A Heggstad petition can be an important tool for beneficiaries and trustees when trust assets were transferred without proper title changes or when a trustmaker’s intent needs confirmation after an asset transfer. In Lake Elsinore and throughout Riverside County, families working through trust funding questions often need clear guidance on how to correct trust records, secure trust assets, and preserve the trustmaker’s intentions. This introduction explains the role a Heggstad petition plays in trust administration, how it can protect beneficiaries’ rights, and what to expect during the initial case assessment and filing process with the probate court.
When personal representatives, trustees, or beneficiaries encounter assets left in a decedent’s name or accounts that were intended to be in trust, a Heggstad petition can help the court recognize transfers that reflect the decedent’s testamentary plan. The filing seeks judicial recognition that certain assets belong to the trust even if title was not formally transferred. This paragraph outlines common scenarios that lead to petitions, practical outcomes families pursue, and the importance of documenting fiduciary actions, account statements, and declarations that support the requested court determination.
A properly prepared Heggstad petition provides clarity and legal authority by asking the court to confirm that specific assets should be treated as trust property despite imperfections in title or paperwork. Gaining that judicial determination helps trustees manage trust assets without fear of future disputes, enables smooth distributions to beneficiaries, and reduces the risk of costly litigation later on. The petition also supports the trustmaker’s intent, helps resolve disagreements among heirs, and assists financial institutions in recognizing the trustee’s authority to access or transfer accounts when transferring title was not completed during the trustmaker’s lifetime.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assists clients in Riverside County with estate planning matters, including Heggstad petitions and trust administration concerns. Our firm focuses on practical solutions to probate and trust funding issues, helping families document the trustmaker’s intent and present persuasive evidence to the probate court. We guide trustees and beneficiaries through court filings, communications with financial institutions, and negotiation with other interested parties. Our approach emphasizes thorough preparation of declarations, receipts, account statements, and trust documents so courts can reach clear decisions that honor the estate plan.
A Heggstad petition asks the court to acknowledge that particular property should be treated as belonging to a trust despite defects in formal title transfer. This remedy is often used when assets intended for trust administration remain in the decedent’s name, when account titling was never changed, or when financial institutions refuse to recognize the trustee without a court order. Understanding how petitions are supported by declarations, transactional evidence, and trust documents helps trustees and beneficiaries prepare the necessary records. It also clarifies the scope of relief the court can grant, such as instructions to banks or an order directing transfer of specific assets to the trustee.
The petition process typically involves drafting a clear statement of facts describing the asset, the reason title was not changed, and evidence of the trustmaker’s intent, such as trust provisions, communications, or prior transfers. Courts consider whether the requested recognition aligns with the trust’s terms and whether any interested parties object. When disputes exist, hearings may be necessary. Trustees should gather bank statements, account agreements, deeds, and any correspondence that demonstrates the decedent intended the property to be held in the trust so the court can make a definitive determination.
A Heggstad petition asks a court to treat an asset as trust property notwithstanding imperfect title, often by recognizing that a transfer was made to the trustee or that an asset was intended to be administered by the trust. The petition explains the factual circumstances, cites relevant trust terms, and requests an order that directs how the asset should be handled going forward. The goal is to give trustees the authority to manage, access, or transfer assets and to remove uncertainty preventing distributions. The petition may also ask for instruction to financial institutions or for documents that support the trustee’s authority to act.
Key elements include a detailed factual narrative, corroborating documents, a clear explanation of why title was not completed, and legal citations supporting the requested relief. The process often begins by identifying the asset, gathering all relevant evidence like account statements and trustee notes, then preparing the petition and supporting declarations. Notices may need to be provided to beneficiaries and creditors, and the court will consider objections. If the judge grants the petition, the order will direct how the asset will be treated and may instruct institutions to recognize the trustee’s control or to transfer title to the trust.
Familiarity with common terms used in Heggstad petitions helps trustees and beneficiaries navigate the process more confidently. Terms include trust funding, trustee, probate court order, transfer on death, and beneficiary interest. Knowing what each term means, how it appears in documents, and how courts interpret related facts supports better preparation of petitions. This description offers straightforward explanations and examples of each term so that individuals involved in trust administration can identify the documents and facts they will need to support a court determination about trust ownership of assets.
Trust funding refers to the process of transferring assets into a trust so the trustee can manage them according to the trust’s terms. Proper funding typically involves re-titling assets, updating beneficiary designations, and transferring deeds or account ownership. When funding is incomplete, assets may still show the decedent’s name and require a legal remedy. In such cases, a Heggstad petition can help the court recognize that assets were meant to belong to the trust despite the lack of formal transfer, allowing the trustee to administer those assets in line with the trustmaker’s plan.
Trustee authority describes the legal powers granted by the trust document enabling the trustee to manage assets, pay debts, and distribute property to beneficiaries. Banks and other institutions sometimes require proof of authority before allowing access to accounts. A Heggstad petition helps confirm that authority when title irregularities prevent institutions from recognizing the trustee. The court’s order can provide the trustee with documented authority to act regarding specific assets, clarifying responsibilities and enabling administration consistent with the trust’s provisions.
A probate court order is a judicial directive resolving a legal question related to an estate or trust. In the context of a Heggstad petition, the order may declare that certain assets are trust property or direct institutions to recognize the trustee’s authority. Such an order reduces uncertainty, supports final distributions, and protects trustees from liability for taking action consistent with the ruling. Obtaining a clear court order often resolves disputes without prolonged litigation and gives financial institutions the documentation they need to transfer or release assets.
Beneficiary interest refers to the rights a beneficiary has to receive trust property or income under the trust terms. If assets meant for distribution remain improperly titled, beneficiaries may face delays or disputes. A Heggstad petition can clarify which assets are subject to the trust so beneficiaries can receive their intended shares. The petition provides the court with facts and supporting documents to determine whether the trustmaker intended those assets to be governed by the trust, thereby protecting beneficiary interests and facilitating the administration and distribution process.
When an asset remains improperly titled, interested parties have several approaches, including informal bank resolutions, negotiated transfers, or filing a Heggstad petition. Informal solutions may work when institutions accept affidavits or trust documents without court involvement, but those outcomes depend on the institution’s policies and risk tolerance. Negotiation with family members can sometimes resolve disputes. A Heggstad petition offers formal judicial recognition which is often more authoritative and durable when institutions refuse informal proofs or when disagreements arise about the trustmaker’s intent. Choosing the appropriate option depends on the facts, parties involved, and timelines.
Sometimes, banks and brokerage firms will accept trust documents, a death certificate, and a trustee’s affidavit to re-title an account without a court order. When institutions have clear procedures and the parties agree on key facts, this path can be quicker and less costly than court proceedings. Trustees should gather complete documentation, communicate directly with institutional representatives, and provide any requested forms. If the institution accepts the documentation, a court petition may not be necessary. However, if the institution refuses or other parties contest the transfer, a more formal judicial approach may be required to secure authority over the asset.
When beneficiaries and potential heirs are in agreement, they can often facilitate title transfers or sign consents that permit trustees to proceed without involving the court. A written agreement that documents the collective intent and authorizes the trustee to act can resolve funding issues more efficiently. Trustees should ensure any such agreements are well documented and legally sound to avoid later disputes. Even when parties agree, it remains important to obtain clear receipts, acknowledgments, and properly executed forms so financial institutions and title companies will accept the requested changes.
Financial institutions sometimes refuse to accept affidavits or trust documents without a court order because of compliance concerns or risk of future claims. In those situations, a Heggstad petition provides the judge’s authority that compels recognition of the trustee’s right to the assets, removing institutional hesitancy and enabling transfer or access. Preparing a petition involves gathering detailed evidence and legal argumentation to satisfy the court that the trustmaker intended the asset to be part of the trust. This process helps ensure institutions will comply and reduces future exposure for trustees who act on the court’s determination.
When beneficiaries or other interested parties disagree about whether an asset should be treated as trust property, informal methods may fail and a judicial determination becomes necessary. A Heggstad petition invites the court to review the evidence and issue a binding decision that resolves competing claims. The petition process gives all interested parties notice and an opportunity to be heard, ensuring that the eventual order has force and reduces the likelihood of continuing disputes. This judicial clarity protects trustees who need to administer assets and beneficiaries seeking timely distributions.
Pursuing a formal petition results in an authoritative court order that clarifies how specific assets are to be handled, reduces institutional resistance, and provides legal protection for trustees who act under that order. The process may also resolve latent disputes and prevent future litigation by giving all parties a clear, enforceable ruling. Courts can direct institutions to transfer assets or recognize trustee authority, which varies from informal approaches that remain vulnerable to future challenge. A well-documented petition creates a clear record of the trustmaker’s intent and supports orderly administration and distribution.
A comprehensive approach includes meticulous evidence gathering, careful drafting of trust and asset histories, and thoughtful notice to interested persons. This reduces the possibility of surprises at hearing and helps the court reach a decision efficiently. When the court issues its order, trustees can implement the trustmaker’s plan with confidence and banks or title companies are more likely to cooperate. Ultimately, taking the formal path protects estate assets, honors the trustmaker’s wishes, and helps beneficiaries receive their distributions in a timely and orderly way.
One of the main benefits of filing a petition is obtaining secure court recognition that an asset belongs to the trust. This recognition eliminates lingering questions about ownership and gives trustees the legal authority to manage, sell, or distribute the asset in accordance with trust terms. Having that judicial endorsement helps institutions process transfers and reduces risk of claims challenging trustees’ actions. A clear court order strengthens the legal record and helps resolve disputes efficiently while preserving the trustmaker’s intentions for the benefit of beneficiaries.
A final court order resolving ownership issues makes it harder for parties to reopen disputes later, which protects both trustees and beneficiaries from protracted litigation. By presenting comprehensive evidence and securing judicial approval, the trustee creates a defensible record showing actions were taken pursuant to the court’s direction. This minimizes fiduciary liability and reduces the chance that contested claims will interfere with distribution plans. In the long term, a decisive resolution conserves estate resources and promotes peace among heirs.
Begin by collecting trust documents, account statements, deeds, beneficiary designations, and any correspondence that reflects the trustmaker’s intent. A thorough documentary record strengthens a petition and supports factual claims in declarations. Documents showing consistent treatment of the asset as belonging to the trust or written instructions from the trustmaker are particularly helpful. Early organization also helps identify whether notice requirements will apply, who the interested parties are, and whether any additional evidence is needed to anticipate potential objections before filing the petition with the probate court.
Make sure all required beneficiaries and interested parties receive proper notice of the petition to avoid procedural defects that can delay disposition. Proactively informing likely interested persons and sharing key documents can reduce surprises and potential objections. Preparing responses to likely concerns and demonstrating the trustmaker’s intent through consistent evidence helps the court and interested parties reach a resolution more quickly. Thoughtful pre-filing preparation often streamlines hearings and positions the trustee to obtain an effective court order.
Consider a Heggstad petition when assets intended for the trust remain titled in the decedent’s name or when financial institutions decline to recognize trustee authority based on available documents. If beneficiaries are experiencing delays or assets are at risk of being mishandled without clear ownership, seeking court recognition can provide decisive direction. The petition is also appropriate where the trustmaker’s intent is evident but procedural steps were missed. Acting promptly helps secure assets, reduce liabilities, and facilitate the trust’s administration in accordance with the trust document.
You should also consider filing when family members disagree about the disposition of particular assets or when third parties raise claims that could interfere with the trustee’s ability to manage trust property. A judicial determination removes ambiguity and gives legal grounding for transfers and distributions. In many scenarios, obtaining an order is the most reliable way to ensure that banks and title companies will comply and that trustees can carry out their duties without excessive risk of future dispute or personal liability for actions taken to implement the trustmaker’s wishes.
Typical circumstances include real estate that was never deeded into the trust, bank accounts or retirement accounts still in the decedent’s name despite intent to trust, or transfers that were attempted but not completed. Other causes include contested beneficiary claims, institutional refusal to accept trustee documentation, or ambiguities in trust language that require court interpretation. Identifying the specific scenario and assembling corroborating evidence are the first steps in evaluating whether a petition will likely succeed and what relief to request from the court.
Real estate that remains titled in the decedent’s name despite being intended for the trust is a frequent reason to file a Heggstad petition. When a house or parcel was meant to be part of the trust but a deed was never recorded, the trustee may need a court order to transfer title or to direct the recorder’s office or title company. The petition presents the trust terms, evidence of intent, and any supporting documents to show the court that the property should be treated as trust property in order to carry out the trustmaker’s plan.
Checking, savings, or brokerage accounts that were intended to be held by the trust but remain in the decedent’s name can cause access and management problems for the trustee. Institutions often decline to allow disbursements or transfers without either court documentation or specific account procedures. A Heggstad petition can ask the court to declare those accounts trust property so the trustee can manage or distribute them. Including statements, account agreements, and any evidence of the trustmaker’s instructions will help the court resolve the issue.
Retirement accounts and assets with transfer-on-death designations sometimes create uncertainty when beneficiary designations conflict with trust provisions or when paperwork was not updated. A Heggstad petition can clarify how such assets should be treated in light of the trustmaker’s plan. Courts will examine account agreements and designation forms alongside trust terms to determine the intended disposition. A clear judicial determination avoids protracted disputes and helps trustees and beneficiaries understand how these instruments fit into the overall estate plan.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman provides representation for Heggstad petitions and trust-funding matters in Lake Elsinore and throughout Riverside County. We assist trustees, beneficiaries, and family members in preparing petitions, collecting supporting documentation, and managing communications with institutions and other interested parties. Our focus is on helping clients obtain clear court orders that facilitate trust administration and protect estate assets. If you are dealing with improperly titled property or institutional refusal to recognize trustee authority, we can help identify the proper next steps and prepare persuasive filings for the probate court.
Choosing the right legal representation can make a meaningful difference in how efficiently a petition moves through the probate process. We emphasize clear communication, careful evidence gathering, and practical courtroom experience to prepare petitions that address likely objections and institutional concerns. Our firm helps clients identify all interested parties, compile necessary documents, and draft declarations that present a coherent factual narrative. That thorough preparation aims to reduce delays and position the matter for a prompt, enforceable court order recognizing the trust’s claim to the asset.
Clients benefit from a methodical approach to notice requirements and pleadings so procedural mistakes do not undermine the petition. We explain filing requirements and key deadlines, coordinate service of process on interested parties, and handle negotiations when possible to narrow issues before hearing. When litigation is necessary, we represent clients in hearings and provide the documentation the court needs to reach a clear determination. Our goal is to secure an order that allows trustees to proceed with confidence and enables beneficiaries to receive their rightful distributions.
We also provide guidance for post-order matters, including assisting trustees with implementing court directions, communicating orders to banks and title companies, and completing any required transfers. Whether the case resolves by agreement or requires a contested hearing, our team helps manage procedural steps and keeps clients informed. This continuity of service from initial assessment through order implementation supports an orderly administration of the trust and helps protect the property and interests of beneficiaries across the conclusion of the matter.
Our process begins with a thorough intake to document the assets, review the trust and related documents, and identify interested parties. We then gather evidence such as account statements, deeds, beneficiary forms, and communications that demonstrate the trustmaker’s intent. Next we prepare the petition, supporting declarations, and required notices. We file with the probate court and manage service on interested persons. If objections arise, we represent the client through hearings and negotiations. After the court issues an order, we assist in implementing transfers and communicating the order to institutions to complete trust administration.
The initial step focuses on identifying the asset, confirming trust provisions, and collecting all documents necessary to support the petition. This includes deeds, account statements, trust pages that reference the asset, beneficiary forms, and any correspondence that reflects the trustmaker’s intentions. We also identify and locate all interested parties who must be notified. Thorough collection and organization of these materials are critical to preparing a persuasive petition and avoiding procedural delays or evidentiary gaps that can complicate court proceedings.
We work with the trustee to locate all relevant records showing the asset and any interactions with institutions. This process may include obtaining bank statements, account agreements, deeds, transfer documents, and any prior communications referencing the trust. Documentation that shows the asset was treated consistently with the trustmaker’s plan is particularly persuasive. We also look for admissions or notes that explain why formal title was not changed, such as oversight or reliance on informal arrangements, and compile those facts into a clear chronology for the petition.
Determining who must receive notice is an important part of preparation. Interested parties may include beneficiaries, heirs, trustees, and creditors who could claim an interest in the asset. We verify addresses, prepare required notices, and explain service options to ensure the petition complies with procedural rules. Proper notice helps prevent later challenges based on defective service and gives all interested persons an opportunity to respond. This careful approach lays the groundwork for a valid and enforceable court order once the petition is resolved.
Once evidence is assembled and parties identified, we prepare the petition, draft supporting declarations, and attach key documents to the filing. The petition explains the facts, cites relevant trust provisions, and requests the specific relief needed, such as an order declaring the asset belongs to the trust or directing a financial institution to recognize the trustee. We also draft the proposed order the court may sign and ensure all forms and fees are in order before filing with the probate court to start the judicial process.
Declarations from the trustee or other witnesses narrate the events and provide factual context that supports the petition. Exhibits such as account statements, deeds, trust excerpts, and correspondence are attached to create a complete evidentiary record. Clear, chronological exhibits make it easier for the court to understand the trustmaker’s intent and the reasons title was not transferred. We ensure the declarations address anticipated questions and objections so the petition can proceed efficiently through the court’s review process.
After filing the petition with the probate court, we arrange service of process on all required parties and file proof of service with the court. We monitor deadlines for responses and prepare for any required hearings. If beneficiaries or other parties raise objections, we evaluate their positions and seek to narrow issues through negotiation when possible. Filing initiates the court’s consideration, and careful follow-through on service and responses is essential for keeping the matter on track and moving toward resolution.
If a hearing is required, we present the factual and documentary record to the judge and respond to any objections. The court may issue an order declaring the asset belongs to the trust, directing institutions to recognize the trustee, or providing other appropriate relief. After the order is entered, we assist with implementing the court’s instructions, including communicating the order to banks, conducting transfers, recording deeds if necessary, and updating the trust’s inventory. This final phase ensures the court’s ruling achieves the intended practical effect for the trust and its beneficiaries.
At a hearing, we explain the facts and introduce exhibits showing the trustmaker’s intent and the asset’s relationship to the trust. We address any objections, clarify ambiguities, and seek a precise order that directs institutions and parties on how to proceed. The judge’s order becomes the legal basis for transferring or administering the asset, and we work to secure language that is broad enough to accomplish the intended result while narrowly tailored to the facts and trust terms. A clear order reduces future disputes and provides tangible direction for trustees and institutions.
After the court issues its decision, we coordinate with financial institutions, title companies, and other entities to complete transfers and update records. We prepare any documents needed to satisfy institutional requirements and provide certified copies of the order so trustees can carry out distributions or management duties. We also update the trust inventory and prepare closing documentation that reflects the new status of the assets. This implementation phase ensures the judicial result is reflected in practical control and ownership of the trust property.
A Heggstad petition asks the probate court to treat particular property as part of a trust despite defects in formal title. It is commonly used when assets intended for a trust remain in the decedent’s name or when institutions refuse to recognize the trustee without a court order. The petition presents factual evidence and legal argument that the asset was intended to be included in the trust and requests a judicial order declaring the asset trust property. Filing such a petition helps trustees obtain clear authority to manage, transfer, or distribute the asset consistent with the trust terms. It provides institutions with a court directive that removes uncertainty and reduces the risk of future disputes about ownership. The petition process includes gathering documents, serving interested parties, and, if necessary, presenting evidence at a hearing so the court can issue an enforceable order.
The timeline varies depending on the complexity of the facts, the need for additional discovery, and the court’s calendar. Simple matters where institutions accept documentation may be resolved quickly, sometimes within weeks if informal procedures succeed. When a formal petition is required, filing, service, and court scheduling can extend the process to a few months or longer depending on notice periods and whether objections are filed. If objections or contested issues arise, hearings and potential discovery can lengthen the timeline. Prompt preparation, accurate service, and clear documentation help move the matter efficiently. Working with counsel to anticipate likely objections and to present a focused evidentiary record can reduce delays and help achieve resolution on a reasonable schedule.
Helpful evidence includes the trust document or relevant excerpts showing the trustmaker’s intent, account statements, deeds, beneficiary designation forms, and written communications that reference the asset and its intended ownership. Declarations from the trustee or witnesses that chronicle the events and explain why title was not changed provide necessary narrative context for the court. A clear chronology of actions and supporting exhibits are essential for a persuasive petition. Also useful are institutional account agreements and any prior forms or filings that link the asset to the trustmaker’s planning. Documentation showing consistent treatment of the asset as part of the trust, such as trustee-led management actions or communications with financial institutions, strengthens the petition. The more complete and organized the record, the better the court can evaluate the claimed intent and ownership.
A Heggstad petition itself is focused on property ownership and the trustee’s authority rather than directly resolving creditor claims. However, by clarifying whether an asset belongs to the trust or the decedent’s estate, the petition can affect which claims have priority and which assets are available for creditors. If the court declares the asset trust property, it may not be available to satisfy certain estate claims that apply only to probate assets. Because creditor matters may intersect with ownership questions, trustees should consider whether notice to creditors or additional steps are necessary depending on the asset and the case. Coordination with counsel on claims procedures and potential creditor notice requirements helps ensure the petition does not inadvertently create legal complications regarding creditor rights.
Yes, beneficiaries and other interested persons may object to a Heggstad petition if they believe the asset should not be treated as trust property or if they dispute the trustmaker’s intent. The court will provide notice to required parties so they can respond. Objections may raise factual disagreements, question the sufficiency of documentation, or argue competing claims to the property. When objections are filed, the matter may require a hearing where each side presents evidence. Resolving objections often involves clarifying facts, submitting additional documents, and legal briefing. Attempts to negotiate and resolve disputes before hearing can sometimes narrow contested issues and lead to a more efficient court process.
Costs can vary by case. Court filing fees, service costs, and fees for certified copies or recordation are common expenses. Attorney fees depend on the complexity of the matter, the amount of evidence to be assembled, and whether the petition is contested. Some matters resolve quickly with modest fees, while contested matters with hearings and extended preparation require higher fees to cover time and court appearances. Discussing budget and likely costs early helps clients make informed decisions about whether to pursue a petition or attempt alternative resolutions. We provide transparent guidance about anticipated expenses and work to prepare a cost-effective approach tailored to the facts, seeking to resolve issues efficiently while protecting trust assets and beneficiaries’ interests.
If a court order directs an institution to recognize the trustee and the institution refuses, the order provides a basis for enforcement. Counsel can follow up with the institution, provide certified copies of the order, and, if necessary, return to court to seek enforcement remedies. Because the court’s direction has legal weight, institutions typically comply once presented with a clear, authenticated order and required documentation. If resistance continues, further court actions may be necessary to compel compliance and seek remedies such as sanctions or contempt proceedings. It is therefore important to secure a detailed order that specifically addresses how institutions should act and to coordinate closely with counsel when implementing the court’s instructions to complete transfers and update records.
Yes, a Heggstad petition can be used for a variety of assets, including real property, bank and brokerage accounts, and other titled property that was intended to be part of a trust. The petition must tailor its requests to the particular asset and include supporting evidence that persuades the court the asset was meant to be administered by the trust. For real property, deeds and title records are key; for accounts, statements and designation forms are important. Each asset type may require specific supporting documentation and different practical steps after the court issues an order, such as recording a deed or presenting the order to a financial institution. Careful preparation ensures the order achieves the desired practical outcome for that category of property and reduces obstacles to implementing the trustmaker’s plan.
A pour-over will can help move certain assets into a trust after probate, but it does not automatically resolve issues where assets were intended to be trust property during administration. If assets remain improperly titled or institutions refuse trustee authority, a Heggstad petition may still be necessary to secure immediate recognition for trust administration. The pour-over will’s existence is relevant but may not eliminate the need for judicial determination when immediate access or institutional compliance is required. When a pour-over will exists, coordinating probate steps with trust administration is important to determine the optimal legal strategy. Sometimes probate procedures and a petition can proceed in tandem to secure timely control of assets and avoid delays in satisfying the trustmaker’s overall plan. Counsel can help evaluate the interaction between the will and trust issues to recommend the best path forward.
Starting the process begins with an initial consultation to review the trust, the asset in question, and the available documentation. We will identify interested parties, assess likely institutional responses, and advise whether an informal resolution might work or whether filing a petition is the most reliable approach. Gathering account statements, deeds, beneficiary forms, and communications that reflect intent helps create a strong petition if court action is needed. If the decision is to proceed, we prepare the petition and supporting declarations, file with the probate court, and arrange service on interested persons. We guide clients through each required action, prepare for potential objections, and pursue a clear court order that enables trustees to administer the asset consistent with the trustmaker’s wishes.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas