At the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman in Scotts Valley, we provide focused estate planning services designed to help California families protect their assets and care for loved ones. Whether you are beginning your estate plan or revising existing documents, our approach emphasizes clear communication, practical solutions, and responsive representation. We assist clients with Revocable Living Trusts, Last Wills and Testaments, Powers of Attorney, Advance Health Care Directives, and several trust options tailored to unique family situations. Our goal is to make the planning process manageable and understandable while safeguarding your intentions for the future.
Choosing the right set of estate planning documents can reduce stress and uncertainty for you and your family. We guide clients through decisions about trust funding, beneficiary designations, incapacity planning, guardianship nominations, and administration preferences. We also prepare pour-over wills, HIPAA authorizations, and documents that support special circumstances such as special needs trusts or pet trusts. From initial consultations to signing and funding, our process is designed to be thorough and practical, with attention to California law and the local needs of Scotts Valley households.
Thoughtful estate planning provides clarity and protection for your family, ensuring your wishes are honored and assets are handled according to your preferences. Proper planning can minimize the likelihood of disputes, reduce the risk of costly and public probate proceedings, and streamline the transfer of property to heirs or trusted beneficiaries. In addition to transferring assets, estate planning addresses incapacity and health care decisions through documents like financial powers of attorney and advance health care directives. For families with children, minors, or individuals with special needs, well-drafted plans provide appointed guardians and trust structures that maintain care and financial stability over time.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman serve clients in Scotts Valley, Santa Cruz County and throughout California with a concentrated practice in estate planning and related matters. The firm focuses on preparing durable documents that address property transfer, incapacity, and family protection. We work closely with clients to understand their financial and family situations, then recommend and draft trusts, wills, powers of attorney, and healthcare directives tailored to those needs. Our approach emphasizes accessible advice and practical solutions designed to reduce friction for families during transitions and to preserve privacy where possible.
Estate planning is the process of documenting your intentions for asset distribution, health care decisions, and management of finances if you are unable to act. It starts with an inventory of assets, identification of beneficiaries, and decisions about the best legal vehicles to accomplish your goals, such as revocable trusts or wills. Planning also includes naming agents for financial and medical decisions, specifying guardians for minor children, and creating instructions for retirement accounts and life insurance proceeds. This proactive work helps prevent uncertainty and can make administration easier for loved ones.
In California, certain planning tools offer benefits like probate avoidance and privacy preservation while others provide straightforward ways to transfer individual assets. The process typically involves meeting to discuss goals, gathering financial and family information, drafting documents for client review, and executing final instruments with proper formalities. Once documents are signed, it is important to take steps such as funding trusts and updating beneficiary designations so the plan operates as intended. Ongoing review every few years or after major life events helps keep plans aligned with changing circumstances.
A Revocable Living Trust holds property for management during life and distribution at death, often avoiding probate and simplifying transitions for heirs. A Last Will and Testament names guardians for minor children and handles any property not placed in a trust, directing how remaining assets should be distributed. Financial Powers of Attorney authorize a trusted person to manage finances if you are incapacitated. Advance Health Care Directives and HIPAA authorizations ensure healthcare decisions and medical records access are handled by designated individuals consistent with your wishes.
Creating an effective estate plan involves clarifying your goals, identifying key persons such as trustees and agents, choosing the appropriate trust and will provisions, and coordinating beneficiary designations and account titling. Important steps include documenting your assets, assigning successor trustees, preparing healthcare directives, and completing financial powers of attorney. After execution, funding a trust and coordinating records with financial institutions is essential. Regular reviews following life events like marriage, divorce, birth, or acquisition of significant assets ensure the plan remains current and effective under California law.
Understanding the terminology used in estate planning helps you make informed decisions. Common terms include trust, trustee, beneficiary, probate, pour-over will, funding, and incapacity planning. Each term refers to a specific function or role within a plan, such as who manages assets, who receives benefits, and how assets move after death or incapacity. Familiarity with these concepts reduces confusion when discussing options and helps ensure documents reflect your intentions precisely. Clear definitions also make it easier to coordinate with financial advisors and family members during implementation.
A Revocable Living Trust is a flexible estate planning tool that allows you to retain control of property during your lifetime while naming successor trustees to manage and distribute assets after death. Because the trust can be amended or revoked while you are alive, it adapts to changing circumstances. Placing assets into the trust during your lifetime—commonly called funding—helps avoid probate for those assets and can provide smoother transitions for beneficiaries. It also provides a documented plan for managing assets in the event of incapacity without the need for court intervention.
A Financial Power of Attorney is a legal document that appoints someone to act on your behalf for financial matters if you become unable to manage them yourself. The document can be tailored to take effect immediately or only upon incapacity, and it can grant broad or limited authority depending on your needs. Tasks an agent might handle include paying bills, managing investments, and overseeing real estate. Selecting a trustworthy and capable agent is important because the role carries significant responsibility for your financial affairs and well-being.
A Last Will and Testament sets forth how assets not handled by a trust or beneficiary designation should be distributed at death and allows you to nominate guardians for minor children. Wills are subject to probate, a court-supervised process, so they are often used in tandem with trusts for comprehensive planning. Wills also name an executor to carry out the terms and may address final wishes such as funeral arrangements. Ensuring that important accounts and titled property align with the will’s intent helps prevent unintended outcomes or delays.
An Advance Health Care Directive names a health care agent to make medical decisions if you cannot speak for yourself and can include instructions about life-sustaining treatment. A HIPAA Authorization permits named individuals to access your medical records and speak with healthcare providers on your behalf. Together, these documents help ensure that your medical wishes are followed and that appointed agents can obtain necessary information to make informed decisions. Properly drafted directives reduce uncertainty for family members during stressful health care situations.
Selecting between a limited approach, such as a basic will and powers of attorney, and a comprehensive trust-based plan depends on factors like asset complexity, privacy concerns, family dynamics, and long-term goals. Basic documents can be appropriate for smaller estates or straightforward family situations, while trusts are often preferred to avoid probate, maintain privacy, and provide continuity in case of incapacity. We help clients weigh the benefits and trade-offs of each approach and tailor recommendations to personal circumstances, financial holdings, and the desire for control over distribution timing and conditions.
A limited planning approach can be adequate for individuals or couples with modest assets, uncomplicated family structures, and clear beneficiary designations on retirement accounts and life insurance. When property ownership is simple and most assets already pass outside probate through joint ownership or beneficiary designations, a straightforward will combined with powers of attorney and a health care directive may provide sufficient protection. This approach can be cost effective and less time consuming while still addressing incapacity and end-of-life decision making in a legally reliable manner.
If avoiding probate is not a primary concern and public administration of the estate will not create hardship for heirs, a limited set of documents may be acceptable. When families prioritize simplicity over privacy, and when potential conflicts among beneficiaries are unlikely, relying on basic wills and durable powers can be an efficient choice. That said, even simpler plans should be drafted carefully to ensure they reflect up-to-date assets and include clear instructions for financial and medical decision making during incapacity, reducing the likelihood of future disputes.
A comprehensive trust-based plan is often recommended when families have significant assets, own real estate in multiple names, or want to maintain privacy and avoid probate proceedings. Trusts can be structured to control timing of distributions, protect beneficiaries from creditor claims in limited circumstances, and provide a clear path for management of assets if the grantor becomes incapacitated. Trustees can step in without court involvement, offering continuity in financial management and reducing delays that might otherwise affect household stability and ongoing obligations.
Comprehensive planning is particularly valuable when family situations require tailored solutions, such as protecting assets for a beneficiary with special needs, providing for children from multiple relationships, or implementing spendthrift protections. Specialized trust structures can preserve eligibility for public benefits and ensure that funds are managed responsibly for vulnerable loved ones. For families seeking durable arrangements that account for future contingencies, a trust-centered plan provides flexibility and greater control over how and when assets are distributed to beneficiaries.
A comprehensive approach combining trusts, wills, and powers of attorney often provides smoother transitions, more privacy, and greater control over asset distribution compared to relying on a will alone. Trusts can help avoid probate, which reduces public exposure of estate details and can shorten the time it takes beneficiaries to receive assets. The ability to name successor trustees and agents for financial and healthcare decisions offers continuity in both daily management and long-term disposition of property. This approach is adaptable to most family and financial situations.
Another important benefit is planning for incapacity, when trustees or designated agents can manage finances and make medical decisions without court proceedings. Comprehensive plans can also address tax considerations, retirement accounts, charitable objectives, and business succession needs. By aligning document provisions and beneficiary designations, a cohesive plan reduces the risk of conflicting directives that may complicate administration. Periodic reviews ensure that the plan continues to reflect current relationships, assets, and legal requirements in California.
Trust-based plans help maintain family privacy by keeping asset distributions out of the public probate process, which can be especially important for families who prefer discretion. Avoiding probate often shortens the administration timeline, reduces certain court-related expenses, and minimizes public documentation of beneficiaries and asset values. By proactively funding a trust and coordinating account ownership and beneficiary forms, families can create a smoother path for successor trustees to follow, helping reduce the administrative burden at an already emotional time.
Comprehensive planning supports continuity by naming individuals who can manage your affairs if you become unable to do so, and by setting conditions for how and when beneficiaries receive assets. Trust provisions can be drafted to stagger distributions, set educational or health-related conditions, or protect inheritances for beneficiaries who may not be financially ready to manage a large sum. These provisions promote responsible stewardship of assets over time and provide clear directions for trustees and agents, reducing uncertainty and family conflict.
Begin your planning by creating a detailed inventory of your assets, including real estate, retirement accounts, bank accounts, life insurance policies, and business interests. Note account numbers, ownership formats, and current beneficiary designations. Organizing documents and financial statements reduces delays later and helps ensure that all items are addressed in your plan. Providing clear information to your attorney and appointed agents makes it easier to draft precise documents and to fund trusts properly. Regular updates to the inventory keep your plan aligned with changes in your financial picture.
Life events like marriage, divorce, birth of a child, significant changes in assets, or relocation may require revisions to your estate plan. Schedule periodic reviews with your attorney to confirm beneficiary designations, update account ownership, and amend trust provisions as needed. Regular updates help prevent unintended results and ensure that medical and financial decision makers remain appropriate. Proactive maintenance of documents and coordination with financial institutions reduces the risk of errors and helps your plan function as intended when it becomes necessary.
Estate planning addresses both present and future needs by documenting your wishes for asset distribution, medical care, and guardianship of minors. Early planning helps minimize stress for family members and can prevent the need for court action in the event of incapacity or death. Additionally, coordinating beneficiary designations and account titling now reduces the chance of assets passing contrary to your intentions. For those with retirement accounts, business interests, or unique family situations, timely planning preserves options and creates clarity for those who will manage affairs later.
Given the complexity of California law and the potential for family disagreements, taking steps to document your intentions provides substantial practical value. Planning now allows you to implement measures that protect minor children, provide for loved ones with special needs, and direct distributions in ways that preserve privacy and reduce administrative burdens. Even when circumstances seem straightforward, an initial review can identify small adjustments that prevent larger problems in the future and ensure that your chosen agents and trustees are prepared to act when needed.
Several common circumstances prompt families to begin or revise estate plans, including marriage, divorce, the birth of a child, acquisition of significant property, retirement, changes in health, or the need to provide for a family member with special needs. These events often change your objectives for asset distribution, guardianship needs, or management of financial affairs. Addressing planning at these moments ensures documents reflect current relationships and financial realities, helping to prevent future conflicts and ensuring continuity of care and property management.
The arrival of children or grandchildren frequently motivates families to create or update estate plans to name guardians, establish trusts for minor beneficiaries, and ensure financial resources are allocated for education and care. Parents and grandparents may wish to set conditions for distributions or designate funds for specific purposes like schooling or healthcare. Establishing these directives early provides peace of mind that younger family members will be cared for according to your wishes and that resources will be managed responsibly on their behalf.
Marriage, separation, or divorce can substantially alter who should inherit, who should serve as decision makers, and how assets are titled. After a marital status change, updating beneficiary designations, amending or restating trusts, and revising powers of attorney and healthcare directives is important to align documents with your current intentions. Prompt revisions reduce uncertainty and the potential for unintended transfers of property, ensuring that estate planning documents reflect new relationships and responsibilities accurately.
When you acquire or dispose of significant assets such as real estate, a business, or sizable investment accounts, it is important to review your estate plan so that ownership and beneficiary designations support your overall goals. Large asset changes can affect tax considerations, trust funding needs, and distribution strategies. Timely coordination ensures that newly acquired property is placed in the correct ownership structure and that proceeds from sales are allocated in a way that maintains the integrity of your plan and meets the needs of your designated beneficiaries.
Serving Scotts Valley and surrounding communities, the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman offers personalized estate planning services tailored to local needs and California law. We assist with drafting and updating Revocable Living Trusts, Last Wills and Testaments, Powers of Attorney, Advance Health Care Directives, and specialized trusts like irrevocable life insurance trusts and special needs trusts. Our practice also handles trust certification, pour-over wills, trust modifications, and petitions where court involvement is necessary. We aim to make the process clear and manageable so families can plan with confidence.
Our office focuses on creating practical, well-drafted estate plans that reflect the unique circumstances of each client. We work directly with families to understand personal priorities and financial situations, then recommend documents and strategies that align with those goals. From trust drafting and funding to wills, powers of attorney, and healthcare directives, we emphasize clear explanations and actionable steps so clients know exactly what to expect. This client-centered approach helps ensure plans are thorough and ready to be implemented when needed.
We understand the importance of coordination among estate documents, beneficiary forms, and account titling, and we guide clients through those administrative steps to reduce future complications. The firm is experienced in addressing issues such as trust modifications, petitions like Heggstad filings, and trust administration tasks that sometimes arise. We aim to provide thoughtful guidance for families of all kinds, helping to preserve assets, protect dependents, and reduce stress during transitions through clear legal documents and practical implementation advice.
Accessible communication and timely responses are central to our service. We encourage clients to bring questions and to involve family or successors in planning discussions when appropriate, to ensure that designated agents understand responsibilities. For residents of Scotts Valley and Santa Cruz County, we offer personalized attention, practical document preparation, and assistance with post-signing steps such as trust funding and coordination with financial institutions. Our objective is to provide reliable planning that gives clients confidence in their arrangements.
The process begins with a confidential consultation to review family dynamics, assets, and goals. After gathering necessary information, we recommend a tailored plan and draft documents for client review. We then finalize and execute the documents with appropriate formalities and provide guidance for funding trusts and updating account beneficiaries. Post-signing, we remain available to answer questions and assist with necessary administrative tasks. Regular plan reviews are recommended to ensure your documents remain current with changes in your life or in the law.
In the first step, we meet to discuss your family, financial profile, and objectives for legacy and incapacity planning. This conversation covers the types of assets you own, where they are held, and any specific concerns such as minor children or beneficiaries with special needs. We also talk about who you would trust to serve as agents and trustees. The information gathered forms the foundation for drafting documents that accurately reflect your intentions and align with California’s legal requirements.
During the initial meeting, we focus on clarifying your goals for asset distribution, healthcare preferences, and guardianship choices. This includes identifying priorities such as probate avoidance, privacy, or protection for dependents. We also review unique family dynamics that affect planning options and discuss potential trust structures that may fit your needs. Open dialogue at this stage helps ensure that the documents drafted later reflect real-life concerns and practical management strategies for the future.
We ask clients to provide documentation including account statements, deeds, insurance policies, and retirement plan details to create a complete asset inventory. Clear records allow us to recommend steps for titling and beneficiary updates that support the chosen plan. Collecting these materials early also helps identify any potential legal or tax issues and makes the drafting process more efficient. Accurate documentation is essential for creating a plan that functions as intended and minimizes unintended outcomes for heirs and agents.
Once we have the necessary information, we prepare drafts of trusts, wills, powers of attorney, and healthcare directives tailored to your objectives. Drafts are shared for your review, and we encourage questions and revisions so the final documents precisely reflect your decisions. This collaborative review ensures clarity in provisions such as successor appointments, distribution schedules, and any conditions on inheritances. Finalizing the documents requires confirming details and making sure each instrument coordinates seamlessly with others in your plan.
During the review phase, clients examine draft documents and suggest changes that better reflect preferences or practical considerations. We discuss potential implications of different provisions and provide plain-language explanations of legal terms. Revisions are made until you are comfortable with the plan. This process helps prevent misunderstandings and ensures that named agents, trustees, and beneficiaries clearly understand their roles. Careful review reduces the likelihood of disputes and improves the plan’s overall effectiveness after execution.
After revisions are complete, we prepare the final versions of documents and coordinate signing with the required witnesses and notary acknowledgments. We also provide clients with a checklist for post-signing actions such as funding trusts, updating account beneficiaries, and delivering copies to designated agents as needed. Proper execution and follow-up steps are essential to make sure the plan operates as intended, and our office is available to walk clients through each action to reduce uncertainty and administrative burden.
The final step is implementing the plan through actions such as retitling property into a trust, updating beneficiary forms, and ensuring healthcare and financial agents have access to necessary documents. We provide guidance on how to fund trusts and coordinate with financial institutions. Ongoing support includes periodic reviews and amendments when life circumstances change. When administration is required, we assist trustees and families with the procedural steps involved in managing and distributing assets consistent with the plan’s terms.
Funding a trust involves changing title or beneficiary designations so assets are owned by or payable to the trust as intended. This step may include preparing deeds, changing account registrations, and submitting beneficiary form updates for retirement and insurance policies. Proper coordination is essential to avoid leaving significant assets subject to probate. We provide checklists and hands-on assistance to help clients complete these administrative steps and verify that the plan’s operation aligns with their goals.
Estate plans should be reviewed at regular intervals and after major life events to ensure they continue to reflect current intentions and legal changes. When circumstances change, amendments or trust restatements may be recommended. These updates help manage evolving family situations, changes in asset holdings, or revisions in tax or probate law. Ongoing attention to your estate plan helps preserve the durability and functionality of your arrangements so that they remain reliable when needed most.
A revocable living trust and a will serve different functions in an estate plan. A revocable living trust holds title to assets during your lifetime and names a successor trustee to manage and distribute those assets after your death, often avoiding probate for the assets properly placed in the trust. It also provides a mechanism for managing your assets if you become incapacitated without requiring court appointment of a conservator. The trust is amendable or revocable while you are alive, giving flexibility as circumstances change. A will, by contrast, is a document that directs how property not held in a trust should be distributed at death and allows you to name guardians for minor children. Wills generally must be processed through probate, which is a public court procedure for administering an estate. Together, a trust and a will can provide comprehensive coverage by ensuring assets are handled according to your wishes while minimizing probate for trust-held property.
Choosing a trustee or agent involves considering trustworthiness, judgment, availability, and familiarity with your financial and family circumstances. Look for someone who is responsible, organized, willing to serve, and capable of making decisions under pressure. For complex estates, a co-trustee arrangement or using professional fiduciaries alongside a trusted family member can provide balance between personal knowledge and administrative reliability. Discussing duties in advance helps appointees understand their roles and prepares them for responsibilities when called to act. It is also wise to name successor agents in case your first choice is unavailable or unable to serve. Clear written guidance within your documents about goals and preferences can assist appointed individuals in making decisions consistent with your wishes. Regularly reviewing these choices allows you to replace appointees if their circumstances change or if you have concerns about their ability to serve effectively.
Funding a trust means transferring ownership of assets into the name of the trust so the trust provisions govern them. This can include preparing and recording deeds for real estate, changing titles on bank and investment accounts, and updating beneficiary designations for some assets to ensure they are payable to the trust upon your passing. Funding is essential because assets that remain solely in your individual name may still be subject to probate rather than being governed by trust terms. Proper funding ensures the trust works as intended without unintended probate for important assets. The funding process requires coordination with financial institutions, deed preparation and recording, and occasionally professional guidance for complex assets like closely held businesses or retirement accounts. After documents are signed, clients receive a checklist and support to complete these administrative steps. Confirming that assets are correctly titled and beneficiaries updated reduces the risk of surprises and helps trustees manage the estate in accordance with your plan.
Yes, most estate planning documents can be changed to reflect new circumstances. Revocable living trusts are designed to be amended or revoked during the grantor’s lifetime, so updates can be made as family structures or financial situations evolve. Wills can be revised by preparing a new will or by executing codicils, and powers of attorney and healthcare directives can be replaced with updated instruments. Making formal amendments ensures that your current wishes are legally documented and reduces potential confusion for agents and family members. When significant changes occur—such as marriage, divorce, births, deaths, or major asset transfers—it is advisable to review your plan promptly. Some changes in state law may also affect your documents, so periodic reviews with legal counsel help ensure that your plan remains effective. When revising documents, follow the proper execution formalities such as signatures, witnesses, and notarization to maintain validity under California law.
Special needs trusts are designed to hold assets for the benefit of a person with disabilities while preserving eligibility for government assistance programs. These trusts can pay for supplemental needs such as education, therapy, transportation, and personal items without disqualifying the beneficiary from means-tested benefits. The trust terms are carefully drafted to avoid creating countable income or assets that would jeopardize benefit eligibility while still providing meaningful support for the beneficiary’s quality of life. Implementing a special needs trust requires understanding both trust law and the rules of public benefit programs to ensure benefits are preserved. Trustees must follow the trust’s terms and coordinate distributions with the beneficiary’s existing benefits. Proper planning for a special needs trust can offer families peace of mind that a loved one will receive additional support while maintaining essential public assistance.
If a family member becomes incapacitated, review any existing powers of attorney and healthcare directives to determine who has authority to act. A financial power of attorney allows a designated agent to manage finances, pay bills, and handle other financial matters, while a healthcare directive names a medical decision maker to communicate with providers and make treatment decisions. If no documents exist, it may be necessary to petition the court for conservatorship, which is a longer and more public process that can often be avoided through proactive planning. When incapacity occurs, it is helpful to assemble documentation such as medical records, powers of attorney, account statements, and insurance information to help appointed agents or trustees act effectively. Prompt communication with medical providers and financial institutions can facilitate access to necessary records and authorize agents to manage ongoing obligations. Legal counsel can assist with immediate steps and, if needed, with seeking any court approvals required to administer the person’s affairs.
Probate in California is the court-supervised process for administering a deceased person’s estate when assets are not otherwise transferred by beneficiary designation or trust. The probate court validates the will, oversees inventory and payment of debts, and supervises distribution to heirs. Probate can be time-consuming and public, which is why many people use trusts and beneficiary designations to pass assets outside of probate. Assets that are owned by a trust or have payable-on-death beneficiaries typically avoid probate and are distributed according to those instruments. While probate cannot always be avoided entirely, effective planning with trusts and careful titling of assets can minimize the estate subject to probate and shorten the administration timeline. For smaller estates there are simplified procedures, but complex estates benefit most from coordinated planning to reduce court involvement. An organized estate plan helps protect privacy and can reduce stress for heirs during the settlement process.
A basic estate plan typically includes a Last Will and Testament, a Financial Power of Attorney, an Advance Health Care Directive, and sometimes a revocable living trust. The will directs distribution of assets not held in trust and allows you to name guardians for minor children. The power of attorney designates someone to manage financial matters in the event of incapacity, while the healthcare directive appoints a decision maker for medical treatment. These documents work together to address both end-of-life and incapacity planning needs. Depending on individual circumstances, additional documents such as a HIPAA authorization, pour-over will, trust certification, or specific trusts like irrevocable life insurance trusts or special needs trusts may be recommended. Coordinating these instruments with account beneficiary designations and titling ensures a comprehensive approach that reduces uncertainty and helps your chosen agents and trustees act effectively when needed.
Beneficiary designations should be reviewed whenever you experience major life events such as marriage, divorce, birth of a child, death of a beneficiary, or changes in financial accounts. Because beneficiary forms on retirement plans and life insurance often override instructions in a will, keeping them current is essential to ensure assets pass according to your overall plan. Regular reviews help prevent unintended beneficiaries and ensure that designations align with trust provisions and other estate documents. It is also important to review designations when you change jobs, open new retirement accounts, or receive an inheritance that may affect your distribution strategy. Periodically confirming that account records and beneficiary forms are up to date reduces the risk of conflicts and simplifies administration for your successors when the time comes to transfer assets.
Trust modifications and specialized petitions are sometimes necessary when circumstances change or when trust administration issues arise. Trusts that are revocable can often be amended or restated to reflect new wishes, changes in family dynamics, or alterations in asset holdings. In cases where property intended for a trust was never properly retitled, a Heggstad petition can be filed to ask the court to recognize trust ownership. Similarly, trust modification petitions may be used to address unforeseen circumstances or to clarify terms that cannot be resolved through amendment alone. When court petitions are necessary, careful documentation and legal argumentation are required to support the requested relief. Our office assists clients with preparing the appropriate petitions and supporting declarations, coordinating with beneficiaries and trustees, and advocating for resolutions that reflect the grantor’s intent while respecting legal requirements. These measures help correct funding errors and address administration problems without undermining overall estate planning goals.
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