A Heggstad petition can resolve a common but often confusing issue that arises when assets are intended to be held in a living trust but were never properly transferred into it. This page explains what a Heggstad petition is, when it may be necessary in Santa Barbara County, and how the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman can help Toro Canyon residents navigate the court process to confirm trust ownership. We serve clients throughout California and provide clear guidance to help families ensure assets follow the trust plan they intended. If you are unsure about whether a petition is appropriate, contact our office for a consultation to discuss your circumstances and options in plain language.
Many families discover gaps between their estate plan documents and the way assets are titled during life after a loved one passes or as part of trust administration. A Heggstad petition asks the court to recognize that certain assets were intended to be trust property despite remaining in a decedent’s individual name. This remedy helps avoid delays in trust administration and can prevent unnecessary probate proceedings. On this page you will find an overview of the petition process, common scenarios that lead to filing, and practical steps to prepare the documentation needed to present a clear case to the court for the benefit of beneficiaries and trustees.
Filing a Heggstad petition can restore the intended operation of a living trust when certain assets were not properly transferred into the trust before the grantor’s death. The primary benefit is preserving the trust’s streamlined distribution plan and avoiding probate for assets that should pass under trust terms. Additionally, a successful petition clarifies title issues for financial institutions, reduces administrative delays, and protects beneficiaries from uncertainty about ownership. For trustees and families, resolving these issues through the court can bring finality and allow the trustee to manage or distribute trust assets according to the deceased grantor’s instructions.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman provides estate planning and trust administration services with a focus on clear communication and practical problem solving. Based in San Jose, we assist clients throughout California, including Toro Canyon and Santa Barbara County, with matters such as Heggstad petitions, trust modifications, and related filings. Our team prioritizes careful document review, evidence gathering, and polite but persuasive court filings to support trustees and beneficiaries in resolving title discrepancies. We emphasize working collaboratively with families and financial institutions to move trust administration forward efficiently and respectfully.
A Heggstad petition is a petition to the probate court requesting a declaratory order that specified property is trust property despite being titled in the decedent’s name. The petition process focuses on evidence showing the grantor intended the asset to be part of the trust, such as trust documents, beneficiary designations, transfer paperwork, and contemporaneous statements. This remedy is commonly used when account titles, deeds, or contracts were not updated prior to the grantor’s death. The goal is to align the legal title with the grantor’s estate plan and enable trustees to administer the trust without opening probate for those items.
Success in a Heggstad petition depends on presenting persuasive documentation and sometimes witness testimony that supports the intent to include the asset in the trust. Courts evaluate the totality of evidence, including how the asset was handled during the grantor’s life and any instructions left for the trustee. The process may involve coordinating with banks, title companies, and other third parties to obtain required records. In some instances the petition can be resolved by agreement among interested parties, while in others the court must make a formal determination to clear title for trust administration purposes.
A Heggstad petition asks the court to declare that particular property should be treated as trust property even though legal title is in the decedent’s name. The petition is a tool to honor the grantor’s intent and prevent unnecessary estate administration through probate. Required elements typically include the trust document, proof of the grantor’s death, documentation of the asset’s ownership, and evidence indicating the grantor intended the asset to be under trust control. The petition may result in a court order directing how title should be handled and enabling the trustee to manage or distribute the asset consistent with the trust.
Preparing a Heggstad petition involves gathering records that show intent to transfer assets into the trust, such as copies of the trust agreement, deeds, account statements, and contemporaneous correspondence. The process generally includes drafting the petition, serving interested parties, filing supporting declarations and exhibits, and responding to any objections. Where possible, obtaining stipulations from banks or title companies can speed resolution. The court may hold a hearing if disputes arise. The aim is to secure a judicial declaration that aligns formal title with the trust so the trustee can proceed with administration without opening probate for those specific assets.
This glossary covers commonly used terms in Heggstad petitions and trust administration to help non-lawyers follow the process. Understanding terms such as trust, trustee, grantor, probate, title, and declaratory relief can reduce confusion during estate settlement. The definitions below are provided in plain language and focus on how the terms relate to confirming trust ownership through the court process. Clear knowledge of these concepts will assist trustees and beneficiaries in gathering the right evidence and communicating effectively with financial institutions and the court.
A trust is a legal arrangement where a person, the grantor, places assets under the control of a trustee to be managed or distributed for the benefit of named beneficiaries. A living trust is commonly used to avoid probate and allow for private management of assets during and after the grantor’s life. When assets intended for a trust remain titled in the grantor’s name, a Heggstad petition can clarify that those assets should be administered according to the trust terms. Trust documents usually specify who the trustee and beneficiaries are and outline the trustee’s duties and powers.
Declaratory relief is a court judgment that clarifies the legal status or relationship of parties or property without ordering specific enforcement actions. In the Heggstad context, the court issues a declaration that certain property is trust property despite being titled in a decedent’s name. That judicial declaration helps trustees and third parties understand ownership and proceed with trust administration or transfers. Obtaining declaratory relief can prevent future disputes by creating an authoritative record of the court’s findings regarding the grantor’s intent and the proper handling of the asset.
Probate is the court-supervised process for administering a decedent’s estate, paying debts, and distributing assets when property does not pass directly through a trust or beneficiary designation. One purpose of using a living trust is to avoid probate for assets properly titled in the trust. A Heggstad petition seeks to confirm that certain assets are trust property so they will bypass probate and instead be governed by the trust’s terms. Reducing the scope of probate can save time and expense and keep distribution matters private rather than subject to public probate records.
Title refers to legal ownership of an asset, whether a bank account, real property, vehicle, or other property interest. Discrepancies between the grantor’s intent and the actual title can create obstacles in trust administration. A Heggstad petition addresses these inconsistencies by asking the court to recognize that, despite formal title remaining in the decedent’s name, the asset should be treated as trust property. Clarifying title enables trustees to sell, transfer, or distribute the asset in accordance with the trust without additional probate proceedings.
When an asset intended for a trust remains in a decedent’s name, trustees can consider several paths: filing a Heggstad petition to obtain a court declaration, opening a probate estate to administer the asset through that process, or attempting informal resolution with the entity holding title. Each path has tradeoffs. Probate may be more time consuming and public, while a negotiated resolution can be quicker but may not be possible without clear evidence. A Heggstad petition offers a targeted court remedy that can protect the trust plan while eliminating the need to probate properly trustable assets.
There are situations where a bank, brokerage, or title company will accept trust documents and supporting affidavits to retitle accounts or transfer property without court involvement. If the institution’s policies accommodate transfers upon presentation of a trust and any required identification, an informal approach can be efficient and less costly. Trustees should assemble original trust documents, a death certificate, and any beneficiary designations to present to the institution. When the institution cooperates and there are no disputes among beneficiaries or creditors, this streamlined path may resolve the issue without filing a Heggstad petition or opening probate.
If all interested parties agree about the grantor’s intent and documentary evidence clearly supports that intent, stakeholders can often resolve title issues without court involvement. Affidavits from the trustee, copies of the trust instrument, and statements from the grantor made before death can persuade institutions to retitle assets. When beneficiaries are cooperative and claims against the estate are not anticipated, the parties can proceed with trust administration based on mutual agreement. That said, if the institution refuses or disputes arise, filing a Heggstad petition may become necessary to obtain a formal declaration.
When ownership of an asset is disputed or when conflicting claims arise among potential beneficiaries, trustees, or creditors, a formal court process provides certainty that informal negotiations cannot. A Heggstad petition allows interested parties to present evidence and seek a judicial ruling that resolves disputes about whether property is part of the trust. This route can prevent later challenges to distributions and reduce the risk of litigation after the trustee acts. The court’s declaration creates an enforceable record that financial institutions and title companies will recognize when updating ownership.
Some banks, title companies, or public records offices will not retitle assets without a court order when records show the decedent as the legal owner. In cases involving deeds, real property, or accounts with unclear beneficiary designations, a Heggstad petition provides the legal authority institutions require to effect transfers. Complex title histories, multiple property interests, or missing documentation can make a negotiated resolution impractical. Using the court process yields the clarity needed to complete trust administration and avoid protracted delays or incomplete transfers.
Pursuing a Heggstad petition delivers legal certainty by obtaining a court order that clarifies ownership and confirms that assets are trust property. This approach reduces the risk of later challenges and provides institutions with the documentation they need to retitle accounts or transfer deeds. For trustees and beneficiaries, the primary advantages include clear authority to manage or distribute assets, minimized risk of future litigation over title, and an orderly path to complete trust administration. A court declaration can also protect trustees acting in good faith from claims related to distributions.
Another benefit of a comprehensive approach is that it can accelerate the overall estate settlement process by removing obstacles that would otherwise hold up distributions. Even though the court process involves filing and possible hearings, resolving title issues decisively can prevent longer delays associated with contested probate or ongoing institutional refusals. The outcome enables beneficiaries to receive their distributions under the trust terms and allows trustees to fulfill their fiduciary responsibilities without the uncertainty that unresolved title discrepancies create.
A judicial declaration confirming trust ownership eliminates ambiguity for trustees, beneficiaries, and third parties. Once the court issues its order, banks and title companies are ordinarily willing to accept the directive and proceed with transfers or distributions. This certainty protects trustees who must make decisions about selling or distributing assets and reassures beneficiaries that distributions comply with the grantor’s intent. The legal authority of the court’s ruling also reduces the potential for post-distribution claims that could reopen disputes and delay final closure of the trust administration.
By confirming that specific assets belong to the trust, a Heggstad petition can prevent the need to open a full probate estate for those items. Avoiding probate preserves privacy and can reduce administrative costs and delays associated with probate court oversight. For families seeking to honor the grantor’s desire to keep matters private and to expedite distributions, the petition offers a focused remedy that aligns title with the trust’s distribution scheme. The court decision provides a clear path for trustees to close out trust matters responsibly.
Begin by collecting the trust instrument, any amendments, original or certified copies of deeds, account statements, beneficiary designations, and a certified death certificate. Also gather bank correspondence, transfer forms, and any written notes that show the grantor’s intent to include the asset in the trust. Early organization of these records will make the petition process more efficient and lessen the chance of delays. Having clear documentation ready helps counsel evaluate whether a Heggstad petition is likely to succeed and positions the trustee to present a compelling case to the court and to third-party institutions that may need convincing.
If there are witnesses who can confirm the grantor’s intent to include the asset in the trust, document their contact information and obtain written statements when feasible. Preserve emails, letters, or notes reflecting the grantor’s instructions about the asset. Contemporaneous evidence often carries substantial weight in court. Even if a Heggstad petition ultimately is not needed, gathering this evidence protects the trustee’s ability to act with confidence and provides a clear record should disputes arise in the future.
Consider a Heggstad petition when assets intended for a living trust remain titled in the deceased person’s individual name and a financial institution refuses to transfer them without a court order, or when there are competing claims among beneficiaries that cannot be resolved informally. This remedy is appropriate when documentary evidence supports the grantor’s intent to include the asset in the trust but title formality stands in the way. Filing helps trustees avoid opening probate for assets the grantor planned to keep under the trust, protecting the overall estate plan and facilitating timely administration.
You should also consider a Heggstad petition when the delay or cost of opening probate would be disproportionate to the value of the assets or when privacy concerns encourage resolving title issues through a targeted court action rather than a public probate proceeding. If beneficiaries are aligned and documentation is strong, the petition can be an efficient legal tool. When disagreements or institution refusals make informal solutions impractical, a judicial declaration provides the authoritative outcome needed to move forward with trust administration.
Typical situations include bank or investment accounts that were never retitled after a trust was created, deeds that remain in the grantor’s name despite a pour-over will, life insurance or retirement account issues where beneficiary designations are unclear, and instances where multiple owners or competing heirs raise title questions. Other circumstances include inadvertent omissions during estate planning, assets acquired after the trust’s creation that were not transferred, and institutional policies that require court orders for transfers. Understanding the facts of each case helps determine whether a petition is likely to succeed.
A frequent problem is when liquid accounts meant to be managed by a trustee remain in the grantor’s name, preventing the trustee from accessing funds needed to pay expenses or distribute assets. Institutions often ask for formal documentation before permitting access or transfer. A Heggstad petition can secure a court declaration recognizing those accounts as trust property, enabling the trustee to retitle or transfer funds and continue administration of the trust. Acting promptly to gather statements and account records will help expedite resolution and restore liquidity for trust needs.
Real property such as a primary residence or vacation home is sometimes overlooked when a living trust is funded. If a deed remains in the decedent’s name, title companies or county recorders may require a court order to complete transfers or sales. A Heggstad petition can seek a judicial declaration that the property was intended to be trust property, allowing trustees to retitle the property into the trust or proceed with a sale. Having the grantor’s trust documents, deed, and any related communications supports the petition and can resolve the issue for closing transactions.
When assets were acquired after the trust was created, they may not have been retitled to the trust, leaving an ownership gap. Additionally, paperwork errors or transfers showing conflicting records can complicate administration. A Heggstad petition evaluates intent alongside available records to align ownership with the trust plan. Gathering purchase documents, deposit receipts, and correspondence that show the grantor intended the asset for the trust strengthens the case. The process clarifies title and allows trustees to manage those assets under trust terms without resorting to broader probate proceedings.
Although our main office is in San Jose, the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assists clients across California, including residents of Toro Canyon and Santa Barbara County, with Heggstad petitions and related trust administration matters. We provide responsive communication, careful document review, and practical filing strategies tailored to local court practices. Our goal is to help trustees and beneficiaries resolve title issues efficiently and move forward with trust administration. Contact our office at 408-528-2827 to discuss your situation and learn how we can assist you in pursuing a clear and effective resolution.
Choosing legal representation for a Heggstad petition means selecting a team that will review documents thoroughly, gather persuasive evidence, and prepare court filings that clearly explain the grantor’s intent. Our approach focuses on practical solutions, keeping clients informed at each stage and coordinating with institutions to attempt informal resolutions when appropriate. We emphasize careful preparation to reduce the potential for contested hearings and aim to secure a court ruling that provides the clarity trustees need to administer the trust effectively and responsibly.
Clients benefit from our attention to detail in assembling the trust, deed, account, and correspondence records that support a petition. We work to present a compelling factual record while remaining mindful of cost and timing considerations. Where possible we pursue negotiated outcomes with banks and title companies to minimize expense. When court involvement is required, our filings are designed to be clear, well-documented, and aligned with local court expectations to obtain a timely determination that resolves title issues for the trust.
We also prioritize communication with family members and interested parties to reduce misunderstandings and to encourage cooperative resolutions where appropriate. When disputes cannot be resolved informally, we are prepared to present the evidence and advocate for a judicial declaration that preserves the grantor’s intended distribution plan. Our clients appreciate practical guidance, responsiveness, and a focus on helping trustees carry out their duties in a manner that protects beneficiaries and advances the goals of the trust instrument.
When engaged to handle a Heggstad petition, we begin with a thorough intake to identify the assets in question and collect relevant documents such as the trust instrument, deeds, account statements, and correspondence. We analyze the evidence to determine the best route—whether institution negotiation, administrative retitling, or petition filing. If filing is required, we draft the petition, prepare supporting declarations and exhibits, serve required parties, and manage communication with the court and other stakeholders. Throughout the process we keep clients updated and focused on resolving title issues efficiently and with minimal disruption to trust administration.
The first step is a comprehensive assessment of the facts and collection of all documents related to the asset and the trust. We request the trust, any amendments, deeds, account statements, beneficiary forms, and the death certificate. We also ask for any emails, letters, or notes that reflect the grantor’s intent. Identifying potential interested parties and possible institutional requirements at this stage helps shape the petition and evaluates whether a court filing is necessary or if an informal solution may be available.
We work with trustees to compile a clear inventory of the assets in question and collect documents that show intent to include those assets in the trust. This includes statements, deeds, transfer documents, and any contemporaneous notes. Early identification of gaps and inconsistencies allows us to plan targeted evidence gathering. Where witnesses can corroborate the grantor’s intent, we document their statements. The more thorough the initial record, the stronger the petition and the more likely the court or third-party institutions will accept a declaration of trust ownership.
After documents are collected, we contact banks, title companies, or other custodians to determine whether they will retitle assets without a court order. If they will, we pursue that path to minimize cost and delay. If institutions require a court order, we prepare a filing plan and gather the additional evidence the court will expect. This evaluation helps set client expectations about likely timelines and costs and informs whether a negotiated settlement or a formal petition is the best next step to secure trust ownership.
If a court declaration is needed, we draft the Heggstad petition to present the grantor’s trust, assets in question, and supporting evidence in a clear and organized manner. The petition includes declarations from the trustee and exhibits such as the trust instrument, deed, account statements, and correspondence. We ensure proper service on interested parties and file the necessary forms with the probate court in the appropriate county. Preparation at this stage focuses on presenting a persuasive factual record to support the requested declaration.
Our filings emphasize clarity and organization, presenting documentary evidence in a way that makes the grantor’s intent readily apparent. Declarations tie the documents together, explain why the asset belongs to the trust, and reference applicable law. Exhibits are labeled and indexed to make review easier for both the court and any interested parties. Attention to detail in the petition reduces the chance of procedural issues or requests for additional information that could delay resolution.
After filing, we serve interested parties and notify institutions involved with the asset. Early communication can sometimes produce stipulations or agreements that eliminate the need for a contested hearing. Where objections arise, we address them promptly through supplemental filings or negotiations. Keeping all parties informed and engaged helps reduce procedural delays and promotes efficient handling of the matter while protecting the trustee’s responsibilities and the beneficiaries’ interests.
Once the court reviews the petition, it may issue a declaration recognizing the asset as trust property, or it may schedule a hearing where parties present evidence. If the court rules in favor of the petition, the resulting order can be used to retitle accounts, deeds, or other property interests. We assist trustees with presenting the order to third parties and completing any steps necessary to effect transfers or distributions under the trust. If disputes persist, we continue to represent the trustee at hearings to obtain a definitive resolution.
The court’s declaration is the key outcome that provides the legal authority to treat the asset as trust property. Once issued, this order gives institutions confidence to retitle or transfer the asset without requiring probate. We ensure that the order’s language is appropriate for use with banks, title companies, and other custodians, and we provide necessary certified copies. This step finalizes the legal question about ownership and enables the trustee to proceed with administration consistent with the trust’s provisions.
After the court order is secured, we assist trustees in presenting the order to the relevant institutions, completing retitling forms, and making any required filings with county recorders for real property. Our goal is to translate the court’s declaration into practical changes that allow the trustee to manage or distribute the asset under the trust. We also advise on any follow-up steps needed to conclude trust administration, address tax or reporting matters, and ensure beneficiaries receive distributions according to the trust terms.
A Heggstad petition is a request submitted to a California probate court asking the court to declare that certain property should be treated as part of a trust even though title remains in the decedent’s name. It is used when there is clear evidence the grantor intended the asset to be managed by the trustee but formal title was never changed. The petition presents documents and other proof that the asset belonged to the trust in substance and asks the court to issue a declaration to correct the record. Practically, the petition helps trustees avoid opening full probate for assets that should pass under the trust. The court evaluates the trust instrument, account statements, deeds, and other contemporaneous evidence. If the court grants the petition, the trustee gains the authority to retitle or distribute the asset under the trust’s terms, simplifying administration and reducing the risk of future disputes.
The timeline for a Heggstad petition varies by county, the complexity of the facts, and whether parties contest the petition. In uncontested matters where institutions cooperate, resolution can sometimes occur in a matter of weeks to a few months as documents are gathered and filings are processed. If the matter requires a hearing due to objections or complex title issues, the process can extend for several months depending on court schedules and the need for additional evidence. Early preparation of exhibits and proactive communication with interested parties and institutions can shorten the timeline. Working to secure stipulations or agreements with banks or title companies before filing often reduces delay. When hearings are necessary, the firm will work to present a focused record to the court to obtain a timely decision that allows trustees to proceed with trust administration.
Supportive evidence for a Heggstad petition typically includes the trust instrument and any amendments, a certified death certificate, deeds or account statements showing the asset, and documents or correspondence indicating the grantor’s intent to include the asset in the trust. Affidavits or declarations from the trustee, family members, or others who can attest to the grantor’s intent may also be important. The goal is to create a clear factual narrative linking the asset to the trust’s funding and the grantor’s plan. Banks and title companies may also require specific forms or affidavits to retitle assets, so part of evidence gathering includes obtaining the documents those institutions will accept. Presenting organized exhibits, labeled declarations, and corroborating statements increases the likelihood the court will issue a favorable declaration, or that an institution will agree to retitle without formal court action.
A Heggstad petition can prevent the need to open probate for specific assets by convincing the court that those items should be administered under the trust. When the court issues a declaration that an asset is trust property, the trustee can present the order to banks or title companies to effect retitling or transfer, avoiding probate for those items. However, the petition applies to particular assets and does not automatically resolve other estate matters that fall outside the trust or involve different legal issues. While the petition can reduce the scope of probate, some assets or circumstances may still require probate administration. For example, assets with competing creditor claims or matters unrelated to the trust’s property might need probate. The petition is a targeted tool to align ownership with the trust and limit the need for broader probate where appropriate.
When beneficiaries disagree, a Heggstad petition can still be pursued, but contested proceedings may be required to resolve disputes. The court will consider the evidence and make a determination based on the grantor’s intent and the supporting documentation. Contested cases may involve hearings where parties present testimony and legal arguments. While controversy can extend the timeline and increase costs, the court’s decision ultimately provides a binding resolution that clarifies title and enables administration to proceed. Whenever possible, we encourage efforts to reach agreements among beneficiaries before or during the petition process. Settlements or stipulations reduce expense and delay. If disputes cannot be resolved, the petition remains the means to obtain final judicial clarity so trustees can act with authority under the court’s order.
Yes, many banks and title companies will retitle accounts or transfer property upon presentation of the trust document, death certificate, and required affidavits, especially when their procedures expressly allow such actions. The institution’s internal policies and the clarity of the documentation determine whether they will proceed without a court order. Where institutions have clear retitling procedures and the facts are straightforward, an informal resolution can often be faster and less costly than a court filing. However, some institutions refuse to retitle without a court order when records show the decedent as the legal owner, or when policies require judicial confirmation. In those cases, filing a Heggstad petition is the reliable path to obtaining the documentation the institution needs to complete the transfer or retitling process.
Costs for filing a Heggstad petition vary depending on the complexity of the case, the number of assets at issue, whether the matter is contested, and applicable court fees. Fees include filing and service costs and potential expenses for obtaining certified documents, title searches, or expert information if needed. Where cases are uncontested and institutions cooperate, the overall expense is typically lower than full probate, but contested matters can increase cost due to additional filings, hearings, and time spent preparing evidence. We provide clear fee estimates after reviewing the matter and collecting initial documents. Our goal is to pursue efficient resolutions where possible and to keep clients informed about likely costs so they can weigh options such as negotiation with institutions versus formal court filing based on relative expense and timing.
If a court denies a Heggstad petition, the trustee may need to consider other options such as opening probate for the specific assets or pursuing alternative legal claims if appropriate. A denial can occur when the evidence does not support the grantor’s intent to include the asset in the trust or when legal requirements are not met. In contested matters, the court’s factual findings guide next steps, and counsel can advise on appeals or supplemental actions if legal grounds exist. When a petition is denied, trustees should obtain a clear explanation of the court’s reasoning and evaluate whether additional evidence could change the outcome. In some cases, negotiating with interested parties or the institution post-decision may still produce a practical resolution. Our approach is to prepare thoroughly to minimize the chance of denial and to advise on alternatives if the court does not grant the requested relief.
A trustee’s ability to act while a petition is pending depends on the nature of the actions and any limitations imposed by institutions holding the assets. Trustees should exercise care and avoid making transfers or distributions without authority that could later be questioned. Where possible, trustees may take interim steps such as gathering records, paying urgent expenses from available trust funds, or seeking limited court orders when necessary. Communicating with beneficiaries and maintaining detailed records during the process helps protect the trustee’s position. We advise trustees on specific actions that are appropriate while a petition is pending and recommend obtaining court guidance when questions arise. Seeking instructions or limited protective orders from the court can authorize particular actions and reduce the risk of later disputes, giving trustees the ability to manage pressing matters responsibly during the pendency of the petition.
To begin the process of filing a Heggstad petition, start by collecting the trust document, any amendments, deeds or account statements for the assets in question, and a certified copy of the death certificate. Document any communications or notes that reflect the grantor’s intent regarding the asset. Contact our office to schedule an initial consultation where we will review the materials, identify interested parties, and advise whether a petition or an informal institutional resolution is the best path forward. After the initial review, we will outline the documents still needed, contact institutions to explore retitling options, and, if filing is necessary, prepare the petition and supporting declarations. We will manage service to interested parties and represent the trustee through the court process to obtain the declaration required to resolve title issues and advance trust administration.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas