prompt reconsideration of trust provisions. A modification petition can address situations where the original trust no longer serves its intended purpose or where an error in drafting prevents proper administration. Trustees may also need court authorization to resolve ambiguities or to make changes that affect distributions or management of assets. Pursuing a petition can protect the integrity of the estate plan by ensuring legal recognition of adjustments needed to reflect current realities and the grantor’s intent.
Another reason to consider a petition is when trustees face practical problems administering the trust due to unclear instructions or missing powers. Court intervention can provide authority to act, clarify powers, or permit modifications for efficient administration. Additionally, if there are concerns about fiduciary conduct or a need to replace a trustee, a petition is a formal way to resolve those issues. Seeking legal guidance early helps identify the right remedy and prepares a persuasive record demonstrating why the change is appropriate under California law.
Typical circumstances include correcting drafting mistakes, addressing changed family circumstances, substituting trustees, clarifying ambiguous language, removing unintended beneficiaries, or adapting the trust for tax or benefit eligibility reasons. Each situation presents distinct legal and practical considerations. For example, modifications to preserve public benefits or to address special needs require sensitive planning. Understanding how courts evaluate proposed changes helps interested parties choose the path that best preserves the grantor’s plan while protecting beneficiary rights and ensuring smooth trust administration.
Drafting mistakes or unclear language in a trust document may prevent trustees from carrying out the grantor’s intended distributions or powers. When ambiguity impedes administration, a petition to reform or modify the trust can correct the record so trustees have clear guidance. Courts often require evidence demonstrating the intended meaning or the nature of the mistake. Addressing these issues promptly reduces the risk of conflicting interpretations and prolonged disputes among beneficiaries, enabling the trust to function as intended.
Life changes such as births, deaths, marriages, divorces, or significant shifts in asset composition can render trust provisions outdated. A petition can realign distributions, add or remove beneficiaries, or update trustee powers to reflect current needs. For families with changing dynamics or assets that now require different management, modifying the trust helps maintain the original spirit of the plan while adapting to new realities. This approach ensures the trust continues to serve the grantor’s objectives in an evolving context.
If a trustee becomes unable or unwilling to serve, or if administration requires powers not granted in the trust, a petition can seek appointment of a new trustee or authorization for specific actions. Courts consider the best interests of beneficiaries when deciding trustee changes and may require evidence of necessity or authority to act. Addressing trustee issues through the court provides a clear transition and formal authorization, which helps maintain continuity in management and protects beneficiaries from administrative lapses.
Residents of East Pasadena and nearby communities can obtain assistance throughout the trust modification process, from initial review to court filings and representation at hearings. We help identify the most appropriate route for your situation, whether negotiation, documentation of agreement, or filing a petition with the Los Angeles County probate court. Our office provides practical guidance tailored to local procedures and timelines, helping clients understand notice requirements, evidentiary needs, and potential outcomes so they can make informed decisions that protect family interests and estate plans.
Our practice emphasizes clear communication, careful document review, and practical solutions that reflect each client’s priorities. We assist clients in weighing options, preparing persuasive documentation, and pursuing the path best suited to their goals. Whether negotiating agreements among beneficiaries or presenting a petition in court, our approach is focused on achieving outcomes that are legally sound and attuned to family dynamics. Clients benefit from thoughtful planning and responsive representation tailored to trust modification matters in Los Angeles County.
We prioritize preparing a thorough factual and legal record to support requested changes, including gathering relevant documents, drafting clear proposed amendments, and advising on notice and service obligations. When court involvement is necessary, sound preparation and effective advocacy increase prospects for a favorable ruling. Our guidance helps trustees meet obligations while giving beneficiaries transparent information about proposed adjustments. The result is a structured process that seeks practical resolutions while upholding legal standards for trust modifications in California.
Clients also benefit from practical advice on related matters, such as the effects of modifications on tax planning, eligibility for public benefits, and long-term asset management. We work to anticipate consequences and propose solutions that minimize unintended impacts. Throughout the process, we maintain open lines of communication so clients understand progress and next steps. Our goal is to deliver steady assistance through each stage of a modification, balancing legal rigor with attention to the personal matters often intertwined with trust changes.
Our process begins with a comprehensive review of existing trust instruments and related documents to determine whether modification by agreement is possible or whether court action is advisable. We identify interested parties, evaluate legal grounds for a petition, and outline potential remedies and timelines. If negotiation is viable, we help prepare clear amendment documents and handle notices. If a petition is necessary, we draft pleadings, coordinate service, and prepare supporting declarations and exhibits. We strive to keep clients informed and prepared for hearings or settlement discussions throughout the proceeding.
The first stage focuses on collecting and analyzing the trust document, amendments, related estate planning instruments, and records of trust administration. We assess whether the trust contains express amendment powers, identify parties who must be included, and determine any statutory requirements. This assessment clarifies whether a simple amendment, reformation by agreement, or a court petition is the most appropriate path. Early planning sets expectations on timeline and potential obstacles, and helps craft a targeted strategy to address the specific issues at hand.
A careful review identifies ambiguities, conflicting provisions, and evidence of the grantor’s intent that may support a modification. We examine previous amendments, beneficiary communications, trustee decisions, and any relevant financial records. This review is essential to determine the best legal theory for reform or amendment and to prepare declarations and exhibits if a court petition becomes necessary. The goal is to develop a clear factual narrative that supports the requested change while anticipating likely questions or objections from interested parties.
Identifying and providing required notice to all interested parties is a key part of the process. Beneficiaries, trustees, and certain contingent parties must receive notice of proposed modifications or petitions, and failure to serve these parties can delay or invalidate proceedings. We determine who must be noticed under California law, prepare service documents, and handle filing requirements. Proper notice gives parties an opportunity to respond and helps ensure any court order will be binding and enforceable against all affected individuals and entities.
After initial planning, we attempt to resolve disputes through negotiation and documentation when possible. If all parties agree, we draft amendment documents and record them in accordance with trust provisions. If agreement is not possible, we prepare and file a petition with the probate court outlining the requested changes and supporting evidence. Filing initiates the formal process, including service to interested parties and scheduling of hearings. Throughout this stage, we focus on efficient resolution while protecting client interests and responding to opposition strategically.
When beneficiaries and trustees reach consensus, we draft clear amendments or restatements reflecting the agreement, ensuring the documents comply with the trust’s amendment provisions and state requirements. Proper execution and notarization, where applicable, help prevent later challenges. Documenting the terms thoroughly and obtaining signatures from all required parties preserves the agreement’s validity and avoids unnecessary court intervention. Even in consensual cases, legal review helps anticipate future issues and structure changes to withstand scrutiny.
If negotiation fails or when judicial approval is preferable, we prepare a formal petition explaining the grounds for modification, supporting facts, and proposed order. The petition is filed in the appropriate Los Angeles County probate court and served on interested parties. Preparation includes assembling declarations, documentary evidence, and legal authorities to justify the requested relief. The filing initiates a court process that may involve hearings, briefing, and potential settlement discussions under court supervision until the matter is resolved by agreement or court order.
Once the petition is filed, the court may set hearings to consider evidence and arguments from all interested parties. At hearings, the court evaluates whether the requested modification is supported by the record and consistent with the grantor’s intent and applicable law. If the court grants the petition, it issues an order reflecting the approved changes. Implementing the court’s order may involve updating trust records, notifying financial institutions, and instructing trustees on administration under the revised terms to ensure the order’s directives are followed in day-to-day trust management.
Court hearings provide a forum for presenting testimony, declarations, and documentary evidence supporting the petition. Interested parties may object, and the court will evaluate credibility, intent, and legal standards to determine whether to grant the requested modification. Preparation for hearings involves organizing evidence, preparing witnesses, and anticipating objections. Clear, well-documented presentations increase the likelihood that the court will view the requested modification as consistent with the trust’s purpose and the grantor’s intent, resulting in a definitive ruling.
After the court issues an order approving a modification, it is important to implement the changes correctly to avoid confusion. This includes updating trust records, providing copies of the order to trustees and financial institutions, and ensuring distributions or trustee powers follow the revised terms. Proper administrative follow-through ensures the court’s decision has practical effect and reduces the chance of future disputes. Trustees should document actions taken in reliance on the order to demonstrate compliance and responsible administration of trust assets.
Courts consider petitions to modify trusts for several reasons, including to reform a trust where the written terms do not reflect the grantor’s actual intent because of mistake, to modify terms due to changed circumstances, or to clarify ambiguous provisions that hinder administration. Other grounds include requests to remove or replace trustees for valid reasons, to adjust distributions when conditions have changed materially, or to correct errors that prevent the trust from operating as intended. The filing should clearly explain the legal basis and provide supporting factual evidence so the court can evaluate the requested change. A successful petition typically includes documentary evidence and declarations explaining the circumstances that justify modification. Evidence may include the original trust, prior amendments, correspondence showing the grantor’s intent, testimony, and financial records. Courts weigh whether the proposed change aligns with the trust’s purpose and whether it protects beneficiary interests. Proper preparation and factual documentation strengthen the petition and help the court reach a well-supported decision that resolves ambiguity and enables clear trust administration.
The timeline for a trust modification petition can vary based on case complexity, the level of dispute among interested parties, and the court’s calendar. In straightforward, uncontested matters it may be possible to complete the process within a few months, especially if the parties reach agreement and file a stipulated order. When disputes require contested hearings, the matter can extend for many months depending on discovery needs and hearing availability in Los Angeles County. Preparing a complete petition and responding quickly to discovery requests or objections helps keep the process moving. Court procedures, mandatory notice periods, and service requirements also affect timing. Each stage—from filing to potential hearings and final order—carries procedural deadlines that must be met, and realistic planning helps clients understand likely timeframes and avoid unnecessary delays.
Beneficiaries who are properly noticed have the right to object to a proposed modification and to present evidence in opposition. Their objections can lead to negotiation, mediation, or a contested hearing where the court decides whether to grant the petition based on the record. If an objection demonstrates that the modification would unfairly prejudice beneficiaries or contradict the grantor’s intent, the court may deny the request. On the other hand, if proponents of the modification present convincing evidence showing that the change aligns with the grantor’s intent or is necessary for proper administration, the court may approve it despite objections. The court’s role is to balance interests and issue an enforceable order that reflects the legal and factual realities presented by all parties.
To support a reformation petition based on a drafting mistake, petitioners typically present the original trust documents, contemporaneous communications, witness declarations, and other evidence showing the grantor’s intended provisions. Evidence may include draft versions, correspondence with the drafter, or affidavits from individuals who discussed the grantor’s intentions. The court looks for clear and convincing evidence that the written trust does not reflect the true agreement due to mistake. Declarations that recount the grantor’s intent, together with consistent documentary corroboration, strengthen the case for reformation. It is important to organize evidence logically, anticipate counterarguments, and explain why reformation best serves the trust’s purpose while protecting beneficiary rights under applicable law.
Yes, court petitions and resulting orders generally become part of the public record, which is a consideration when deciding whether to pursue judicial modification versus a private agreement. A public record can provide legal certainty and prevent future disputes, but it also means the details of the modification and related filings are accessible. For clients valuing privacy, negotiating a consensual amendment and avoiding court filings when possible may be preferable. That said, public orders can be advantageous when parties need formal confirmation to satisfy financial institutions or to provide clear authority to trustees. The benefit of a definitive, enforceable court order must be weighed against privacy concerns when choosing the right approach.
A trustee can be removed through court proceedings when there is a showing that removal is necessary for proper administration or when the trustee is unable or unfit to serve. Grounds for removal may include incapacity, misconduct, conflict of interest, or persistent failure to perform fiduciary duties. The court will evaluate the trustee’s conduct and whether removal serves the best interests of the beneficiaries and the trust’s purposes. Petitioners must present evidence showing why removal is justified under the circumstances. If the court removes a trustee, it may appoint a successor or provide instructions for replacing the trustee consistent with the trust instrument and state law. Proper documentation and a clear demonstration of need facilitate a smooth transition and reduce the chance of protracted disputes, helping to maintain continuity in trust administration.
Alternatives to filing a court petition include negotiating a written amendment or restatement of the trust when all interested parties agree, using mediation to resolve disputes, or pursuing administrative actions permitted by the trust instrument. Collaborative solutions can be quicker and more private, and they avoid court costs and public record. Carefully drafted agreements executed in compliance with the trust’s amendment procedures can provide a practical resolution without judicial intervention. For parties who cannot reach agreement, mediation or settlement discussions facilitated by neutral professionals sometimes resolve issues before a petition becomes necessary. Exploring alternatives early can preserve relationships and reduce costs, but when agreement is not achievable, a formal petition provides the legal path to resolve contested issues definitively.
If an interested party is not properly notified, the court may delay proceedings or set aside any resulting order to ensure the party’s rights were protected. Proper service of notice is a fundamental procedural requirement, and failure to serve notice can create grounds for reopening or challenging the court’s orders. Parties seeking modification must follow statutory notice rules so that all beneficiaries and other interested persons have the opportunity to participate. Ensuring correct identification and service of all interested parties protects the enforceability of any order and prevents the need for later corrective proceedings. Part of preparing a petition includes confirming who must be noticed and documenting service to avoid procedural challenges that could undermine the outcome.
Tax and public benefit consequences are important considerations when evaluating a proposed trust modification, and they should be assessed before finalizing changes. Modifications can affect estate tax exposure, income taxation of trust income, or a beneficiary’s eligibility for means-tested benefits. Consulting with tax counsel or benefit-planning advisors helps identify potential impacts and design changes that minimize adverse results. Reviewing these consequences as part of the planning process allows petitioners to craft modifications that align with broader financial goals and avoid unintended reductions in benefits or unexpected tax liabilities. Integrating legal, financial, and benefits analysis improves the likelihood of a sustainable modification outcome.
After the court approves a trust modification, steps include obtaining certified copies of the order, updating trust records, notifying financial institutions and other relevant parties, and implementing any new distribution or management directives. Trustees should also document actions taken pursuant to the order and ensure compliance with the revised terms. This administrative follow-through ensures the court’s decision has practical effect and provides a clear trail of compliance for future oversight. It may also be necessary to revise related estate planning documents, inform beneficiaries of changes, and coordinate with advisors to reflect the new trust structure for tax and financial planning purposes. Timely and accurate implementation preserves the trust’s purpose and assists trustees in fulfilling their duties under the revised arrangement.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas