A pet trust helps ensure your companion animals are cared for after you are unable to do so, and it is an important part of estate planning for many pet owners in Maywood. At the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman we draft clear, legally enforceable pet trust provisions that appoint caregivers, allocate funds for care, and provide guidance on the animal’s daily routine and medical needs. A thoughtfully prepared pet trust reduces uncertainty and emotional stress for family and caregivers while protecting the well-being of your pets according to your wishes over the long term.
Pet trusts work alongside wills and living trusts to create a complete plan for your animals and other assets. In California, a pet trust can name a trustee to manage funds for the animal’s benefit and designate a caregiver to provide day-to-day care. We help clients consider practical details such as frequency of veterinary care, dietary needs, emergency instructions, and contingency plans if a chosen caregiver cannot perform duties. This ensures the trust functions smoothly and the pet’s standard of living reflects your intentions, minimizing disputes and confusion among family members.
Establishing a pet trust brings peace of mind by creating a legally binding plan that secures your pet’s future needs. A pet trust allows you to allocate funds specifically for care, name a trustee to manage those funds, and direct a caregiver for daily needs. This approach prevents misallocation of resources and reduces the risk of pets ending up in shelters when owners pass away or become incapacitated. Beyond money, pet trusts let you provide instructions about the animal’s living environment, routine, and medical preferences, which preserves the pet’s quality of life and honors your relationship with your companion.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assists Maywood residents with personalized estate plans that include pet trust provisions tailored to each client’s circumstances. Our attorneys focus on clear communication and practical solutions, guiding clients through choices about trustees, funding strategies, and caregiver arrangements. We combine knowledge of California law with pragmatic planning to create documents that are durable and straightforward for those left to administer them. Clients appreciate our responsive approach and our commitment to drafting trust language that anticipates common issues and minimizes later disputes.
A pet trust is a legal arrangement that sets aside funds and instructions for the care of one or more animals after the owner’s death or incapacity. It typically names a trustee to manage the funds and a caregiver who will provide daily care, and it can include detailed instructions on diet, exercise, medical care, and other preferences. Funding can come from specific assets or through a general bequest to the trust, and the trustee is responsible for disbursing money in accordance with the terms. Proper drafting helps ensure the pet receives consistent care and that the trustee’s duties and powers are clearly defined.
When creating a pet trust, clients should consider the estimated annual cost of care, the expected lifespan of the animal, and contingencies if a caregiver cannot fulfill obligations. The trust document can include instructions for veterinary care, boarding arrangements when the caregiver is unavailable, and provisions for euthanasia decisions if medically necessary. The trustee should be someone reliable with good financial judgment or a professional fiduciary can be appointed. Clear recordkeeping requirements and reporting obligations in the trust reduce misunderstandings and help the trustee demonstrate that funds were spent appropriately for the pet’s benefit.
A pet trust is a tailored legal instrument in which a grantor transfers assets into a trust to provide for an animal’s care, with directions about how those assets are to be used. The trustee manages and disburses funds per the grantor’s instructions, while the caregiver provides hands-on care. California law recognizes pet trusts and outlines how courts may interpret and enforce them. Important elements include identifying the pet clearly, setting forth funding mechanisms, describing permissible uses of trust funds, and naming back-up caregivers and trustees. Well-crafted language helps avoid ambiguity and supports faithful implementation of the grantor’s wishes.
Creating an effective pet trust involves several deliberate steps: identifying who will care for the animal, estimating the funds needed to maintain the pet’s standard of living, selecting a trustee to manage resources, and drafting precise trust instructions. Other important processes include deciding how the trust will be funded, naming successor trustees and caregivers, and adding reporting or accounting requirements so beneficiaries and interested parties can verify proper use of funds. Attention to these elements reduces the likelihood of disputes and ensures that the pet’s welfare is prioritized in both routine and unexpected situations.
Understanding common terms helps clients make informed decisions when drafting a pet trust. Definitions clarify roles and responsibilities, funding methods, and legal protections for the animal. Familiarity with terms such as trustee, caregiver, principal, and successor trustee reduces confusion and facilitates clear communication between the grantor and those tasked with carrying out their wishes. This section provides plain-language explanations so individuals can discuss options intelligently and ensure that the trust document reflects their intentions with practical and enforceable language.
A trustee is the person or entity responsible for managing the funds held in the pet trust and disbursing them according to the trust terms. The trustee’s duties include maintaining accurate records, investing funds prudently if necessary, making payments to caregivers for expenses, and following reporting requirements included in the trust. Choosing a trustee involves balancing trustworthiness, availability, and financial responsibility; some clients prefer a trusted friend or family member while others name a professional fiduciary or a firm. Clear instructions reduce confusion for the trustee and those relying on the trust for the animal’s care.
The caregiver is the individual who provides daily, hands-on care for the pet, following the grantor’s instructions in the trust. Responsibilities may include feeding, grooming, exercising, administering medications, transporting the animal to veterinary appointments, and ensuring comfort and companionship. The trust should name an alternate caregiver in case the primary person cannot continue. Compensation guidelines, limits on expenses, and expectations for communication with the trustee are often included so that the caregiver’s duties and reimbursement process are clear and manageable.
Funding refers to how assets are allocated to support the pet trust, which can include specific bequests, transfers into a revocable or irrevocable trust, or a directed portion of the estate. Estimating necessary funds requires considering the animal’s expected lifespan, medical needs, and regular care costs. The trust can also specify contingency funds for emergencies, boarding, or long-term medical procedures. Clear funding instructions ensure the trustee has sufficient resources and reduce the risk that the caregiver will be unable to provide the level of care the grantor intended.
A successor trustee is designated to take over management of the trust if the original trustee cannot serve, and a contingency plan addresses unexpected events affecting caregivers or funds. Including successor nominees and clear procedures for transferring responsibilities helps the trust remain operable during changes. Contingency provisions might name alternate caregivers, outline steps for rehoming if necessary, and specify how remaining funds will be used or distributed if long-term care becomes impractical. These measures reduce the chance that a pet will be left without direction or resources during transitions.
Pet owners have several options for ensuring their animals are cared for, including informal family arrangements, provisions in a will, or a formal pet trust. Informal agreements rely on verbal promises and can lead to uncertainty, while a will-based bequest may not provide timely access to funds because wills are subject to probate. A pet trust creates a separate structure for immediate funding and directions, offering more control and flexibility for ongoing care. Choosing the right option depends on your goals, relationship with potential caregivers, and desire for oversight and enforceability of your instructions.
If a pet’s needs are modest and a trusted friend or family member has already agreed to care for the animal, a simpler arrangement may be sufficient for some owners. In such cases, naming the caregiver in a will or leaving a direct bequest could meet immediate needs without the complexity of a trust structure. However, even straightforward situations benefit from written instructions about care preferences, emergency contacts, and a backup caregiver. These steps reduce misunderstandings and ensure the caregiver has guidance when the time comes to assume responsibility for the pet.
When anticipated costs for an animal are limited and there are reliable caregivers willing to absorb incidental expenses, a full trust may not be necessary. For example, young, healthy pets with low medical needs and family support may be managed with modest estate provisions and clear written directions. Even in these cases, documenting expectations for care, where funds should come from, and who will step in as a successor caregiver provides clarity. This documentation helps prevent disputes and ensures the pet receives ongoing attention and routine care without legal ambiguity.
Pets with chronic medical needs, advanced age, or specialized care requirements often benefit from a comprehensive pet trust that sets aside sufficient funds and detailed medical instructions. Long-term funding planning addresses ongoing veterinary costs, possible surgeries, medication regimens, and boarding when caregivers are unavailable. A formal trust structure gives the trustee authority to manage those resources, ensuring the caregiver can access funds when needed and that payments are made in accordance with the grantor’s priorities. This reduces financial strain on caregivers and helps sustain consistent care throughout the pet’s life.
Owners who want oversight of how funds are spent and a mechanism to review caregiving decisions typically favor a formal pet trust. Including requirements for periodic accounting, appointment of a trustee with fiduciary duties, and specified remedies for misuse of funds gives confidence that resources will be applied as intended. These provisions create transparency between caregiver and trustee, protect against mismanagement, and help ensure the animal’s welfare is consistently monitored. For owners who prioritize accountability, a trust provides structured protections beyond informal arrangements.
A comprehensive pet trust provides clarity, funding, and enforceable instructions to support your pet’s care over the long term. By appointing a trustee and caregiver, setting spending rules, and specifying care preferences, the trust reduces ambiguity and helps prevent disagreements among family members. It also allows for immediate access to funds without waiting for probate in many scenarios, which is particularly important when timely veterinary attention is necessary. This approach preserves the pet’s standard of living and ensures that the grantor’s intentions guide decisions after incapacity or death.
Comprehensive planning also allows for contingencies, such as naming successor caregivers and trustees, and including clear instructions for rehoming if long-term care becomes impractical. The trust can address special instructions for medical care, boarding during caregiver absence, and guidelines for interactions with other household pets. These layers of planning reduce stress for caregivers and create a practical framework for maintaining continuity of care. Overall, a comprehensive pet trust makes it more likely that your companion animals will be cared for in the manner you intend.
One major benefit of a pet trust is dedicated funding with instructions on permitted uses, such as veterinary care, food, boarding, and grooming. Clear spending rules help the trustee allocate resources responsibly and provide caregivers with a predictable reimbursement process. This reduces disputes over what constitutes a reasonable expense and helps avoid depletion of funds for purposes unrelated to the pet’s care. Secure funding combined with specific directives promotes stability and ensures the pet receives the support needed without placing undue financial burden on caregivers.
A properly drafted pet trust benefits from legal recognition under California law, which supports enforcement of the grantor’s directives and oversight of trustees. Because the trust is a distinct legal entity, it offers a clear pathway for accountability should disputes arise. This legal structure helps protect the pet’s interests and ensures the trustee follows documented responsibilities, such as accounting and distribution of funds. By incorporating enforceable provisions, pet owners can be confident that their expressed wishes will have practical effect and that there is a remedy if those wishes are not followed.
Selecting both a primary caregiver and at least one backup is an essential step in pet trust planning to ensure continuity of care. Discuss the responsibilities in advance, confirm the caregiver’s willingness to assume duties, and provide written guidance on daily routines, medical needs, and emergency protocols. Naming a backup caregiver reduces the risk that the pet will be left without a home if the primary caregiver is unable or unwilling to continue. Including contact information and any necessary legal documents helps the transition go smoothly when the time comes.
Provide detailed but practical instructions in the trust about feeding schedules, medication protocols, acceptable veterinary treatments, and preferred living arrangements. Avoid overly restrictive rules that could hinder a caregiver’s ability to respond to changing circumstances, while including essential preferences that reflect your priorities. Describe documentation requirements for expenses and vet visits so the trustee can verify appropriate use of funds. Balanced, pragmatic language in the trust reduces ambiguity and helps both caregivers and trustees fulfill their roles responsibly and in line with your intentions.
A pet trust can protect the future welfare of companion animals by ensuring funds and instructions are available immediately upon your incapacity or death. It minimizes the chance that pets will be placed in shelters or experience abrupt changes in care, and it provides legal authority for the trustee to manage resources for the pet’s benefit. Many pet owners find comfort in knowing that their animals will continue to receive consistent care aligned with their preferences, which reduces stress for family members who might otherwise be left to make difficult decisions without guidance.
Including a pet trust also addresses potential disputes about who should care for the animal and how funds should be spent. Clear nomination of a caregiver, compensation terms, and spending limits creates transparency and reduces conflicts among family members. The trust can also specify long-term goals, such as placement with a particular family member or arrangements for memorialization. By formalizing these wishes, owners build a durable plan that helps safeguard the pet’s emotional and physical needs while providing a roadmap for those who will carry out their intentions.
There are several common scenarios in which a pet trust provides meaningful protection: when owners live alone, when pets have significant medical needs, when caregivers are geographically distant, and when owners wish to prevent ambiguity about care after death. Pet trusts are especially useful for older owners who want to plan proactively, parents of young children who want to ensure pets are cared for if both parents are unavailable, and for owners of multiple animals who need coordinated arrangements. In each case, a trust creates a clear plan that supports continuity of care.
Owners who live alone may have no immediate family nearby to assume pet caregiving responsibilities, so planning is especially important. A pet trust designates a caregiver and provides funding to support that person, which prevents pets from facing uncertain outcomes if the owner becomes incapacitated or passes away. Including detailed instructions and a reliable successor caregiver helps guarantee continuity of care. Preparing in advance alleviates stress for friends or emergency responders who might otherwise need to make temporary arrangements without guidance on long-term placement or funding.
Pets requiring ongoing medical treatment or special diets need predictable funding and clear instructions to preserve their health and comfort. A pet trust can allocate funds for regular veterinary visits, prescription medications, specialized food, and potential surgeries, and it can provide guidance on acceptable medical interventions. Naming a caregiver familiar with the animal’s needs ensures continuity of care and reduces the risk of lapses in treatment. Clear documentation within the trust helps the trustee authorize expenditures and support the caregiver in meeting the pet’s medical obligations.
When families are blended or multiple pets are involved, it can be challenging to determine who will assume care and how resources should be shared. A pet trust provides a structured way to allocate funds among several animals, set priorities, and describe how pets should be housed if they cannot remain together. It also clarifies the responsibilities of named caregivers to avoid conflict and ensure each animal’s needs are addressed. Clear allocation and contingency planning helps families coordinate long-term care while respecting the grantor’s stated preferences.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman is available to help Maywood residents create pet trusts that reflect their priorities and provide practical direction for caregivers and trustees. We guide clients through selecting trustees and caregivers, estimating costs, and drafting provisions that are clear, enforceable, and tailored to each pet’s needs. Our approach emphasizes thoughtful planning and responsive communication so that clients feel confident their pets will be cared for according to their wishes. Call our office at 408-528-2827 to discuss options and start a plan that protects your animal family members.
Our firm focuses on practical estate planning solutions for pet owners in Maywood and surrounding areas, providing personalized attention throughout the planning process. We take time to understand your pet’s routines, medical needs, and your preferences, then draft documents that clearly assign responsibilities and funding. Clients appreciate our direct communication and the thoroughness of our drafts, which aim to reduce future conflicts and ensure smooth administration. We help clients balance legal protections with realistic expectations so that the plan can be implemented effectively when needed.
We also assist with integrating pet trust provisions into broader estate plans that may include revocable living trusts, pour-over wills, powers of attorney, and health care directives. Coordinating all documents ensures that resources flow as intended and that the pet trust functions within the context of a complete plan. We review funding strategies and advise on practical mechanisms to support the trust, such as specific bequests or transfers into trust during the owner’s lifetime, so caregivers have timely access to necessary resources for the pet’s well-being.
From initial planning to execution and finalization, our firm helps clients anticipate common pitfalls and draft contingency provisions that keep the pet’s interests at the center of the plan. We encourage clients to name alternate caregivers and successor trustees, provide guidance for medical decision-making, and include reporting requirements that promote transparency. This thoroughness reduces surprises for those left to implement the plan and helps maintain the pet’s standard of care without placing undue burden on caregivers or family members.
Our process begins with a detailed consultation to learn about your pet’s needs and your goals, followed by preparation of draft documents for your review. We discuss funding options, caregiver arrangements, and reporting requirements to tailor the pet trust to your situation. After you approve the documents, we finalize signatures and help with any asset transfers needed to fund the trust. We also provide guidance on maintaining records and updating the trust when circumstances change, ensuring the plan remains effective throughout the pet’s life.
During the initial consultation we gather information about the pet, its daily routine, anticipated medical needs, preferred caregivers, and your funding intentions. We use this information to recommend appropriate trust provisions and to estimate funding needs. We also discuss how the pet trust fits within your overall estate plan and whether additional documents like a pour-over will or powers of attorney are needed. This step ensures that the trust addresses practical realities and that the resulting documents reflect your priorities and reduce potential ambiguities.
We help clients document specific care instructions, such as feeding schedules, medications, exercise routines, and preferred veterinarians. Clear, written guidance protects the pet’s comfort and provides caregivers with confidence when implementing the owner’s wishes. These instructions also help trustees evaluate requests for reimbursement and ensure funds are used solely for the pet’s benefit. Including this level of detail in the trust reduces misunderstandings and supports consistent care if a new caregiver must step in at any time.
Selecting appropriate caregivers and trustees is a central part of the planning process. We discuss candidates’ availability, proximity, and willingness to accept responsibilities, and we recommend naming successors to avoid gaps in care. We help clients evaluate whether a family member, friend, or professional trustee best meets their needs and draft language that clarifies roles and compensation. Having clear back-up plans ensures the trust remains functional if the primary designees are unable to serve in the future.
After gathering necessary details, we draft the trust documents to reflect funding choices, trustee powers, caregiver duties, and reporting requirements. We tailor clauses to address medical directives, emergency procedures, and rehoming instructions in the event long-term care becomes impractical. We provide draft documents for your review and discuss revisions until the language accurately captures your intentions. This collaborative review helps prevent confusion and ensures the trust will operate smoothly when activated.
We advise on practical funding strategies to ensure the trust has sufficient resources, including specific bequests, transfers during life, or allocating a portion of the estate. We explain the mechanics of transferring assets into the trust and the implications for probate and administration. Proper funding is essential so that caregivers can obtain funds without delay when services are needed. We also discuss contingencies if funding proves insufficient and options for how remaining assets should be distributed after the pet’s death.
To protect the pet’s interests and donors’ intentions, we include safeguards such as periodic accounting requirements, guidelines for permissible expenses, and mechanisms for resolving disputes. These provisions allow the trustee to demonstrate responsible management and create transparency between trustees and caregivers. Including clear oversight reduces the chance of misinterpretation and provides a framework for enforcement if disagreements arise. Thoughtful safeguards help ensure the trust’s resources are used solely for the pet’s benefit as intended.
Once documents are finalized and signed, we assist with funding the trust and providing copies to designated caregivers and trustees. Proper execution may include transferring title to specific assets or naming the trust as a beneficiary of certain accounts. After funding, we encourage periodic review of the trust to reflect changes in the pet’s health, caregiver availability, or family circumstances. Regular updates ensure the trust remains aligned with your wishes and that designated parties remain willing and able to carry out their responsibilities.
Finalizing the trust includes proper signing and witnessing, providing copies to the trustee and caregiver, and recording any necessary transfers. We explain who should retain originals, where to store documents, and how to notify relevant parties about the plan. Timely notification and accessible documentation reduce confusion at a difficult time and help ensure the caregiver can readily access funds and instructions. We also provide guidance on where to keep veterinary records and emergency contacts to streamline care transitions.
Maintaining a pet trust requires periodic updates to reflect shifts in the pet’s condition, caregiving arrangements, and financial needs. We recommend routine reviews every few years or after significant life events to confirm that designated parties remain appropriate and that funding remains sufficient. Good recordkeeping by the trustee and caregiver — including receipts for veterinary care and documentation of expenditures — helps demonstrate that funds were used appropriately and provides continuity of care. These practices reduce disputes and preserve the integrity of the plan.
A pet trust is a legal arrangement that sets aside funds and instructions so a designated caregiver can provide for your animal’s needs after your incapacity or death. In California, pet trusts are recognized and enforceable when drafted properly, with a trustee to manage funds and a caregiver to provide day-to-day care. The trust document specifies how funds may be used, who will care for the pet, and any reporting or accounting requirements to ensure transparency. Pet trusts allow for immediate access to resources for the pet’s care without waiting for probate in many cases, and they help prevent pets from being placed in shelters. Including backup caregivers and clear contingency language increases the likelihood that your wishes will be followed even if circumstances change, providing a practical, durable plan for the animal’s future.
Funding a pet trust can be done through specific bequests in a will, transfers into a revocable trust during your lifetime, or designating the trust as a beneficiary of certain accounts. The method you choose affects how and when funds become available, so it is important to coordinate funding choices with your overall estate plan to avoid delays or unintended tax consequences. Proper funding ensures caregivers can access money for food, veterinary care, and other expenses when needed. When estimating funding, consider the pet’s expected lifespan, routine care costs, and potential medical needs. Consulting a veterinarian for likely future expenses and building in a buffer for emergencies helps prevent shortfalls. You can also include instructions on how remaining funds should be handled after the pet’s death, such as distributing them to a named charity or family member.
Choose a caregiver who is willing, available, and able to provide consistent, compassionate care for your animal. Consider practical matters like the caregiver’s living situation, financial capacity, and willingness to follow your care instructions. It is wise to discuss responsibilities in advance and obtain the person’s consent, as well as to name a backup caregiver if the first choice becomes unavailable. The trustee should be someone with sound judgment and basic financial responsibility, since they will manage and disburse trust funds. Some pet owners select a trusted friend or family member as trustee, while others name a professional fiduciary if they prefer third-party management. Naming successors for both roles ensures there is always someone prepared to step in and maintain continuity of care.
If your chosen caregiver cannot continue caring for the pet, the trust’s contingency provisions and named successor caregivers guide the transfer of responsibility. Ideally, the trust designates alternate caregivers and instructions for how and when a successor should take over. This helps avoid delays or confusion and ensures the pet remains in a suitable home without unnecessary disruption. Trust language can also specify procedures for rehoming if no suitable caregiver is available, and it can direct the trustee to work with a rescue or placement organization under defined terms. Including clear contingency plans reduces the risk that pets will be placed in shelters and ensures decisions align with your preferences for the animal’s future.
A pet trust can cover many medical expenses within the limits you set, such as routine veterinary care, medications, surgeries, and emergency treatments. The trust should state whether the trustee has discretion to approve certain types of care and whether there are spending limits or requirements for obtaining second opinions for major procedures. Clear instructions about acceptable treatments and thresholds for costly interventions help guide decisions and prevent disputes. Owners should carefully consider what level of medical care they are willing to fund and include guidance on end-of-life decisions. The trustee and caregiver need clarity about whether to pursue aggressive and expensive treatments or to prioritize comfort and quality of life. Thoughtful planning helps align medical decision-making with your values and the pet’s best interests.
The duration of a pet trust typically covers the animal’s lifetime, and the trust document should address what happens to any remaining funds after the pet’s death. Common options include directing leftover funds to specific relatives, friends, or charities, or specifying that remaining assets revert to the estate. Clear instructions reduce confusion about post-mortem distribution and ensure funds are put to use in a manner consistent with your intent. When drafting the trust, include timelines or events that trigger distribution decisions and name beneficiaries for residual funds. This avoids unintended outcomes and provides a complete plan that addresses both the pet’s care and the eventual disposition of leftover resources, offering peace of mind that assets will be managed responsibly through the pet’s lifetime and after.
A properly funded pet trust can provide funds more quickly than a will-based bequest because it creates a separate vehicle for the pet’s care, which may reduce the need for probate oversight in some circumstances. However, the specific effect on probate depends on funding choices and how assets are titled. Working with legal counsel to coordinate asset transfers and beneficiary designations helps ensure the trust functions as intended without unnecessary delays. If a pet trust is not funded or is funded through a will that must go through probate, caregivers may face delays accessing funds. For this reason, we advise clients to fund the trust during life when practical and to align title and beneficiary designations so that resources are available promptly to support the pet when needed.
Yes, you can include personal wishes such as burial, memorial arrangements, and preferences for final care within your pet trust. These instructions provide comfort to caretakers and allow you to express how you would like your animal to be remembered. While such wishes may be nonbinding in certain circumstances, including them in the trust offers guidance and helps align actions with your desires. Be mindful that some personal instructions may require flexibility to be practical; for example, burial may be restricted by local ordinances or land availability. Discussing these details with your caregiver and trustee in advance increases the likelihood that your memorial wishes will be honored and that arrangements can be made smoothly when the time comes.
Review your pet trust documents periodically, at least every few years, or after significant life events such as changes in caregiver availability, major shifts in your pet’s health, or alterations in your financial situation. Regular reviews help ensure that names of caregivers and trustees remain appropriate, funding levels are sufficient, and instructions still reflect your priorities. Routine updates reduce the likelihood of surprises and maintain the practical enforceability of the plan. You should also update the trust if you adopt new pets, if a named caregiver relocates, or if you want to change your posthumous wishes for leftover funds. Keeping communication open with designated parties and your legal counsel ensures transitions are documented and that the trust remains a reliable tool for protecting your animals’ future care.
To begin drafting a pet trust, schedule a consultation to discuss your pet’s needs, potential caregivers, and funding preferences. During the initial meeting we gather information about your priorities and review how a pet trust fits into your broader estate plan. We then provide a draft for your review and make revisions to ensure the document aligns with your wishes and is practical to administer. Once the trust is finalized and funded, we provide guidance on recordkeeping, notifications to caregivers and trustees, and periodic review practices to keep the plan current. Contact the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman at 408-528-2827 to arrange a consultation and take steps to protect your pet’s future care in Maywood and beyond.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas