A Heggstad petition is a legal petition often used when a deceased person’s assets were not fully transferred into a trust during their lifetime. For Dixon residents dealing with the aftermath of a trust administration issue, pursuing a Heggstad petition can provide a clear path to having assets recognized as part of the trust. This opening discussion explains why a petition may be necessary, how it interacts with probate procedures, and what outcomes are typically sought. It is important to understand applicable California statutes and local court practices to prepare for a successful petition and resolve transfer disputes efficiently.
Navigating any court proceeding that affects a trust can feel overwhelming, especially while managing other estate matters. A Heggstad petition asks the court to declare that certain assets belong to a trust despite not having been properly titled at the decedent’s death. This section introduces the typical scenarios where petitions are filed, including assets unintentionally left out of trust transfers, and highlights how the process addresses ownership and distribution issues. Understanding the basic steps and likely timelines helps families make informed choices about whether a petition is the right remedy in their situation.
Filing a Heggstad petition can prevent assets from being treated as probate property and allow distribution according to the trust maker’s wishes. This is particularly helpful when assets were intended to be in trust but were never retitled or formally transferred. The petition can establish the trust’s ownership and reduce delays in distributing assets to beneficiaries. It can also minimize the costs and publicity associated with probate. For families seeking an efficient resolution that respects prior estate planning decisions, a petition often provides a focused legal route to restoring proper ownership and preserving the trust’s intent.
Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman serves clients throughout Solano County and the broader Bay Area with practical legal guidance in estate planning and trust administration matters. Our approach emphasizes clear communication, careful document review, and proactive case management to address issues that arise when assets were not properly transferred into a trust. We focus on preparing thorough petitions, gathering supporting evidence, and presenting persuasive legal arguments in court to achieve resolution. The firm aims to reduce uncertainty for families by explaining options plainly and pursuing outcomes that align with the decedent’s estate plan and beneficiaries’ legitimate expectations.
A Heggstad petition asks the probate court to declare that an asset which was not formally placed into a trust actually belongs to the trust because the trust maker intended it to be trust property. The procedure involves assembling documentation such as account statements, trust documents, correspondence, and witness statements that show intent to transfer. Courts evaluate the totality of evidence to determine whether trust ownership should be recognized. Understanding the legal standard and the types of proof that courts find persuasive helps petitioners prepare a coherent case and avoid common pitfalls that can delay resolution or lead to contested hearings.
Successful petitions hinge on demonstrating clear intent and consistent actions that support a transfer to the trust. Evidence may include beneficiary designations, trust provisions addressing the asset, informal agreements, and communications showing the decedent treated the asset as part of the trust. The process typically begins with drafting and filing the petition, serving interested parties, and presenting evidence at a hearing. In many cases, offering a well-documented factual record leads to a straightforward court ruling recognizing trust ownership, while careful preparation can reduce the risk of opposition from other heirs or creditors.
A Heggstad petition is a specific legal remedy in California probate law used when an asset that should have been transferred into a trust remains in the decedent’s individual name at death. The petition requests that the court retroactively recognize the asset as trust property based on the decedent’s intent and contemporaneous actions. The remedy prevents the asset from entering probate and aligns distribution with the trust’s terms. This process often simplifies administration and clarifies ownership disputes, allowing trustees and beneficiaries to resolve title issues without protracted litigation or undermining the decedent’s estate plan.
Key elements include demonstrating the decedent’s intent to place the asset in the trust, providing clear documentary evidence, identifying the appropriate trust provisions, and showing any steps taken to transfer the asset. The process starts with a thorough title and document review, drafting a petition with supporting declarations, serving interested parties, and preparing for a court hearing. The court evaluates credibility, documentation, and legal authority before issuing an order. Careful case preparation, clear factual narratives, and targeted legal argumentation are essential to achieving a favorable determination for beneficiaries and trustees alike.
Understanding common terms used in trust disputes and Heggstad proceedings helps families and fiduciaries communicate effectively with the court. This glossary explains typical phrases such as trust maker, successor trustee, probate, title issues, and beneficiary designations. Clear definitions assist in assembling the right documents and framing the petition in a way the court will recognize. Becoming familiar with these concepts reduces confusion during the petition process and helps interested parties respond promptly to court requests, minimizing delays and improving the chance of a favorable outcome that respects the trust maker’s intentions.
Trust maker refers to the individual who created the trust and transferred assets into it during their lifetime. In the context of a Heggstad petition, demonstrating the trust maker’s intent is central to establishing that certain property should be treated as trust property. Evidence of the trust maker’s actions, statements, and decisions often provides the foundation for a court’s recognition of trust ownership. Familiarity with the trust maker’s role and documented intentions helps trustees and beneficiaries present a coherent case that aligns with the estate plan and the trust maker’s wishes.
A successor trustee is the person or entity named in the trust to take over management and distribution of trust assets upon the trust maker’s incapacity or death. The successor trustee typically initiates a Heggstad petition when an asset intended for the trust remains titled in the decedent’s name. That trustee gathers needed documents, files the petition, and pursues court recognition of trust ownership to ensure assets are handled in accordance with the trust’s terms. The trustee’s role includes providing transparency to beneficiaries and fulfilling fiduciary duties while resolving title issues.
Probate is the formal court process used to administer a decedent’s estate when assets are not held in a trust or otherwise transferred by beneficiary designation. One purpose of a Heggstad petition is to avoid or limit assets entering probate by demonstrating those assets belong to a trust. Avoiding probate can reduce costs, delays, and public disclosure of estate matters. Courts will consider whether trust documents and supporting proof indicate the decedent intended the asset to pass under trust terms rather than through probate procedures.
Title issues arise when ownership of property is not properly reflected in public records or account registrations following the decedent’s death. This can occur when assets were intended to be transferred to a trust but were not retitled. A Heggstad petition seeks to correct title by asking the court to recognize trust ownership based on the trust maker’s intent and supporting evidence. Resolving title issues prevents assets from being distributed contrary to the trust’s provisions and clarifies the trustee’s authority to manage and distribute the property.
When assets intended for a trust are not properly titled, families may consider different legal options, including filing a Heggstad petition, initiating a probate proceeding, or using informal settlement agreements among heirs. A Heggstad petition is effective when there is persuasive evidence of intent to transfer assets into the trust and when interested parties agree to resolve the matter through court recognition. Probate may be necessary when intent is unclear or disputes cannot be resolved. Informal agreements can be time saving but require cooperation. Evaluating the pros and cons of each route helps determine the most appropriate path given the facts and desired outcome.
A limited approach, such as a focused Heggstad petition, is often sufficient when the trust maker’s intent to include the asset in the trust is supported by strong contemporaneous documentation. Clear account statements, trust language referencing the asset, correspondence, or acknowledgements that demonstrate the decedent treated the asset as trust property make a concise petition more likely to succeed. In such cases, the court can recognize ownership with minimal additional proceedings, avoiding broader probate administration and reducing overall disruption for beneficiaries and trustees who seek a timely resolution.
When beneficiaries and interested parties are in agreement about the trust maker’s intentions and the proper disposition of an asset, a focused petition can resolve the issue efficiently. Consensus reduces the likelihood of prolonged hearings or multiissue litigation, because the court can rely on joint submissions and clear evidence. Cooperation among heirs may allow for agreed-upon orders that recognize trust ownership without extended discovery or contested hearings, preserving family relationships and limiting legal expenses while ensuring the asset is administered according to the trust.
A comprehensive approach is often necessary when there are competing claims to the asset, unresolved creditor claims, or multiple parties asserting different rights. In such circumstances, a petition may require extensive factual development, discovery, and legal argument to address all issues before the court. Preparing for potential opposition involves thorough investigation, coordinating responses to creditor notices, and securing declarations from witnesses. A broader strategy helps protect the trust’s interests, ensure compliance with notice requirements, and establish clear ownership that withstands inspection from contested parties.
When assets are complex, such as business interests, retirement accounts, or property held across jurisdictions, resolving title issues may require a comprehensive legal response. These matters can involve coordination with account custodians, preparing tax-related documentation, and addressing registrations in other states. A broad approach allows for coordinated motions, cross-jurisdictional filings if needed, and careful handling of regulatory considerations. Doing so reduces the risk of incomplete relief and helps ensure that all facets of ownership and transfer are recognized in accordance with the trust and applicable law.
A comprehensive approach to resolving title discrepancies often results in more durable outcomes, greater clarity for trustees and beneficiaries, and minimized downstream disputes. By addressing potential objections, creditor concerns, and legal formalities upfront, parties gain confidence that the court’s order will be effective and enforceable. Thorough preparation can also identify additional planning needs, such as updating trust documents or beneficiary designations to avoid future issues. Taking the time to resolve matters comprehensively protects the trust’s intended distribution scheme and reduces the likelihood of future litigation over the same assets.
Another benefit of a careful, wide-ranging approach is that it helps trustees meet fiduciary responsibilities and document actions taken to preserve estate value and follow the trust maker’s intent. Comprehensive strategies often include communicating with beneficiaries, preparing detailed declarations, and addressing tax and administrative requirements. These steps not only support the legal case but also provide a record demonstrating prudent administration. This level of diligence is valuable when beneficiaries or third parties later inquire about decisions or challenge asset distribution, since it shows a methodical process aimed at honoring the trust maker’s wishes.
A comprehensive approach increases the likelihood that the court’s order will stand up to future scrutiny by addressing potential challenges and gaps in documentation before the hearing. By assembling a complete factual record and anticipating opposing arguments, petitioners reduce the risk of remand or modification and secure certainty for beneficiaries. This approach helps ensure assets are distributed in accordance with the trust maker’s intent and that trustees can proceed confidently with administration, knowing the court has recognized trust ownership and authorized appropriate actions to manage and distribute the property.
Addressing title issues comprehensively can streamline the resolution process and limit contentious interactions among family members, which often arise from uncertainty and delays. When the court is presented with a clear, complete case, proceedings tend to be shorter and less adversarial. This reduces emotional strain and legal costs for families during an already difficult time. By striving for a thorough resolution that anticipates competing concerns, parties can achieve finality sooner and move forward with distributing assets and managing estate affairs in a way that minimizes further conflict.
Start collecting account statements, trust copies, correspondence, and any writings that reflect the decedent’s intent as soon as possible. Well-timed document gathering preserves evidence that supports a petition and can reduce the time required for court review. Ask financial institutions for historical account records and any beneficiary designation forms. Obtain declarations from witnesses who can testify about the decedent’s intentions or actions. Early organization of documents also helps identify gaps that may require additional investigation, which streamlines preparation for filing and supports a stronger presentation at the hearing.
Consider potential administrative and tax consequences when pursuing recognition of trust property, especially for assets like retirement accounts, real estate, or business interests. Gathering relevant tax records and consulting with appropriate professionals helps identify steps needed to transfer title and satisfy reporting obligations. Taking these matters into account before filing the petition can prevent unexpected complications and ensure the court’s order is practical for trustees to implement. Proactive planning reduces delays after the order is entered and helps trustees fulfill their duties while protecting estate value.
Families may consider a Heggstad petition when assets intended to be in a trust remain in the decedent’s name and those assets are needed to satisfy the trust’s distribution plan. The petition provides a legal mechanism to align asset ownership with the trust maker’s intent, avoiding probate and preserving privacy. It can be particularly valuable when there is documentation showing the decedent took steps to include the asset in the trust or when the trustee needs authority to manage and distribute the property. Addressing title issues promptly prevents delays in administration and helps honor the trust’s terms.
Another reason to pursue this service is to reduce the likelihood of future disputes or creditor claims that arise from unclear ownership. Clarifying that an asset belongs to the trust allows trustees to act with confidence in managing estate assets and distributing them to beneficiaries. In cases where assets were unintentionally omitted from trust paperwork, the petition helps restore alignment with the estate plan. Considering a petition early can also help identify further corrective steps, such as updating records or filing additional petitions when multiple assets are affected.
Typical circumstances include bank or brokerage accounts that were never retitled, deeds left in the decedent’s name, retirement accounts with outdated beneficiary designations, or tangible property that was treated as trust property but not formally transferred. Other scenarios involve administrative oversights during estate planning changes or assets acquired after trust creation without immediate retitling. These practical issues frequently prompt trustee action to seek a court declaration recognizing trust ownership so assets can be administered and distributed according to the trust document rather than through probate.
Financial accounts that were intended for the trust but remain registered in the decedent’s name create a gap between the estate plan and actual title. This often happens with accounts opened before the trust was created or with institutions that were not updated. A Heggstad petition provides a method to have the court recognize trust ownership based on the decedent’s documented intent and conduct. Resolving such accounts through the petition helps ensure those funds are distributed according to the trust terms, avoiding probate and reducing administrative uncertainty for the trustee.
Real estate sometimes remains titled in the decedent’s individual name due to oversight or delayed retitling. When the trust was intended to own the property, a petition can ask the court to declare that the property belongs to the trust. The court will consider the trust document, deeds, and any supporting evidence showing intent to transfer. Securing a court declaration allows the trustee to manage or distribute the real property under trust terms, ensuring consistent handling with the overall estate plan and avoiding the complications of a separate probate for the property.
Personal property or unique assets, including collectibles or business interests, may be treated informally as trust assets but remain technically outside the trust due to lack of formal transfer. A Heggstad petition can help clarify ownership of such items when documentation and witness testimony support the trust maker’s intent. Establishing that these items belong to the trust reduces disputes among beneficiaries and provides a clear legal basis for distribution or management, avoiding uncertainty that can delay final settlement and increase administrative burdens for the trustee.
If you are facing title issues in Dixon, the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman can assist with evaluating whether a Heggstad petition is appropriate and preparing the necessary filings. We offer careful review of trust documents and asset records, help assemble witness declarations, and coordinate service on interested parties to meet court requirements. Our goal is to present a clear and persuasive record to the court so trustees can obtain recognition of trust ownership and proceed with administration. We work to explain the process and next steps in plain language to help families make informed decisions during a difficult time.
Choosing legal representation for a Heggstad petition means securing careful handling of sensitive estate matters and focused preparation of court filings. Our firm emphasizes attention to factual detail, timely communication, and practical solutions designed to achieve recognition of trust ownership when appropriate. We assist trustees in gathering the documents the court needs, preparing compelling declarations, and managing procedural requirements. This thorough approach reduces the likelihood of delays and enhances the trustee’s ability to administer the trust in a manner consistent with the trust maker’s stated wishes.
We also prioritize clear client communication so trustees and beneficiaries understand their rights and responsibilities throughout the petition process. From initial document review to court proceedings, we explain options and anticipated timelines in accessible terms. We coordinate with financial institutions and other custodians to obtain records and support the factual basis for the petition. By focusing on practical steps and court-ready documentation, we help clients pursue resolutions that restore ownership to the trust and allow administration to continue according to plan.
In addition, we aim to minimize stress for families during sensitive times by providing steady case management and protecting confidences. We handle notices, filings, and court interactions so trustees can concentrate on fulfilling their fiduciary duties. Our team seeks outcomes that align with the decedent’s estate plan while maintaining respectful communication with beneficiaries. When disputes arise, we explore options for resolution and prepare the strongest possible presentation for the court to support recognition of trust ownership and efficient distribution of assets.
Our process begins with a thorough intake and review of trust documents, asset records, and any correspondence that reflects the decedent’s intent. We perform a title assessment to identify assets needing correction and work to obtain supporting evidence such as account histories or witness declarations. After preparing the petition and supporting materials, we ensure proper service on interested parties and file the paperwork with the court. We keep clients informed throughout and prepare for hearings by organizing evidence, anticipating likely questions, and presenting clear legal arguments to obtain a favorable court determination recognizing trust ownership.
The initial stage focuses on gathering documents and building the factual record needed for the petition. This includes collecting copies of the trust instrument, account statements, deeds, correspondence, and any notes or records indicating the trust maker’s intent. We also identify interested parties and potential objections, and request institutional records from banks or custodians. Establishing a complete picture early ensures the petition is supported by a coherent narrative that the court can evaluate. Careful evidence gathering at this stage greatly improves the odds of a smooth court process.
We carefully review the trust instrument and related estate planning documents to understand the trust maker’s directions and the trustee’s authority. That review includes checking schedules, amendments, and any related wills or pour-over provisions. We match listed assets to current title records to find discrepancies and develop a plan to document intent. Understanding these connections allows us to craft a petition that ties the written plan to the contested asset, making it easier for the court to see why the property should be treated as trust-owned rather than part of probate estate assets.
Part of preparing a strong petition involves requesting account histories, beneficiary designations, transfer forms, and any communications that shed light on ownership. We coordinate with banks, brokerages, and custodians to obtain evidence of account activity and any attempts to retitle accounts. These records can directly support a finding that the decedent intended the asset for the trust. Timely requests and careful documentation help prevent delays and provide the court with the factual basis it needs to recognize trust ownership and issue appropriate orders.
Once the factual record is compiled, the petition and supporting declarations are drafted and filed with the appropriate probate court. Proper service on all interested parties is crucial to meet statutory notice requirements and allow the court to consider potential objections. We prepare clear affidavits and exhibits to accompany the petition and ensure that required notices are sent in the manner prescribed by law. Completing these procedural steps accurately helps move the case to a hearing with the evidence the court will need to make a determination about trust ownership.
Declarations from the trustee, witnesses, or other informed parties explain the facts supporting the trust maker’s intent and provide context for the documents submitted as exhibits. Each declaration is tailored to address specific points that the court typically considers. Exhibits such as account statements, correspondence, or deeds are organized to match the narrative in the declarations. A clear presentation of declarations and exhibits allows the judge to follow the evidentiary trail linking the asset to the trust without needing undue clarification or additional rounds of filings.
Accurate filings and timely service of petition documents are essential to move the matter forward. We handle submission to the court clerk, pay required filing fees, and coordinate service on beneficiaries, heirs, and known creditors. Meeting statutory timelines and proof of service obligations avoids procedural defects that could delay the hearing. By managing these administrative steps carefully, we help the case proceed efficiently to a hearing where the court can consider the merits of the petition and issue an order recognizing the asset as trust property when the evidence warrants such a finding.
At the hearing, the court reviews declarations and exhibits, hears any objections, and determines whether the asset should be recognized as trust property. Our preparation focuses on presenting a concise factual narrative supported by documentary evidence and witness declarations. If the court finds that the trust maker intended the transfer, it will issue an order declaring the asset part of the trust and providing instructions for title correction or distribution. The final order allows the trustee to proceed with administration consistent with the trust’s terms and the court’s directive.
During the hearing, clear presentation of the petition and preparedness to respond to questions or objections supports a favorable outcome. We highlight key documentary links and witness testimony that demonstrate intent and any steps taken toward transfer. Addressing opposing arguments calmly and directly helps the court weigh the evidence. If objections arise, we provide legal and factual responses and propose appropriate orders to reconcile competing claims. Effective advocacy at the hearing stage increases the likelihood that the court will enter an order recognizing trust ownership.
After obtaining a court order, the trustee follows the court’s instructions to correct titles, update account registrations, or distribute assets as directed. We assist with implementing the order by preparing required transfer documents, coordinating with institutions, and filing any post-judgment paperwork needed to effect title changes. Ensuring the court’s judgment is properly executed helps avoid future disputes and confirms that assets are administered under the trust. This final stage brings closure to the matter and enables trustees to continue estate administration with a clear legal foundation.
A Heggstad petition is a court action used to request that assets be recognized as part of a trust even though they were not formally retitled before the trust maker’s death. The petition asks the probate court to evaluate the evidence and issue an order declaring that the asset belongs to the trust based on the trust maker’s intent and actions. This remedy helps align asset ownership with the trust document and can prevent assets from entering probate. It is commonly used when paperwork was overlooked or when an asset was intended for the trust but remained in the decedent’s name. The court looks at documents, account records, and witness statements to determine intent. When the petition is supported by strong evidence, the court may enter an order allowing the trustee to manage or distribute the asset as trust property.
The timeline for a Heggstad petition varies with the complexity of the case and the court’s schedule. Simple, uncontested petitions supported by clear documentation can move relatively quickly, often within a few months from filing to hearing, depending on court availability and local procedures. Gathering necessary records and preparing declarations can be completed efficiently when documentation is readily available. More complex matters involving multiple assets, contested claims, or requests for additional discovery will take longer. Objections or the need to coordinate records from financial institutions can extend the process. Early organization of documents and clear communication with interested parties help reduce delays and streamline the path to a court hearing and final order.
Documents that directly show the trust maker’s intent are among the most persuasive items in a petition. These include the trust instrument itself, account change forms, deeds reflecting discussions about transfer, correspondence indicating the trust maker’s plan, and beneficiary designations tied to the trust. Historical account statements that align with the trust’s timeline can be particularly influential when they demonstrate how the asset was treated during the trust maker’s lifetime. Witness declarations that corroborate the trust maker’s actions and intent also play a key role. Testimony from family members, advisors, or institution representatives who can confirm conversations or steps taken to transfer assets strengthens the factual narrative. Together, documentary and testimonial evidence helps the court reach a reasoned conclusion about trust ownership.
Yes, beneficiaries or heirs can challenge a Heggstad petition if they believe the asset should not be treated as trust property. Challenges may focus on asserting that the decedent lacked intent to transfer the asset to the trust or that procedural requirements were not met. When objections are filed, the court examines competing evidence and may require additional briefing or hearings to resolve disputed factual issues. Anticipating potential challenges by collecting strong documentation and preparing clear declarations improves the petition’s chance of success. In some cases, parties reach agreements that reduce the need for contested hearings. When disputes persist, the court will weigh the evidence and issue an order based on the legal standards for recognizing trust ownership.
Filing a Heggstad petition often leads to assets being recognized as trust property, which prevents those assets from entering probate if the court grants the petition. However, success depends on the strength of the evidence showing the trust maker’s intent and any actions taken toward transferring the property. Where proof is persuasive, the court can declare that the asset belongs to the trust and authorize appropriate title corrections. There are situations where probate may still be necessary, especially if the evidence is inconclusive or if other estate administration issues exist. Assessing the full estate context and related claims helps determine whether a petition will avoid probate for the specific asset at issue.
Costs vary depending on the case complexity, court filing fees, and the need for additional investigation or litigation. Typical costs include court filing fees, fees for obtaining records from institutions, and legal fees for preparing the petition and supporting declarations. When matters are straightforward and uncontested, costs are generally lower because fewer filings and less court time are required. If the petition prompts objections, discovery, or extended hearings, expenses rise accordingly. Discussing likely ranges of fees and anticipated procedural steps early helps clients plan and make informed decisions about pursuing a petition. Efficient case management and early document collection can help contain costs.
A Heggstad petition may affect creditor claims by clarifying whether an asset is trust property or part of the probate estate. If the court recognizes the asset as trust property, creditors seeking payment from the probate estate may not reach that asset, depending on the trust and creditor rights. However, creditor notification and potential claims must be handled properly to ensure compliance with notice requirements and to address any outstanding debts. Addressing creditor matters early is important to avoid surprises. In some cases, the court may require certain notices or resolution of creditor claims before entering a final order. Proper coordination helps protect the trust and manage creditor expectations while pursuing title recognition.
The successor trustee typically initiates the petition and is responsible for assembling the records, preparing the petition, and representing the trust’s interests in court. The trustee must act in the beneficiaries’ best interests by pursuing steps necessary to administer trust assets accurately. That includes gathering statements, coordinating witness declarations, and handling procedural requirements such as service on interested parties. Fiduciary duties continue throughout the process, so the trustee should document actions taken and communicate with beneficiaries. By pursuing a petition when appropriate, the trustee seeks to align asset ownership with the trust maker’s intent and ensure proper distribution under the trust terms once the court issues its order.
Yes, a court order recognizing an asset as part of the trust often provides the authority needed to correct title and implement transfers. After the order is entered, trustees use it to request retitling with financial institutions, update deeds, or make other changes required to reflect trust ownership. The order serves as legal proof for custodians who may otherwise require documented judicial authority to change account registrations or real property records. In some cases, additional administrative steps are needed to complete title corrections, such as submitting certified copies of the court order or completing transfer paperwork required by institutions. Following the court’s directions closely ensures a smooth implementation and reduces the likelihood of further disputes.
Before contacting counsel, gather copies of the trust document, recent account statements, deeds, beneficiary designations, correspondence that references the trust, and any notes or memos that reflect the trust maker’s intent. Also prepare a list of interested parties and potential heirs so the attorney can evaluate notice requirements. Having this information ready speeds the initial assessment and helps identify whether a petition is appropriate. Providing relevant documents and a concise timeline of events supports early case planning. If institutional records are needed, requesting them promptly can avoid delays. Clear organization of documents and candid discussion of facts allow legal counsel to recommend the most practical path forward for resolving title issues and pursuing necessary filings.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas