A Retirement Plan Trust helps protect tax-advantaged retirement assets like 401(k)s and IRAs by providing a clear mechanism for distribution and control after your passing. For residents of Oak View and greater Ventura County, establishing a retirement plan trust can reduce confusion for beneficiaries, preserve retirement savings, and align distributions with long-term family goals. At the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman, we assist clients in designing trust language and beneficiary designations that reflect California law and personal priorities, while seeking to preserve retirement benefits for the intended recipients under evolving legal rules.
Creating a retirement plan trust requires careful attention to plan rules and tax considerations so that retirement accounts continue to receive favorable treatment when passed on. Whether your goal is to control the timing of distributions, provide ongoing support for a spouse or dependent, or address special needs and creditor protection concerns, the retirement plan trust can be tailored to fit. In Oak View, clients turn to an attorney who understands both retirement plan documents and trust drafting to avoid unintended tax consequences and to ensure coordination with wills, living trusts, and beneficiary designations.
Choosing a retirement plan trust can provide many practical benefits, including preserving tax-advantaged status, avoiding probate complications, and controlling payout timing. For families in Oak View, a properly drafted trust can protect assets from dissipation, structure payouts to match financial needs, and provide for minors or vulnerable relatives in a way that beneficiary forms alone cannot. This approach also facilitates smoother administration by a trustee who follows your instructions. Thoughtful planning helps reduce disputes and aligns retirement assets with the broader estate plan to meet long-term family and financial objectives.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman serves individuals and families across the Bay Area and Ventura County, including Oak View. Our practice focuses on estate planning documents such as revocable living trusts, wills, powers of attorney, and retirement plan trusts. We emphasize clear communication, practical drafting, and attention to California probate and trust administration rules. Clients receive guidance on coordinating beneficiary designations, trust provisions, and related petitions like Heggstad or trust modification filings so that retirement assets are distributed consistent with each client’s wishes and the applicable legal framework.
A retirement plan trust is a trust created to receive and manage retirement account benefits for the benefit of designated beneficiaries. It must be drafted to align with the terms of the retirement plan and federal tax rules to avoid accelerating taxable distributions. In California practice, the trust language should account for required minimum distributions, spousal rights, and potential claims in probate or trust administration. Effective drafting addresses who will serve as trustee, how distributions will be made, and protections for beneficiaries, all while coordinating with the client’s broader estate planning documents.
When establishing a retirement plan trust, it is important to consider how the trust will be treated by the retirement plan administrator and tax authorities. The trust may be structured as a conduit or accumulation trust depending on distribution objectives. Decisions about successor beneficiaries, contingent beneficiaries, and trust termination conditions affect both tax outcomes and practical administration. Working through these options ahead of time helps prevent unintended taxation and ensures that the trust fulfills the client’s goals for preserving retirement savings and providing for loved ones in a predictable manner.
A retirement plan trust functions as a designated recipient of retirement account proceeds under a plan’s beneficiary designation. The trust document sets rules for when and how funds are distributed to beneficiaries, whether in installments, for health or education, or as support over time. The trust may include provisions addressing required minimum distributions, rollover options, and successor trustees. Properly coordinated documents ensure that beneficiary forms name the trust and that the trust’s provisions permit the continuance of tax-advantaged treatment under current rules, while also protecting beneficiaries from undue influence or mismanagement.
Key elements include clear trustee appointment, beneficiary identification, distribution provisions, and language that meets retirement plan and tax requirements. The process usually involves reviewing retirement account documents, drafting or revising the trust, updating beneficiary designations, and communicating with plan administrators. Additional steps can include preparing related estate planning documents such as pour-over wills, powers of attorney, and health care directives, as well as forms like certification of trust. Attention to administrative tasks and documentation helps ensure the trust operates as intended and that retirement benefits are preserved for the named beneficiaries.
This section explains commonly used terms so you can make informed decisions. Understanding words like beneficiary designation, conduit trust, accumulation trust, required minimum distribution, and pour-over will helps demystify the planning process. Definitions clarify how different choices affect taxation and payout timing. Becoming familiar with these concepts allows clients to evaluate trade-offs between immediate liquidity for beneficiaries and long-term preservation of retirement assets, and to coordinate trust provisions with account-specific rules and California estate administration procedures.
A beneficiary designation is the form completed with a retirement plan that names who will receive account proceeds upon the account holder’s death. Properly naming a retirement plan trust as beneficiary requires precise language so that plan administrators accept the trust. Coordination between the form and the trust document is important to prevent a mismatch that could cause assets to pass outside intended arrangements. Updating beneficiary designations after major life events ensures that retirement accounts transfer according to current wishes and avoid unintended beneficiaries.
A conduit trust requires that retirement plan distributions be passed directly to the trust beneficiaries as received, which may preserve favorable payout options but offers limited internal control. An accumulation trust allows the trustee to retain distributions within the trust for future use, potentially offering more control but risking accelerated taxation in some situations. The choice between these structures depends on objectives for control, timing, and tax treatment. Drafting must carefully match the chosen structure with plan rules and intended distribution timing to maintain desired outcomes.
Required Minimum Distribution refers to the minimum amount that a retirement account owner or beneficiary must withdraw annually beginning at certain ages under federal rules. For trusts receiving retirement assets, RMD timing and calculation can be affected by how the trust is structured and who qualifies as a designated beneficiary. Ensuring that trust provisions and beneficiary designations allow for appropriate RMD calculations helps avoid penalties and unexpected tax consequences, and preserves orderly distributions in line with the account owner’s estate planning goals.
A pour-over will directs assets not already placed in a trust to be transferred to the trust at death, while a certification of trust provides trustees and institutions with an abbreviated summary of trust powers and trusteeship without revealing the full trust terms. Both documents are common components of a coordinated estate plan. Using a pour-over will and certification of trust together helps ensure that retirement and nonretirement assets are administered consistently and provides plan administrators the information needed to recognize the trust as a valid beneficiary.
When deciding how to pass retirement assets, options include naming individuals directly, using a revocable living trust, or establishing a retirement plan trust tailored to account rules. Each choice has implications for taxes, creditor exposure, and administrative ease. Direct designations are simple but offer limited control. A revocable living trust can coordinate assets broadly, but may not preserve retirement account tax treatment unless designed specifically. A dedicated retirement plan trust often provides the best balance of control and tax considerations for complex family situations where staged distributions or protections are desired.
In many cases where a spouse or an adult child is both willing and able to manage inherited retirement assets, straightforward beneficiary designations may be adequate. Direct naming avoids the complexity of trust administration and may provide beneficiaries with immediate access to funds as needed. This approach can work well when family relationships are stable, there are no special needs beneficiaries, and the desire for long-term control or creditor protection is limited. It remains important to periodically review designations to ensure they still reflect current wishes and circumstances.
For smaller retirement accounts or uncomplicated estates with minimal risk of creditor claims, a limited approach may be sufficient and more cost-effective. When account values are modest and beneficiaries are capable, the administrative burden and expense of creating a dedicated trust may not be justified. In these situations, maintaining clear beneficiary designations and integrating those forms with basic estate planning documents can provide efficient transfer at death while keeping overall planning simple and economical for Oak View households.
A comprehensive retirement plan trust is often recommended when beneficiaries include minors, individuals with disabilities, or those who may face financial mismanagement risks. Trust provisions can stage distributions, require trustee oversight, and impose spending standards to protect long-term financial health. This additional structure provides peace of mind by ensuring that retirement accounts will be used for beneficiaries’ support, education, and medical needs, rather than being spent impulsively or otherwise dissipated shortly after inheritance, while also addressing California law considerations for guardianships and conservatorships.
Blended families, second marriages, and concerns about creditor claims or divorce can make a more comprehensive trust approach worthwhile. Retirement plan trusts can preserve assets for specific family lines, limit access by ex-spouses, and offer some protections from creditors depending on the legal context. By coordinating beneficiary designations with trust terms and other estate planning tools, clients can address competing interests and create a predictable distribution plan that reflects their intentions and adapts to changing family dynamics while complying with legal and tax rules.
A comprehensive approach helps preserve retirement benefits, control distribution timing, and align payouts with family needs and tax considerations. When retirement accounts are significant, thoughtful drafting reduces the likelihood of disputes and prevents unintended taxable events. This method also integrates protective measures for vulnerable beneficiaries, coordinates spousal rights, and anticipates required minimum distributions. For Oak View families looking to leave a lasting legacy, a cohesive plan that addresses both retirement assets and other estate planning documents creates clarity and reduces the administrative burden on survivors.
Comprehensive planning also improves the trustee’s ability to administer assets smoothly by providing clear instructions and contingencies. It reduces friction with plan administrators and decreases the chance that account proceeds will be distributed in ways that contradict the client’s wishes. Additionally, comprehensive plans can address potential future modifications through trust amendment procedures and include provisions such as Heggstad petitions or trust modification petitions if circumstances require formal court action. Overall, a carefully coordinated plan increases predictability and helps ensure that retirement assets serve their intended purposes.
A properly drafted retirement plan trust maintains favorable tax treatment by providing the trust and beneficiary classification needed for continued deferral and structured distributions. The trust can specify how required minimum distributions should be calculated and who qualifies as a designated beneficiary. This planning reduces the risk of accelerated taxation and allows beneficiaries to stretch distributions where permitted. Clear distribution rules also help the trustee manage cash flow for family needs while maintaining tax efficiency across the inherited retirement assets.
By establishing defined distribution standards and trustee duties, a retirement plan trust can limit disputes among beneficiaries and reduce the risk of litigation. The trust can provide mechanisms for resolving disagreements and appoint successor trustees to ensure continuity. These protections are particularly valuable in blended families or when beneficiaries have differing financial maturity. Clear separation of retirement assets through trust provisions also helps shield intended recipients from outside claims and allows the original owner to shape a long-term plan that reflects their values and priorities for generations to come.
Begin by gathering account statements, plan summary documents, and current beneficiary designations so that trust language can be drafted to match plan requirements. This preliminary review identifies distribution options, spousal consent requirements, and plan-specific rules that affect whether a trust is an appropriate beneficiary. Addressing these details early prevents surprises and helps ensure that the trust is accepted by plan administrators. For Oak View residents, local counsel can assist in coordinating the trust with California inheritance procedures and related estate planning instruments.
Selecting an appropriate trustee and outlining clear decision-making authority are essential to effective trust administration. The trustee should be willing to follow distribution instructions and manage tax timing, investments, and communications with beneficiaries. Thoughtful contingency planning for trustee succession and dispute resolution reduces the chance of interruptions when administering retirement funds. Including guidance on investment policy and distribution priorities within the trust helps the trustee act consistently with the grantor’s objectives and provides clarity for beneficiaries during what can be a stressful time.
Retirement plan trusts offer solutions for families seeking control over how retirement assets are distributed after death, protection for vulnerable beneficiaries, and coordination with other estate planning documents. For Oak View individuals with substantial retirement savings or complex family situations, the trust provides a structured approach that can reduce tax complications for beneficiaries and provide a predictable flow of support. Reviewing all retirement accounts in concert with wills, living trusts, and beneficiary forms helps create a comprehensive plan tailored to both legal and personal objectives.
Beyond tax considerations, retirement plan trusts can help prevent premature depletion of retirement funds and ensure that assets are used for intended purposes such as education, healthcare, or ongoing support. They also provide an avenue to address potential creditor claims or family disputes by setting enforceable rules for distributions. When paired with powers of attorney and advance health care directives, a retirement plan trust is part of a complete estate planning toolkit that protects both financial and personal interests for Oak View families.
Typical circumstances include having minor children, having beneficiaries with special needs, owning large retirement accounts that could create tax or creditor issues, or having blended family dynamics where asset control is a priority. Other common reasons are the desire to preserve tax advantages while managing distribution timing, or planning for beneficiaries who may face financial challenges. In such circumstances, establishing a retirement plan trust as a beneficiary ensures retirement assets are handled according to the account owner’s carefully considered plan rather than being distributed outright.
When beneficiaries are minors or young adults, outright distributions may lead to mismanagement or insufficient long-term support. A retirement plan trust can create staged distributions tied to age, education milestones, or need-based standards to ensure that funds support long-term goals. Trustee oversight helps manage distributions responsibly, and the trust can specify uses for health, education, maintenance, and support. By providing a structured framework, the trust helps guide funds toward the intended purposes while balancing the beneficiary’s evolving needs over time.
For beneficiaries receiving government benefits or requiring ongoing care, carefully designed trust provisions can preserve eligibility while providing supplemental support. A retirement plan trust can be tailored to distribute funds in a way that funds necessary services without disqualifying a beneficiary from means-tested benefits. This careful balance prevents unintended loss of public assistance and ensures that retirement accounts enhance the beneficiary’s quality of life. Coordinating trust language with other planning tools provides both financial support and protection for vulnerable family members.
In blended family situations, a retirement plan trust can preserve assets for intended relatives while still providing for a surviving spouse or partner. Trust provisions can direct lifetime benefits to a spouse and remainder to children from a prior relationship, or specify different distribution paths for various family branches. This structure reduces the risk of unintended disinheritance and helps mediate competing interests. By articulating clear priorities and contingent beneficiaries, the trust supports family harmony and ensures the account owner’s legacy is honored according to their objectives.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman is available to guide Oak View residents through establishing, reviewing, or updating retirement plan trusts as part of a comprehensive estate plan. We assist with drafting trust provisions, coordinating beneficiary designations, preparing associated documents like pour-over wills and powers of attorney, and communicating with retirement plan administrators. Our approach emphasizes clarity and practical implementation to help ensure that retirement benefits are preserved and distributed according to the client’s wishes while complying with applicable California and federal rules.
Clients work with the Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman because we provide focused attention to the details that determine how retirement accounts are treated at death. We review account rules and draft trust provisions designed to align with retirement plan requirements and tax considerations. Our service includes updating beneficiary forms and preparing complementary estate planning documents so that the client’s retirement assets integrate smoothly into an overall plan. Clear communication and practical guidance help clients make informed decisions that reflect their priorities.
We prioritize proactive planning and ongoing review so that retirement plan trusts remain aligned with changing laws and life circumstances. Whether updating documents after a marriage, divorce, birth, or other major event, we help clients adapt their plans to new realities. By anticipating administrative questions and providing trustees with clear guidance, we reduce friction when accounts are transferred. Our focus is to deliver durable documents that give clients confidence their retirement assets will be managed and distributed consistent with their intentions.
Our firm also assists with related filings or petitions that may arise in trust administration, providing coordinated support for matters like Heggstad petitions or trust modifications if unexpected issues surface. We help trustees interact with plan administrators and beneficiaries to facilitate efficient administration. Oak View clients receive personalized attention to make sure their retirement plan trusts are practical, legally defensible, and designed to meet each family’s unique goals and concerns.
Our process begins with a thorough intake to understand asset structure, family dynamics, and goals for retirement accounts. We review retirement plan documents, current beneficiary designations, and existing estate planning instruments. Following that assessment, we draft recommended trust provisions, update beneficiary forms, and prepare supporting documents like pour-over wills and certification of trust. Throughout, we explain tax and distribution implications, coordinate with plan administrators as needed, and provide clear written instructions for trustees and beneficiaries to support smooth administration after a client’s passing.
The first step involves collecting retirement account statements, summary plan descriptions, beneficiary forms, and any existing estate planning documents. This review identifies plan-specific rules, spousal consent needs, and the current state of beneficiary designations. Understanding these details is essential to drafting a trust that will be accepted by the account administrator and that will achieve intended tax and distribution goals. We also discuss family circumstances and longer-term objectives so the trust provisions reflect both legal realities and personal priorities.
Gathering complete and accurate account documentation allows us to draft trust language that mirrors plan requirements. This includes current beneficiary forms, plan summaries, and statements showing account types and holders. Early collection helps uncover any mismatches between estate plans and beneficiary designations and allows for timely updates. Clear and complete records reduce delays with plan administrators and provide a reliable foundation for drafting provisions that preserve tax treatment and direct distributions according to the client’s intended plan.
We review your wills, living trusts, powers of attorney, advance health care directives, and other instruments to ensure consistent coordination with a retirement plan trust. This evaluation identifies gaps, conflicts, or redundant provisions that could cause confusion upon administration. Where needed, we recommend updates such as pour-over wills, certification of trust, or modifications to trustee succession provisions. Consistency across documents helps ensure that retirement accounts are handled in harmony with broader estate planning objectives.
After gathering information, we draft trust provisions tailored to the client’s goals and the retirement plan’s requirements. Drafting includes specifying trustee powers, distribution standards, contingency beneficiaries, and RMD-related provisions. We also prepare updated beneficiary designations and communicate with plan administrators to confirm acceptance. This stage may involve several rounds of review and refinements so that documents accurately reflect the client’s intentions while anticipating administrative and tax-related practicalities.
Drafted trust provisions will define who receives funds, how distributions are timed or limited, and what powers the trustee has to manage investment, distributions, and communications. The trust will aim to preserve tax-advantaged treatment and align with plan terms for designated beneficiaries. Clear rules help trustees act decisively and reduce the likelihood of disputes, while distribution standards protect beneficiaries and preserve funds for long-term needs such as education and healthcare.
We assist clients in confirming that the retirement plan administrator will accept the trust as designated beneficiary and that the trust’s language satisfies administrative requirements. This coordination can speed transfers and clarify how the administrator will calculate distributions. Addressing administrative questions early reduces the chance of delays or rejections and provides beneficiaries and trustees with a clear roadmap for accessing and managing retirement funds after a participant’s passing.
Once documents are finalized, we guide clients through formal execution, updating beneficiary forms, and filing any necessary documentation with plan administrators. We provide trustees and named beneficiaries with plain-language instructions and make recommendations for recordkeeping. We also recommend periodic reviews to ensure the trust remains aligned with tax law changes, shifting family circumstances, and updates to retirement accounts. Ongoing attention helps maintain the plan’s effectiveness and ensures retirement assets continue to serve intended goals.
Proper execution includes signing the trust and related documents in accordance with California requirements, updating beneficiary designations with the plan administrator, and providing trustees with necessary records. Storing original documents securely and distributing copies to trusted individuals or institutions simplifies administration later. We advise clients on best practices for document retention, trustee orientation, and emergency access to records so that retirement benefits can be administered without avoidable delays when they are needed most.
Life events and law changes can affect the suitability of a retirement plan trust, so periodic reviews are important. We recommend revisiting documents after marriage, divorce, births, major changes in asset values, or new tax rules. Adjustments might include modifying trustee succession, updating distribution standards, or filing trust modification petitions when circumstances require formal change. Regular review helps preserve intended outcomes and adapts the plan to evolving family and legal landscapes in Oak View and California generally.
A retirement plan trust is a trust drafted to receive proceeds from retirement accounts such as IRAs and 401(k)s and to control how those assets are distributed to beneficiaries. It is designed to coordinate with beneficiary designation forms and retirement plan rules to preserve favorable tax treatment where possible and to impose distribution standards. Whether you need one depends on family circumstances, asset size, beneficiary needs, and the desire for control and protection. For some, simple beneficiary designations are sufficient; for others, a trust helps manage timing and protect vulnerable beneficiaries. Choosing whether to create a retirement plan trust should involve review of your specific accounts and family situation. Important factors include whether beneficiaries are minors, have special needs, or face creditor risks, and whether you want to manage payout timing or protect assets across generations. The trust must be drafted to align with the plan’s requirements so that administrators accept it, and professional guidance can help avoid unintended tax or administrative consequences while achieving your goals.
Tax treatment for beneficiaries depends on the account type and how the trust is structured. Proper planning can allow beneficiaries to defer distributions and spread taxable income over allowed timeframes. However, if a trust is not drafted according to plan and tax rules, it can trigger accelerated distributions and higher immediate taxes for beneficiaries. Ensuring the trust is treated as a designated beneficiary for required minimum distribution purposes is an important drafting consideration. An attorney can help choose distribution language that aims to preserve tax advantages where appropriate and coordinate with the account administrator. The choice between conduit and accumulation trust formats influences taxation and control, so aligning legal drafting with goals for tax management and beneficiary protection is essential for favorable tax outcomes.
Yes, many retirement plans permit a trust to be named as beneficiary, but acceptance depends on precise trust language and plan rules. The trust should identify beneficiaries clearly and include provisions that allow the plan administrator to determine required minimum distributions and beneficiary eligibility. If the trust document and beneficiary form do not align, the administrator may reject the trust or treat the beneficiary designation differently than intended, which could cause unintended results. Before naming a trust, review the retirement plan’s beneficiary rules and consult counsel to ensure the trust’s provisions meet administrative and tax requirements. We assist with drafting the trust and coordinating beneficiary forms to reduce the chance of administrative problems and to ensure that retirement account proceeds transfer under the terms you intend.
A conduit trust requires the trustee to pass retirement plan distributions directly to the trust beneficiaries as they are received, which can preserve certain payout options and maintain beneficiary status for distribution calculations. An accumulation trust permits the trustee to retain distributions in the trust for future use, offering greater control but potentially causing different tax treatment. The right choice depends on priorities for control, beneficiary protection, and tax consequences. Selecting the appropriate structure depends on family needs and tax goals. Conduit trusts may simplify RMD handling but limit trustee discretion, whereas accumulation trusts provide flexibility but require careful drafting to avoid adverse tax results. A thoughtful review of the options helps determine which structure best aligns with your objectives.
Required minimum distributions are federal rules that dictate minimum annual withdrawals from certain retirement accounts beginning at specified ages. When a trust is named as a beneficiary, how RMDs are calculated and applied depends on whether the trust qualifies as a designated beneficiary and on the trust’s terms. Properly drafted trusts can allow beneficiaries to take distributions over extended periods, but incorrect drafting can force accelerated distributions and taxes. To manage RMDs effectively, trust language should address beneficiary identification, payout timing, and how distributions are applied. Coordination with plan administrators is also important so that RMDs are calculated correctly and funds are distributed in line with both tax rules and the trust’s distribution objectives.
A retirement plan trust can offer some protection from beneficiary creditors depending on the trust’s terms and applicable law, but protection is not absolute. Trust provisions that limit outright access and provide trustee-managed distributions can reduce the risk that beneficiaries’ creditors access retirement funds, compared to outright distributions. However, state law, bankruptcy rules, and the type of creditor claim affect the degree of protection available. To maximize protective features, trusts can include spendthrift provisions and carefully structured distribution standards. Because legal protections vary, it is important to design the trust with awareness of California law and potential creditor scenarios so that the trust provides meaningful safeguards while still meeting distribution and tax objectives.
Retirement plan trusts should be reviewed periodically, particularly after major life events such as marriage, divorce, births, significant changes in asset values, or when tax laws change. Regular reviews ensure that beneficiary designations remain current and that the trust provisions continue to achieve intended outcomes. A periodic review also helps identify any administrative issues with retirement plan acceptance or changing distribution rules that might require adjustments. For many clients, an annual check-in or a review every few years provides reasonable assurance that documents remain effective. Prompt review after major life events is especially important to prevent unintended beneficiaries or outdated instructions from creating problems during administration.
If beneficiary designations conflict with trust provisions, the retirement plan administrator typically follows the designation form on file, which can override trust intentions if the trust was not properly named or the form was not updated. This highlights the importance of aligning beneficiary forms with trust language and of updating designations after executing a trust. Conflicts can lead to assets passing outside the intended plan and may create tax or administrative complications for beneficiaries. To avoid conflicts, review and update beneficiary designations whenever trusts are created or amended. Working with counsel to confirm that the plan administrator will accept the trust as named beneficiary reduces the risk of discrepancies and helps ensure retirement assets transfer as intended by the account holder.
You do not necessarily need a separate trust for each retirement account; a single retirement plan trust can be drafted to receive proceeds from multiple accounts. The trust must be written to accommodate the rules for each type of account named and to allow administrators to determine required minimum distributions. Consolidating accounts under one retirement plan trust can simplify administration and provide consistent distribution rules across accounts, but the drafting must address the distinct characteristics of each account type. In some cases, clients prefer separate provisions or trusts for certain accounts to achieve particular tax or distribution outcomes. The decision should be based on asset structure, beneficiary objectives, and administrative practicality. Counsel can recommend the best approach given your specific retirement portfolio and family considerations.
Ensuring a trustee can administer retirement assets properly involves selecting an aware and capable trustee and providing clear written guidance and powers in the trust document. The trust should outline trustee duties, distribution standards, and authority to communicate with plan administrators and tax advisors. Providing plain-language instructions and ensuring access to necessary records reduces the likelihood of administrative errors and delays. Trustee preparedness also benefits from naming successor trustees and including provisions for professional assistance if needed. Training or a written trustee checklist can be included with trust documents so that those charged with administration have a practical roadmap for handling retirement account transfers and complying with distribution and tax requirements.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas