A certification of trust is a concise document that summarizes the essential terms of a trust without revealing the full trust instrument, and it is commonly requested by banks, title companies, and other institutions when a trustee needs to act on behalf of the trust. At the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman, we help Barstow residents prepare and present a clear, legally sound certification that meets institutional requirements while preserving privacy. This guide explains why a certification may be needed, what it typically contains, and how it interacts with other estate planning documents like pour-over wills and trust amendments.
Many people turn to a certification of trust to simplify interactions with financial institutions and transfer agents, especially when property, accounts, or benefits are managed by trustees. The certification offers proof of the trust’s existence, the authority of named trustees, and basic administrative details without showing the trust’s detailed provisions. For Barstow residents, having a properly prepared certification can prevent delays, avoid unnecessary disclosure of personal information, and provide clear documentation for third parties when carrying out trust-related tasks, such as transferring ownership or accessing funds under the trust’s terms.
A well-prepared certification of trust benefits trustees, beneficiaries, and third parties by offering a streamlined way to confirm the trust’s existence and the trustee’s authority without exposing the trust’s full content. This safeguards confidential details about distributions and family provisions while facilitating practical actions like account management and title transfers. For individuals in Barstow, a certification reduces administrative friction, helps institutions rely on accurate authority statements, and minimizes the risk of disputes or delays. Properly drafted certifications also include necessary attestations and notarization recommendations to improve acceptance by banks and other entities.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assist clients throughout San Bernardino County, including Barstow, with trust administration and related document preparation. We focus on delivering clear, practical legal documents such as revocable living trusts, pour-over wills, and certifications of trust tailored to each client’s circumstances. Our approach emphasizes careful review of trust terms and close coordination with trustees to ensure the certification accurately reflects who can act and under what conditions. We also advise on related items like HIPAA authorizations and powers of attorney so third parties have what they need to act smoothly on behalf of trust interests.
A certification of trust is not the trust itself, but rather a formal statement about the trust used to verify authority and essential facts. It typically includes the trust name and date, trustee identities, powers granted to trustees, and a statement that the trust remains in effect. This document is meant to be concise so that third parties can confirm authority without seeing distribution specifics. For those handling estates in Barstow, knowing how a certification interacts with the full trust and with other documents such as the general assignment of assets to trust helps avoid confusion and ensures seamless administration when assets must be managed or retitled.
The content and form of a certification can vary by institution, so trustees should anticipate occasional requests for additional verification or notarization. Some banks and title companies maintain their own forms, while others accept a standardized certification consistent with California law. When preparing a certification, it is important to confirm the trustee’s powers to act in specific matters, such as transferring real property or accessing retirement accounts. Precise language and proper signatures reduce the chance of rejection and promote timely completion of transactions on behalf of the trust.
A certification of trust serves as a limited disclosure instrument that communicates the trust’s existence, the names of trustees, and the trustees’ authority without releasing sensitive provisions. The document typically avoids revealing beneficiary distributions, detailed trust terms, and private family matters. Instead, it provides enough factual detail for financial and legal institutions to accept the trustee’s decisions. For trustees in Barstow, the certification functions as a practical tool to authenticate authority, allowing institutions to perform routine transactions while protecting confidential elements of the trust under California practice and institutional policy.
Common elements of a certification of trust include the trust’s legal name, creation date, the identity of current trustees, confirmation that the trust is in effect, and a concise statement of the trustee’s relevant powers. It may also specify signature authority, limitations, and whether the trust has been amended. The process often begins with a review of the trust instrument and any amendments, followed by preparation of the certification in a format acceptable to the requesting institution. Trustees should ensure the certification is signed and, when necessary, notarized to meet bank or title company requirements and to minimize follow-up requests.
Understanding common terms makes it easier to prepare and use a certification of trust. Important words include trustee, settlor or grantor, revocable living trust, trust amendment, pour-over will, and successor trustee. These terms define roles and documents that affect authority and administration. Recognizing their meaning helps trustees and beneficiaries answer institutional questions and present appropriate documentation. For Barstow clients, having these definitions at hand aids communication with banks and title companies and ensures that trustees know what to expect when a certification is requested during trust administration tasks.
A trustee is an individual or entity appointed to hold and manage trust assets for the benefit of beneficiaries according to the trust instrument. The trustee has duties to administer the trust prudently and in good faith, including managing investments, distributing assets as directed, and keeping accurate records. In the context of a certification, the trustee’s name and authority are often disclosed so third parties can verify who may act on behalf of the trust. Trustees in Barstow should be prepared to present identification and the certification to institutions that require proof of authority before taking action for the trust.
A revocable living trust is an estate planning arrangement created during an individual’s lifetime that can be modified or revoked by the settlor while they remain alive. It allows for private management of assets and can facilitate smoother transfers upon incapacity or death. In connection with a certification of trust, a revocable trust’s existence and trustee authority are often summarized to allow trustees to manage accounts or property. For residents of Barstow, this structure can reduce probate involvement and provide continuity of asset management, though careful drafting and accurate certifications remain important for institutional acceptance.
The settlor or grantor is the person who creates the trust and transfers assets into it. This person determines the trust’s terms, names trustees and beneficiaries, and sets rules for distributions. The settlor’s intent and the trust document’s provisions guide how trustees must act. A certification of trust references the trust created by the settlor and confirms the trustee’s authority arising from that instrument. Barstow residents should ensure that the trust document accurately reflects the settlor’s wishes and any subsequent amendments so that certifications remain consistent with current authority.
A successor trustee is an individual or entity designated to take over trust administration if the original trustee becomes unable or unwilling to serve, or upon the settlor’s death. The successor trustee steps in to manage assets, carry out the trust’s instructions, and handle distributions. Certifications of trust commonly indicate whether a trustee is acting as an original or successor trustee, providing institutions with needed clarity. For those in Barstow, naming reliable successor trustees and documenting transitions helps ensure continuity of management and reduces friction when institutions request proof before allowing trust-related transactions.
When deciding how much information to disclose, trustees and beneficiaries must weigh the convenience of a concise certification against the occasional need for fuller documentation. A brief certification protects privacy and speeds routine transactions, but some matters, such as complex title issues or contested property transfers, may require presentation of the full trust. Understanding when a bank will accept a certification alone versus when it will request the trust instrument helps trustees anticipate document needs. For Barstow clients, planning ahead and maintaining organized trust records reduces delays while preserving confidentiality when possible.
A limited certification of trust is often sufficient for common tasks like accessing bank accounts, liquidating brokerage holdings, and transferring small assets where institutions require only confirmation of a trustee’s authority. Banks and investment firms frequently accept a concise certification to verify the trustee’s power to endorse checks, change account registration, or request distributions. This approach maintains the privacy of the trust’s underlying terms while enabling practical administration. For Barstow trustees, confirming the specific form or notarization requirements with the institution beforehand streamlines the process and avoids unnecessary turnover in requests.
Transactions that involve administrative acts rather than distributions that alter beneficiary entitlements typically can be handled with a short certification. Examples include paying routine bills from trust accounts, maintaining insurance on trust property, and making investments consistent with trustee powers. Since such actions do not resolve or disclose beneficiary allocations, third parties often accept the certification as sufficient proof of authority. Trustees in Barstow should keep a copy of the trust and related documents available so that, if a situation escalates or a question arises, fuller documentation can be provided promptly to satisfy institutional or legal inquiries.
Real property transactions, especially those involving title transfers, deeds, or contested ownership, may require more extensive documentation than a short certification. Title companies and county recorder offices sometimes request full trust instruments or notarized powers to confirm authority for conveyances. In such cases, careful review of trust provisions and preparation of appropriate deeds or transfer documents helps ensure the transaction is legally sound. For Barstow residents handling property held in trust, coordinating with counsel and the title company early in the process reduces the risk of rejections or delays during closing.
If a trust administration involves disputes among beneficiaries, challenges to trustee authority, or questions about the validity of amendments, a more comprehensive review and presentation of documents is often necessary. Courts or institutions may require the full trust, amendments, and related affidavits to evaluate claims and ensure proper administration. In these situations, thorough documentation and careful legal strategy help protect trustee and beneficiary interests. For people in Barstow facing contested matters, preparing full records and coordinating with counsel helps clarify positions and improve the chances of resolving disputes efficiently.
A comprehensive approach to trust documentation reduces uncertainty, fosters institutional acceptance, and minimizes delays. Creating clear records, maintaining up-to-date trust instruments, and keeping copies of amendments and related forms like HIPAA authorizations and powers of attorney allow trustees to produce whatever institutions require. This preparedness is particularly valuable for complex assets such as retirement plan interests and real estate, where banks or administrators may need additional verification. Residents of Barstow benefit from organized documentation because it streamlines interactions with creditors, title companies, and government agencies while helping avoid burdensome follow-up requests.
When trustees and beneficiaries take a thorough approach to trust administration, it also reduces the likelihood of later disputes and improves the trust’s long-term operability. Detailed records, clear successor trustee designations, and consistent documentation practices support fiduciary accountability and transparency. This planning supports efficient transfers and can ease transitions during incapacity or death. For Barstow families, investing time to prepare accurate certifications and maintain copies of related documents like pour-over wills and trust modifications pays dividends by smoothing transactions and helping ensure beneficiaries receive intended distributions without unnecessary administrative friction.
Financial institutions are more likely to accept trustee actions when presented with well-prepared certifications supported by up-to-date trust instruments and notarized signatures. Clear documentation reduces requests for additional information and lowers the risk of transaction holds or rejections. Trustees who provide the specific language or forms that a bank or title company expects can often expedite account transfers, asset retitling, and benefit claims. For people in Barstow managing trust affairs, this proactive documentation approach fosters smoother relationships with banks and other institutions, saving time and avoiding unnecessary complexity.
When trust documents are complete and organized, trustees can act with greater confidence knowing their authority is clearly documented and supported. Beneficiaries also benefit from transparent processes that clarify expectations for distributions and administration. Maintaining a clear trail of amendments, successor appointments, and supporting authorizations like health care directives reduces ambiguity and builds trust among family members. In Barstow, adopting thorough documentation habits helps prevent misunderstandings and supports an orderly administration that aligns with the settlor’s intentions and the needs of beneficiaries.
Before preparing a certification of trust, contact the receiving institution to confirm the specific form, language, and notarization they require. Many banks and title companies have preferred templates or particular statements they want included, and using their format can reduce the chance of rejection. Verifying requirements in advance saves time and prevents multiple rounds of edits. For trustees in Barstow, obtaining these guidelines early helps tailor the certification to the institution’s needs while ensuring that the trustee’s authority is communicated clearly and accurately.
Draft the certification with clear, specific language that accurately reflects the trustee’s authority and any limitations. Avoid vague terms that could lead to requests for clarification. Where relevant, refer to the trust date and any amendments so the institution can match the certification to the underlying document. Including details about successor trustees and the scope of powers being asserted can prevent misunderstandings. For Barstow trustees, precise wording promotes institutional acceptance and reduces back-and-forth communications that delay transactions.
People often seek a certification of trust when financial institutions, title companies, or transfer agents request verification of a trustee’s authority. The certification streamlines administrative tasks such as account management, property retitling, and benefit claims without exposing private terms of the trust. When assets are moved into a trust or when a trustee steps in to manage affairs due to incapacity or death, a clear certification helps avoid delays and confusion. For Barstow residents, timely preparation of a certification supports continuity of asset management and reduces the administrative burden associated with trust administration.
A certification also provides reassurance for trustees stepping into their role by clarifying what they may do and establishing credibility with institutions that are unfamiliar with the trust. It can be especially helpful when dealing with retirement plan administrators, brokerage firms, or mortgage lenders that expect standardized verification. Preparing a certification ahead of time as part of regular trust maintenance makes it easier to respond to requests and reduces stress during key life events. For families in Barstow this preparation helps ensure assets continue to be managed efficiently in alignment with the settlor’s instructions.
Common triggers for a certification include opening or accessing trust-managed bank accounts, transferring real estate into or out of trust ownership, making changes to investment accounts, or claiming death benefits through retirement plans. Institutions often request proof of trustee authority before allowing transactions that affect ownership or access. Additionally, life events like incapacity or the passing of the settlor commonly prompt institutions to ask for documentation. For those in Barstow managing trust affairs, anticipating these situations and preparing a certification in advance reduces delays and supports orderly administration.
When trustees need to access or manage trust-owned financial accounts, banks and brokers typically want a certification to confirm the trustee’s authority. This ensures that transactions such as transfers, distributions, or account re-registration are performed by the appropriate person. A clear certification helps the institution verify that the trustee has the legal power to act and aligns with anti-fraud safeguards. For Barstow trustees, presenting a concise certification along with identification can facilitate prompt handling of routine financial matters without disclosing sensitive trust provisions.
Real property transfers involving trust property often trigger requests for proof of trustee authority, and a certification is frequently used to satisfy title companies and county recorders. The certification confirms who may sign deeds or handle closings on the trust’s behalf; however, some conveyances may require the full trust or additional affidavits. Preparing the certification in coordination with the title company and ensuring proper notarization helps avoid last-minute issues. For Barstow property matters, early communication with the title company and careful documentation pave the way for successful transfers.
Retirement plan administrators and life insurance companies often request documentation proving a trustee’s authority to claim benefits or manage plan assets. A certification specifying the trustee’s power to manage such accounts can satisfy administrative requirements in many cases. However, some providers may have additional rules or forms that must be completed. Trustees in Barstow should verify the plan administrator’s policies and prepare the certification to match those specifications in order to minimize processing delays and ensure that beneficiaries or trustees can access funds when needed.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman provide assistance to Barstow clients who need trust certifications and related documents prepared correctly and efficiently. Our team reviews trust instruments, confirms trustee authority, and drafts certifications in formats commonly accepted by banks and title companies. We also advise on supporting documents such as powers of attorney, HIPAA authorizations, and pour-over wills, ensuring trustees have a complete set of records when dealing with third parties. Our goal is to make trust administration smoother so clients can focus on their family and financial priorities.
We assist trustees by reviewing the underlying trust and drafting a certification that reflects current trustee authority and relevant powers precisely. This includes checking for amendments, successor trustee appointments, and any limitations that could affect proposed transactions. By ensuring the certification is tailored to the institution’s expectations, trustees face fewer follow-up requests and less administrative friction. For Barstow clients, this preparation helps complete transactions efficiently, whether the matter involves bank accounts, investment firms, or title companies.
In addition to preparing certifications, we guide trustees on how to present documentation, including recommendations for notarization, attestation, and supporting identification. We coordinate with financial institutions and title companies when appropriate to reduce uncertainty and streamline acceptance. This proactive communication and attention to procedural details helps prevent common setbacks and ensures trustees are ready to handle account changes and property matters. For families in Barstow, such practical assistance lessens administrative burdens during sensitive times.
We also help clients maintain an organized set of estate planning documents, including revocable living trusts, pour-over wills, powers of attorney, and health care directives. Keeping these records up to date and accessible is valuable for long-term trust administration and for responding to institutional requests promptly. By preparing clear certifications and related materials, trustees in Barstow can manage assets with confidence and help ensure that transactions proceed without unnecessary delay or confusion.
Our process begins with a careful review of the trust instrument and any amendments to confirm the current trustee and the scope of powers. We then prepare a concise certification tailored to the requesting institution’s requirements, verifying dates, trustee identities, and relevant authorities. Where necessary, we coordinate with banks, title agents, or plan administrators to confirm acceptable language and notarization. Finally, we provide guidance on signing and recordkeeping so trustees maintain consistent documentation. This methodical approach helps ensure the certification is effective and readily accepted.
The initial step involves examining the trust document and any amendments to verify the trust’s existence, current trustees, and the powers granted. This review identifies potential limitations, successor trustee provisions, or inconsistencies that could affect a trustee’s authority to act. We note any details that must be referenced in the certification and confirm dates and signatures. For Barstow clients, this verification step helps build a certification that accurately reflects the trust’s status and reduces the chance of institutional questions or rejections.
A thorough review confirms whether the trust was properly executed, whether the settlor remains able to modify the trust, and whether any amendments change trustee powers. We identify the precise language that establishes authority, note successor trustee designations, and confirm any conditions or limitations. Understanding these factors ensures the certification will represent the trust accurately. For trustees in Barstow, this careful review reduces the risk of misstatements and increases the likelihood that banks and other institutions will accept the certification without further documentation requests.
Different institutions sometimes require specific phrasing or additional attestations, so we determine whether a bank, title company, or retirement plan administrator has a preferred certification form. When necessary, we tailor the certification to fit those expectations while preserving the confidentiality of the trust’s substantive provisions. Confirming these preferences ahead of preparation minimizes revisions and expedites acceptance. For Barstow trustees, this advance coordination often results in faster processing and fewer hurdles when carrying out trust administration tasks.
After verifying the trust documents and institutional requirements, we draft the certification to include the trust name, date, trustee identities, and a concise statement of authority relevant to the requested transaction. We ensure the language is clear and aligns with the institution’s standards so the certification can be accepted without exposing detailed trust terms. Where notarization or witness signatures are recommended, we provide guidance so the certification meets procedural expectations. Final review with the trustee confirms accuracy before delivery to the requesting party.
During preparation we focus on clarity and precision, listing only essential facts such as the trust’s legal title, effective date, and the trustee’s authority to act in the specific matter at hand. We include any necessary attestations and recommend whether notarization will aid acceptance. The goal is a concise document that provides institutional confidence without divulging confidential distribution terms. For Barstow trustees, this careful drafting helps facilitate bank and title company transactions while preserving the trust’s private details.
We coordinate with the trustee and, when appropriate, the requesting institution to verify that the certification meets expectations. This can involve confirming exact wording, required signatures, and any accompanying identification. Clear communication reduces back-and-forth and speeds acceptance. For Barstow clients, our coordination ensures the certification arrives in the proper form and is accompanied by the correct supporting documents so institutions can process transactions promptly and with minimal disruption.
The final step includes signing the certification, arranging for notarization if needed, and keeping copies for trust records. Proper execution and notarization enhance institutional acceptance and provide a clear paper trail. We advise trustees on document retention and on how to present certifications along with identification when conducting trust business. Maintaining organized records of certifications, trust documents, and ancillary authorizations helps trustees manage assets effectively and respond to future queries or transactions with confidence.
We recommend following the receiving institution’s notarization and signature requirements and advise trustees on the best practices for executing the certification. Notarization can increase institutional acceptance and provides a formal attestation of the signature. We explain how to prepare identification and additional proof the institution may ask for when accepting the certification. For Barstow trustees, following these recommendations often leads to smoother processing and fewer requests for follow-up verification.
After execution, trustees should retain copies of the certification, the trust instrument, and any related documents like powers of attorney and health care directives. Organized records support future transactions and make it easier to respond if institutions later request additional proof. Regularly updating the trust file after amendments and recording successor appointments keeps the documentation aligned with current authority. For Barstow families, good recordkeeping reduces stress and ensures that trustees can manage trust affairs efficiently over the long term.
A certification of trust is a concise document that confirms a trust’s existence, identifies the trustees, and states the trustee’s authority to act in specified matters. Institutions such as banks or title companies use it to verify who may manage or transfer trust assets without seeing the trust’s full provisions. The certification protects the privacy of the trust’s substantive terms, like distribution details and specific beneficiary allocations, while providing enough information for third parties to rely on the trustee’s authority. Preparing a certification involves reviewing the trust and any amendments to ensure accurate representation of current trustee powers. While the certification does not replace the trust instrument in every situation, it is a practical tool for routine transactions and reduces the need to disclose the full trust document to many institutions.
Banks and financial institutions will sometimes accept a certification of trust for routine account management, such as distributions, changes in account registration, or endorsements, but acceptance varies by institution. Many banks have their own forms or specific language they prefer, and some will accept a notarized certification in place of the full trust. It is important for trustees to contact the bank in advance to confirm their requirements. When a bank has higher scrutiny concerns, such as large transfers, complex account types, or suspected fraud risks, it may request additional documentation like the full trust or supporting affidavits. Verifying the bank’s policies beforehand and tailoring the certification accordingly helps reduce the likelihood of rejection or additional document requests.
Typical contents of a certification of trust include the trust’s legal name, the date it was created, confirmation that the trust remains in effect, names of the current trustees, and a statement summarizing the trustee’s authority for the transaction at hand. It may also include language noting any limitations on authority, successor trustee appointments, and a statement that the certification does not modify the trust. These elements provide institutions with the facts they need to accept trustee actions without reviewing distribution specifics. The certification should avoid disclosing confidential trust provisions while including enough detail to be useful. Where institutions have specific form preferences, matching that format increases the chance of acceptance and reduces delays for the trustee when conducting business on the trust’s behalf.
Notarization is often recommended because it provides an additional layer of verification that can improve acceptance by institutions. Many banks and title companies will request or prefer a notarized certification to guard against forgery and to confirm the trustee’s signature. Notarization also creates a formal record that can be useful if the certification is later questioned. Trustees should check with the receiving institution to determine whether notarization is required or advisable for their specific transaction. Even when notarization is not explicitly required, having the certification notarized can reduce follow-up requests and expedite processing. Ensuring all parties sign in the presence of a notary and retaining the notarized copy in trust records supports clear proof of authorization and helps trustees present a well-documented chain of authority.
A certification of trust can sometimes be used in real property transactions to confirm a trustee’s authority to sign deeds or handle closings, but title companies and county recorders may have varying requirements. Simple transfers may accept a certification accompanied by a deed and proper notarization, while more complicated conveyances often require the full trust or additional affidavits to address title insurance concerns. Trustees should consult the title company early in the process to understand whether a certification will suffice for the planned transfer. When the title company or recorder requests the full trust, preparing and providing appropriate redactions or related documents may be necessary. Coordinating with legal counsel and the title agent helps ensure that property transfers proceed smoothly and comply with institutional and local recording requirements.
A trustee named in the trust instrument is the person authorized to sign a certification of trust on behalf of the trust. If the trustee has delegated certain duties or a successor trustee is in place, the certification should reflect the current acting trustee’s status and authority. When multiple trustees exist, the certification may identify whether all trustees must act jointly or whether a single trustee has authority to act alone, depending on the trust’s provisions. Clear identification reduces institutional uncertainty and helps confirm who may sign for trust transactions. In some cases, corporate trustees or trust companies act in that role; the certification should include the entity’s name and the authorized signatory. Ensuring the signature is supported by proper corporate or trust documentation and appropriate notarization helps institutions accept the trustee’s authority without additional delay.
If a third party refuses a certification, first ask for a written explanation of the reasons and any specific additional documentation they require. Often the rejection stems from missing language, a lack of notarization, or a preference for their own form. Clarifying the precise deficiency allows you to provide the requested modifications or additional proof, such as a full trust copy or supplemental affidavits, to meet the institution’s standards. Direct communication with the institution can often resolve the issue without escalating matters. If disagreements persist or the institution insists on the full trust contrary to expectations, consulting legal counsel can help evaluate options and coordinate a response. Counsel can prepare the requested documentation in a targeted way that balances the institution’s needs with the client’s interest in protecting confidential trust terms, and can communicate directly with the institution to facilitate acceptance.
Store certifications of trust alongside the trust instrument, amendments, powers of attorney, and health care directives in a secure but accessible location. Maintaining both digital and physical copies ensures trustees can provide documentation when needed. Use password-protected digital storage for scanned copies and maintain an inventory of where original documents are kept. Inform successor trustees and key family members of the location so documents can be located quickly in times of need, such as during incapacity or after a settlor’s death. Regularly review and update records after trust amendments or after a change in trustees. Keeping an organized file with dated versions helps respond to institutional requests and preserves a clear record of authority over time. Consistent recordkeeping reduces friction and supports efficient trust administration for Barstow families.
No, a proper certification of trust is designed to confirm essential facts about the trust and the trustee’s authority without disclosing beneficiary shares or detailed distribution terms. The certification intentionally limits the information provided so that third parties can verify authority without accessing the private provisions that determine how distributions are made. This approach protects family privacy while allowing trustees to manage accounts and property in practical ways. If an institution requests beneficiary details or a copy of the full trust, trustees should verify whether those requests are necessary for the transaction and whether redactions or limited disclosure are appropriate. Seeking guidance about alternatives can preserve confidentiality while satisfying institutional requirements when feasible.
A pour-over will works with a revocable living trust by directing assets not already in the trust to be transferred into the trust upon the settlor’s death. The certification of trust proves the trust’s existence and trustee authority during administration, while the pour-over will ensures remaining probate assets are moved into trust for distribution according to the trust’s terms. Together, these documents help consolidate estate administration and align asset transfers with the settlor’s plans. When administering an estate, trustees may use certifications to manage trust assets that received property via a pour-over process. Coordinating the will, trust, and necessary certifications ensures that assets are handled properly and that institutions can accept trustee actions during the post-death administration process.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas