If you are considering changing the terms of an existing trust in Shandon, a trust modification petition can help you pursue those changes through the California court system when private amendment is not available or appropriate. The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assists individuals and families in determining whether a judicial petition is the right path, explaining the legal standards, the documentation required, and the likely timeline. Our approach focuses on clear communication, careful preparation of pleadings and supporting evidence, and practical guidance to minimize delay and reduce conflict among interested parties during the process.
Trust modification petitions involve navigating state statutes, interpreting trust language, and assessing the rights of trustees and beneficiaries. In many situations, parties can address minor changes through agreement and paperwork, but when disagreements arise or the trust is irrevocable and does not allow a change, a petition to the court becomes necessary. We help clients evaluate alternatives, weigh the risks and benefits of a petition, and gather the factual and documentary support needed to present a persuasive case. Throughout this process, our focus remains on protecting client intentions while seeking an efficient resolution that respects family relationships and estate planning goals.
Filing a trust modification petition can preserve the grantor’s original intent or adapt a trust to unforeseen circumstances such as changes in family dynamics, incapacity, or tax law developments. The court process provides a formal mechanism to clarify ambiguities, correct mistakes, or enable modifications when the trust instrument itself lacks a clear amendment procedure. Pursuing a petition offers legal certainty, helps prevent future disputes, and ensures that assets are managed or distributed according to updated goals. A thoughtful petition can also address administrative issues, remove or replace trustees, and resolve conflicts without undermining the overall structure of the trust.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman provides estate planning and trust administration services to clients across California, including residents of San Luis Obispo County and Shandon. Our practice handles trust drafting, trust modification petitions, trustee actions, and related probate matters. We place emphasis on clear client communication, meticulous document preparation, and pragmatic strategies tailored to each family’s circumstances. Whether the goal is to clarify trust provisions, correct an administrative error, or pursue a formal modification, our team works closely with clients to gather necessary records, evaluate legal options, and present persuasive petitions to the court when litigation is required.
A trust modification petition is a court filing that seeks judicial approval to change the terms, administration, or beneficiaries of an existing trust when private amendment is not available or when parties cannot agree. California law allows petitions under certain circumstances, such as when the trust contains mistakes, ambiguities, or when unforeseen changes make the original provisions impractical. The petition typically outlines the requested modification, identifies interested parties, presents factual support and legal arguments, and proposes revised trust language. The court evaluates the petition in light of the grantor’s intent, applicable statutes, and the best interests of beneficiaries.
Filing a petition requires careful consideration of notice requirements, timing, and potential objections from beneficiaries or trustees. Interested parties must be notified so they have an opportunity to respond, and the court may schedule hearings to resolve disputes. Evidence such as declarations, trust documents, communications with the grantor, and financial records can support the requested modification. In some cases, the court may allow limited modifications for administrative convenience; in others, more substantive changes may be permitted if they align with the grantor’s probable intent and do not unfairly prejudice beneficiaries. A well-prepared petition anticipates objections and sets forth persuasive factual and legal grounds.
A trust modification petition is a legal request asking a court to alter a trust’s provisions in cases where changes are necessary and cannot be accomplished by the parties alone. Common scenarios include correcting drafting errors, clarifying ambiguous language, adjusting distributions due to changed circumstances, and addressing trustee incapacity or misconduct. The petition process is formal and requires compliance with California rules for notices and filings. The court’s role is to ensure that modifications respect the intent of the grantor to the extent possible while protecting beneficiaries’ rights and ensuring proper administration of assets.
A successful trust modification petition typically includes a clear statement of the relief sought, a chronological explanation of events that justify the change, and supporting evidence such as trust instruments, correspondence, and financial records. The petition must identify and notify all interested persons, propose specific revised trust language when applicable, and explain how the requested change aligns with the grantor’s intent or addresses a legal or factual defect. The court may require hearings, mediation, or additional documentation. Preparing a petition also means anticipating likely objections and presenting solutions that protect the interests of all parties involved.
Understanding the terminology used in trust modification matters helps clients follow the process and make informed decisions. Common terms include grantor, trustee, beneficiary, revocable trust, irrevocable trust, petition, proposed modification, notice, and hearing. Knowing these concepts clarifies who must be involved, what rights are at stake, and how the court evaluates requested changes. Clear definitions also make it easier to gather the correct documents and prepare declarations or evidence that support the petition. Familiarity with these terms reduces uncertainty and helps families plan their next steps with confidence.
The grantor is the person who created the trust and whose intentions typically guide how the trust should be interpreted and administered. In trust modification proceedings, courts prioritize evidence that clarifies the grantor’s original intent, including the trust document itself and surrounding communications or circumstances. If the grantor is alive, their current wishes may be relevant, though capacity and undue influence issues can arise. When the grantor is deceased, courts rely on the trust terms and extrinsic evidence to determine whether a modification aligns with what the grantor likely intended when establishing the trust.
A proposed modification is the specific change requested in a petition, often drafted as revised trust language that the court could adopt if it grants the petition. A clear, detailed proposed modification helps the court and interested parties understand the exact relief sought and the practical consequences for trust administration. Well-drafted proposed language anticipates implementation steps, addresses tax or creditor implications when relevant, and minimizes ambiguity that could cause further litigation. Providing a concrete proposal also makes settlement or negotiated resolutions more likely because parties can see the precise outcome being requested.
The trustee is the individual or institution responsible for administering the trust according to its terms and applicable law. In modification proceedings, the trustee’s conduct, decisions, and willingness to implement changes are central considerations. If the trustee opposes a change, the court will assess whether the trustee has acted within their authority and whether the proposed modification conflicts with the grantor’s intent. In some petitions, removal or substitution of a trustee may be requested when a trustee is unable or unwilling to perform duties effectively or in a manner consistent with the trust’s objectives.
A beneficiary is a person or entity entitled to receive benefits from the trust, such as income, principal, or other distributions. Beneficiaries have legal rights to receive notice of modification petitions and may object if they believe a change would harm their interest. Courts weigh beneficiary objections alongside the grantor’s intent and the proposed modification’s practical impact. Sometimes a modification benefits some beneficiaries while disadvantaging others, and the court must determine whether the change is fair and legally appropriate given the trust’s terms and applicable law.
When considering changes to a trust, parties may explore informal agreements, nonjudicial settlement agreements, or formal court petitions. Informal agreement among beneficiaries and trustees can be quick and cost-effective if all parties consent and the trust allows nonjudicial changes. Nonjudicial settlement agreements offer a structured alternative when statutes permit resolving certain matters without court involvement. A court petition becomes necessary when parties disagree, the trust lacks an amendment mechanism, or legal issues such as ambiguity or incapacity require judicial resolution. Choosing the right path depends on the nature of the requested change and the level of dispute among interested persons.
If all beneficiaries and the trustee agree on a change, they may be able to achieve the desired outcome without court involvement through a signed settlement agreement or by following the trust’s amendment provisions. This approach can save time and legal costs while preserving family relationships. It works best when the requested change is administrative or clarifying rather than substantive and when no third-party rights will be impaired. Clear documentation of the agreement and appropriate updates to trust records ensure that the trust continues to function smoothly and that future disputes are less likely to arise.
Some changes involve straightforward administrative corrections such as fixing clerical errors, updating contact information, or clarifying ambiguous language that does not alter beneficiaries’ substantive rights. When the trust allows for simple amendments or when beneficiaries consent, these matters can often be handled without court petitions. Completing accurate documentation and ensuring all interested persons receive notice help prevent later disputes. Even for minor corrections, careful attention to recordkeeping and proper execution of documents ensures the trust remains legally robust and administratively sound for future trustees and beneficiaries.
When beneficiaries or trustees cannot agree on a change, or when trust language is ambiguous and parties interpret key provisions differently, a court petition provides a neutral forum for resolving disputes. The court can examine evidence, hear testimony, and issue binding orders that clarify trust administration and distribution. This formal avenue is important when private negotiation fails or when a proposed modification significantly affects distributions, fiduciary powers, or the rights of interested persons. Pursuing a petition helps obtain legal certainty and a direction that all parties must follow, reducing potential for ongoing conflict.
Certain circumstances raise legal or factual issues that warrant judicial review, such as allegations of lack of capacity, undue influence, fraud, or uncertainty about tax consequences. When the underlying facts are disputed or when the requested change has broad implications for asset distribution and creditor rights, the court’s role becomes necessary to evaluate claims and protect all parties. Complex modifications often require detailed evidence, expert testimony about financial or medical matters, or careful legal argument about statutory interpretation, making the petition process the appropriate path to resolution.
A comprehensive approach to trust modification ensures that proposed changes are legally sound, well-documented, and likely to withstand future challenges. By preparing full evidence and anticipating objections, petitioners increase their chances of obtaining clear judicial orders that resolve ambiguities and formalize the updated administration plan. Thorough preparation minimizes the risk of remand or additional litigation and provides beneficiaries with predictable outcomes. When handled carefully, a judicially approved modification can enhance long-term stability in trust administration and reduce the likelihood of costly disputes among family members.
In addition to legal certainty, a careful petition process fosters transparent communication among parties and establishes a record that courts and trustees can rely on in the future. The resulting court order can resolve multiple issues at once, such as trustee succession, distribution schedules, and administrative powers. This comprehensive resolution not only addresses the immediate need for change but also anticipates potential complications, providing a clear framework for the trust’s operation going forward. The result is smoother administration and reduced uncertainty for beneficiaries and fiduciaries alike.
Obtaining a court order that approves a modification provides authoritative guidance on how the trust should be administered and reduces the risk of future disputes over the same issues. When the court adopts a proposed change, its order becomes binding on interested parties and successors, which helps prevent recurring conflicts and clarifies rights and obligations. This level of certainty benefits trustees who must act on the trust terms and beneficiaries who seek predictable outcomes. A comprehensive petition anticipates defenses and objections so the resulting order addresses foreseeable concerns and minimizes the potential for later challenges.
A thorough petition can resolve multiple related issues in a single proceeding, such as trustee replacement, amendment of distribution terms, and clarification of administrative powers. By addressing interconnected matters together, the court can craft a coherent solution that reflects the grantor’s intent and the practical needs of beneficiaries. Consolidating disputes into one proceeding reduces redundant filings and can save time and resources overall. The comprehensive approach also helps ensure that the implementation details are addressed, avoiding ambiguity that could lead to further administrative problems down the road.
Begin by collecting the original trust document, any amendments, related wills, powers of attorney, advance health care directives, and financial statements. Accurate and complete documentation supports factual assertions about the grantor’s intent and the trust’s administration history. Records of communications, signed letters, or contemporaneous notes can provide helpful context. If property was transferred into the trust, evidence of transfers and asset valuations will clarify the trust’s composition. Well-organized records reduce delays and strengthen the petition by making it easier to show why the court should approve the requested modification.
Think through likely challenges such as claims of capacity, undue influence, or concerns about beneficiary rights and assemble supporting evidence accordingly. Declarations from witnesses, medical records when relevant, and detailed financial documentation can address factual disputes. A proposed modified trust instrument that clearly sets out implementation steps also helps the court and interested parties evaluate the request. Preparing thorough, targeted evidence in advance makes the petition process more efficient and increases the likelihood of a favorable, durable outcome.
Consider a trust modification petition when the trust’s terms no longer reflect the grantor’s original intent or when changed circumstances make the original provisions impractical. Examples include significant family changes, such as divorce, births, or deaths, changes in estate tax or asset values, or discovery of drafting errors that affect distributions or trustee powers. When beneficiaries or trustees cannot reach an agreement, or when the trust is irrevocable and lacks a mechanism for amendment, a petition provides a formal route to seek court authorization for necessary adjustments while preserving legal order and protecting interested parties’ rights.
A petition may also be appropriate to address issues of trustee capacity, alleged misconduct, or conflicts about interpretation of trust provisions. If a trustee is unable or unwilling to administer the trust as intended, or if competing interpretations of benefit allocations exist, the court can clarify responsibilities and authorize corrective measures. Pursuing a petition is often the best way to establish a clear, enforceable plan for administration that prevents ongoing disputes. Timely action can preserve estate value and help ensure distributions occur in line with updated objectives.
Typical situations prompting trust modification petitions include ambiguous or mistaken provisions discovered after the grantor’s death, changes in beneficiary circumstances such as incapacity or financial hardship, and the need to replace or remove a trustee. Other triggers include tax law changes that affect asset distribution, transfers that were not properly documented, and family disputes that impede administration. Each scenario requires careful review to determine whether a nonjudicial solution is available or whether a petition is necessary to achieve a definitive resolution that protects the interests of all parties involved.
When trust provisions are unclear or contain drafting errors, beneficiaries and trustees may disagree about interpretation, which can impair proper administration. A petition can ask the court to construe ambiguous terms, correct mistakes, or reform the document to reflect the grantor’s intent. Presenting extrinsic evidence such as drafts, correspondence, or consistent prior practices can help the court understand the intended meaning. Clarifying ambiguous language through a judicial order prevents conflicting interpretations and supports consistent, lawful administration in the future.
Significant changes in beneficiaries’ lives, such as severe illness, disability, or financial distress, may make existing distribution schedules or terms impractical. A modification petition can request adjustments that better address current needs while balancing interests of all beneficiaries. The court considers whether changes align with the grantor’s overall objectives and whether they fairly treat interested persons. Well-supported petitions focus on the facts demonstrating the need for change and propose specific, equitable adjustments consistent with the trust’s purpose.
Problems with funding the trust, such as assets left out of the trust or incorrectly titled property, can create uncertainty and administrative complications. A petition can request remedies that address funding errors, confirm the trust’s scope, and authorize steps for proper administration. Courts may order transfers, approve distribution plans, or permit modifications that enable efficient management of trust assets. Addressing funding and administrative errors through the proper legal process reduces the risk of later disputes and helps trustees fulfill their duties effectively.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman serves clients in Shandon, San Luis Obispo County, and throughout California with practical trust and estate planning assistance. We are available to review existing trust documents, advise on the viability of a trust modification petition, and guide clients through notice, filing, and hearing procedures. We prioritize clear communication and careful preparation to minimize uncertainty and delays. Whether you seek to correct a drafting error, update provisions to reflect new circumstances, or pursue judicial relief when agreements cannot be reached, we provide hands-on support tailored to your family’s situation.
Choosing representation for a trust modification petition involves selecting a firm familiar with California trust law, local court procedures, and the practical realities of family dynamics. Our office brings a depth of experience in drafting petitions, preparing declarations, and coordinating the required notices to interested parties. We work to present your case clearly and persuasively to the court while seeking to preserve relationships when possible. Our approach emphasizes thorough preparation, realistic timelines, and a focus on legal strategies that aim to resolve disputes efficiently.
We assist clients in identifying alternatives to litigation when appropriate and in building a strong record when court intervention is necessary. From evaluating the trust document and gathering supporting documentation to preparing proposed modified language and representing clients at hearings, our services encompass every phase of the trust modification process. We also stay mindful of administrative details such as preparing notices, filing required court forms, and complying with procedural rules to avoid unnecessary delays and protect clients’ rights throughout the process.
Our practice includes working with trustees and beneficiaries on both contested and uncontested matters, seeking solutions that address immediate needs while protecting long-term estate planning goals. We explain potential outcomes and the practical consequences of different paths, enabling clients to make informed decisions. Whether the objective is to achieve an agreed amendment or to pursue a court-ordered modification, we provide consistent guidance and attentive service aimed at achieving clear, enforceable results for families in Shandon and across San Luis Obispo County.
Our process begins with a detailed intake to understand the trust’s history, the requested change, and the positions of interested parties. We review the trust document and related records, identify required notices and potential obstacles, and advise on alternatives to litigation. If a petition is the best route, we prepare a concise, well-supported pleading with proposed modified language and the evidence needed to support the request. We handle filing, service, and court communications, and represent clients at hearings to present factual and legal arguments that support an efficient, clear resolution.
The first step is to assemble the trust document, amendments, asset records, correspondence, and any medical or financial evidence relevant to the requested modification. Gathering comprehensive documentation enables us to evaluate the strength of the petition and anticipate objections. We also identify interested persons and determine who must receive notice. Early fact-finding sets the foundation for a persuasive petition and helps establish timelines and likely costs, enabling clients to make informed decisions about how to proceed.
We carefully examine the trust, wills, powers of attorney, certifications of trust, and any prior amendments to determine what changes are needed and whether the trust contains an amendment mechanism. This review clarifies the legal issues and identifies potentially conflicting provisions. Understanding how the trust was funded and administered also informs the formulation of proposed changes. The review produces a clear plan for the petition that includes supporting evidence and proposed revised language when appropriate, streamlining the court presentation.
We gather declarations, asset statements, communications showing the grantor’s intent, and any medical or financial documents relevant to capacity or need. At the same time, we identify and locate interested persons who must receive notice. Proper identification and service reduce procedural challenges and help ensure that the court has jurisdiction to act. This preparation also facilitates early discussion with other parties and may open opportunities for negotiated resolutions before formal hearings are necessary.
After documentation is compiled and proposed modifications are drafted, we prepare and file the petition with the appropriate California court. Accurate and timely notice to all interested persons is essential and follows statutory and local rules. We prepare declarations and supporting exhibits to accompany the petition and present the factual basis for the requested change. Once filed, courts may set hearing dates or refer matters to alternative dispute resolution as part of case management, and we manage all communications and filings to move the matter forward efficiently.
The petition must clearly state the relief sought, outline the factual basis for change, and include proposed modified language where applicable. Supporting declarations from witnesses, records of communications, and financial or medical documentation help establish the need for modification. Clear, organized exhibits make it easier for the court to understand the request and reduce opportunities for procedural objections. We prepare thorough filings to present a concise, persuasive case at the initial hearing and to facilitate informed responses by interested persons.
Timely service of notice on all interested persons is required and often involves certified mail or personal service depending on local rules. Once parties are served, they have the opportunity to file objections or to negotiate resolutions. We monitor responses, communicate with other parties’ counsel when appropriate, and prepare any necessary reply filings. Effective management of notice and responses helps prevent delays and positions the petition for a prompt court hearing and decision.
If the matter proceeds to hearing, we present the record, call witnesses by declaration or testimony if needed, and argue why the court should approve the proposed modification. Judges consider the grantor’s intent, the effect on beneficiaries, and statutory criteria when ruling. If the court grants the petition, we assist with implementing the order, updating trust records, and notifying financial institutions or other entities. If the court denies the petition or modifies the request, we advise on next steps, including possible appeals or alternative approaches to reach the client’s objectives.
At hearing, the court reviews submitted evidence, hears legal argument, and evaluates whether the proposed modification aligns with the trust’s purposes and relevant law. We organize testimony, declarations, and exhibits to tell a coherent factual story supporting the requested change. Concise presentation focused on the core legal issues helps the court reach a clear decision. Our goal at hearing is to obtain an order that resolves ambiguity, authorizes appropriate changes, and provides practical instructions for trust administration going forward.
After the court issues an order, we help implement required changes, including preparing amended trust documents, notifying banks or institutions holding trust assets, and updating asset titling as necessary. Proper implementation ensures that the court’s instructions are followed and that trustees have a clear roadmap for administration. We also advise beneficiaries on the practical effects of the order and assist with any administrative steps required to make distributions or exercise trustee powers in accordance with the new terms.
A trust modification petition is appropriate when the trust’s terms are ambiguous, contain drafting errors, or when changed circumstances make the original provisions impractical and parties cannot reach agreement. The court evaluates whether the proposed change aligns with the grantor’s intent and whether it fairly balances the interests of beneficiaries. Common reasons include correcting mistakes, clarifying unclear language, addressing trustee incapacity, or modifying distributions due to family changes. Supporting evidence such as the original trust document, prior drafts, communications with the grantor, and financial or medical records can help demonstrate why modification is warranted. The court also considers notice to interested persons and any objections raised. Preparing a clear petition with targeted evidence improves the likelihood that the court will allow the requested changes while protecting beneficiary rights.
Timing varies based on case complexity, notice periods, and court schedules. Simple, uncontested matters that proceed by agreement or streamlined procedures may be resolved more quickly, while contested petitions that require extensive evidence and hearings can take several months or longer. Local court calendars and the need for additional discovery or expert testimony affect the timeline. Early preparation and compliance with notice requirements can shorten delays. Providing clear proposed language and well-organized evidence helps the court consider the matter efficiently. In some cases, parties can narrow disputes through negotiation or mediation, which may lead to faster resolution than prolonged litigation and reduce total time in court.
All interested persons must receive notice of a trust modification petition. Interested persons typically include current and remainder beneficiaries, trustees, and any persons who have a present or future interest under the trust. Proper notice is required by statute and by local court rules to ensure that those affected have an opportunity to respond or object. The identity and location of interested persons must be carefully researched and verified, and service must follow the correct legal procedures. Failure to provide adequate notice can result in delays or dismissal of the petition. When parties cannot be located, courts provide alternative methods of notice, but these require careful handling to satisfy legal standards.
Yes, under certain circumstances an irrevocable trust may be modified by petition to the court, though courts apply close scrutiny to ensure changes do not contravene statute or the grantor’s intent. Modifications to an irrevocable trust may be allowed to correct mistakes, address impractical provisions, or respond to changed circumstances when doing so is consistent with the trust’s overarching purpose. The court will consider whether the requested changes are equitable and legally permissible. Because irrevocable trusts limit the grantor’s ability to alter terms, petitions typically require strong factual support and careful legal argument. The court aims to protect beneficiaries’ rights and preserve the integrity of irrevocable arrangements, so a well-documented petition explaining the necessity and fairness of the change is essential for success.
Compelling evidence includes the original trust document and any prior drafts or amendments that shed light on the grantor’s intent. Contemporaneous communications, such as letters or emails, and declarations from individuals who had regular contact with the grantor can be valuable. Financial records and asset transfer documentation also help show the trust’s composition and administration history. When issues of capacity or undue influence arise, medical records and expert declarations addressing those topics may be necessary. Providing clear, organized exhibits and concise declarations that directly relate to the requested modification strengthens the petition and helps the court make an informed decision based on the factual record.
Courts often hold hearings on trust modification petitions, especially when objections are filed or factual disputes exist. Hearings allow the court to evaluate testimony, review evidence, and resolve contested issues. For uncontested matters or when parties reach an agreement, the court may review the filings and issue an order without a full evidentiary hearing, depending on local practice and the nature of the relief sought. Preparing for the possibility of a hearing is important because it ensures that declarations, exhibits, and legal arguments are ready if the court requests oral argument. A clear, well-supported petition reduces the need for extended court time and can streamline the hearing process if one is required.
A court-approved modification becomes part of the trust’s controlling terms and therefore affects beneficiaries’ rights as reflected in the new language. Changes that alter distributions, timing, or conditions could increase or decrease particular beneficiaries’ interests, and the court weighs fairness and the grantor’s intent in deciding whether to approve such changes. Beneficiaries have the opportunity to object, and their concerns are considered before a final order is made. When a modification affects a beneficiary’s interest, careful drafting of the proposed change and clear justification in the petition help the court balance competing concerns. The goal is to achieve an outcome that reflects the grantor’s intent while protecting beneficiary expectations to the extent possible under the law.
Yes, a petition can request replacement or removal of a trustee when necessary due to incapacity, misconduct, conflict of interest, or inability to perform duties. The court examines the trustee’s conduct, the effect on trust administration, and available alternatives before ordering removal. If removal is warranted, the court can appoint a successor trustee and provide instructions to ensure continued, orderly trust administration. When seeking trustee replacement, the petition should present clear factual support for the request and propose a suitable successor. Courts prefer remedies that protect trust assets and beneficiary interests, so demonstrating that replacement will improve administration or resolve conflicts strengthens the petition.
Alternatives to filing a petition include negotiating a nonjudicial settlement agreement, using statutory procedures for certain administrative changes, or relying on amendment provisions within the trust if available. When interested persons can reach a unanimous agreement, they may resolve issues without court involvement, saving time and expense. Mediation also offers a structured forum for resolving disputes and reaching compromises that all parties can accept. However, alternatives require cooperation and may not be possible when parties disagree or when legal constraints limit private amendment. Evaluating the viability of alternatives early in the process helps determine whether a petition is necessary or whether an out-of-court solution can achieve the desired outcome more efficiently.
Costs vary depending on case complexity, the need for discovery or expert declarations, court filing fees, and local counsel rates. Simple, uncontested matters generally incur lower fees, while contested petitions that proceed to hearing require more time and expense. Court filing fees in San Luis Obispo County and associated process service costs are part of the total, and attorneys’ fees reflect the work required to prepare persuasive pleadings and supporting evidence. During the initial review, we provide an estimate based on the known facts and discuss fee structures and anticipated costs. Early preparation and efforts to narrow disputes can reduce total expenses by limiting the need for prolonged litigation and promoting more efficient resolution.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas