A pet trust helps ensure the care and well-being of a beloved animal after an owner’s incapacity or death. In Dunnigan and throughout Yolo County, planning ahead gives pet owners confidence that their companion will receive housing, medical attention, and financial support according to clear instructions. This page explains how a pet trust works, what options are available under California law, and practical steps to create a trust that matches your wishes. Whether you own a dog, cat, horse, or other companion animal, careful planning protects their future and reduces uncertainty for family members who may take responsibility.
Creating a pet trust usually involves naming a caregiver, allocating funds for care, and specifying instructions for daily routines and medical needs. A trust can be standalone or part of a broader estate plan that includes wills, powers of attorney, and healthcare directives. Working with a local law office familiar with California trust rules helps ensure documents are drafted to meet legal requirements and your personal objectives. This guide outlines options and considerations specific to Dunnigan residents so you can make informed choices about providing for your pet’s long-term comfort, health, and safety.
A pet trust provides legal assurance that your animal companion will be cared for in accordance with your wishes. It creates a dedicated plan for funds, named caregivers, and instructions for medical care, daily routines, and even end-of-life decisions. For Dunnigan residents, a trust reduces disputes among family members and simplifies transitions when pets move to new homes. By setting aside resources and clear guidance, you reduce stress for loved ones and help preserve your pet’s familiar environment and care standards. A well-crafted trust also supports continuity of care if you become unable to make decisions yourself.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman provides estate planning services to individuals and families across California, including Dunnigan and Yolo County. The firm focuses on thoughtful planning documents such as revocable living trusts, pour-over wills, powers of attorney, and pet trusts. Clients benefit from practical guidance, clear communication, and tailored documents that reflect personal preferences and state law requirements. The firm helps integrate pet trusts into broader estate plans so companions receive consistent care and funds are properly allocated. Friendly, local assistance is available by phone to discuss specific needs and next steps.
A pet trust is a legal arrangement that designates funds for the care of a companion animal and names a caregiver responsible for following your instructions. Under California law, a pet trust can be created within a larger trust or as a separate document. Key elements include identifying the pet, specifying the caregiver, allocating money for food, veterinary care, boarding, and other needs, and providing guidance on living arrangements and medical preferences. Pet owners should also include alternative caregivers and consider the duration of the trust to ensure uninterrupted care and clarity for those who step in.
When drafting a pet trust, you will decide whether funds are disbursed periodically or held in reserve, how to document receipts, and what oversight or accounting is required. It is common to include provisions for unexpected medical costs, boarding during temporary caregiver absences, and instructions for rehoming if a long-term caregiver cannot continue. Naming a trustee to manage funds and a caregiver to provide day-to-day attention creates a practical division of responsibilities. Thoughtful planning reduces the risk of disputes and helps ensure your animal companion enjoys stability and quality care over time.
A pet trust is a legally binding instrument that directs funds and instructions for the care of a pet after the owner’s death or incapacity. It names a trustee to handle money and a caregiver to provide daily care, and it can include specific details about diet, exercise, vet visits, grooming, and preferred living arrangements. Pet trusts can address temporary situations as well, such as adult children caring for a pet while traveling. The trust document can also set criteria for releasing funds and require periodic reporting to ensure the caregiver adheres to your standards, creating accountability and long-term security for your animal companion.
Key elements of a pet trust include selecting a caregiver and trustee, determining the amount of funds needed for ongoing care, and detailing instructions for veterinary care, nutrition, and living arrangements. The process often begins with an inventory of your pet’s current needs and likely future expenses. Drafting the trust requires language that satisfies California legal standards, including clarity about the trustee’s powers and any limitations on spending. Signing and properly funding the trust are critical steps so designated funds are available when needed. Regular reviews ensure the plan keeps pace with changes in your pet’s health and care requirements.
Understanding common terms used in pet trust planning helps you make informed choices. Important concepts include trustee, caregiver, funding, pour-over will, designation of funds, and duration of the trust. Knowing how these elements interact clarifies responsibilities and reduces confusion when the trust takes effect. This glossary provides concise definitions that explain roles and procedures so you can discuss options with confidence. Clear definitions also help ensure your documents accurately reflect your intentions and that court or legal review, if needed, interprets your plan as you intended.
A trustee is the person or entity responsible for managing the funds set aside under the pet trust. The trustee’s role includes holding and investing money, making payments for veterinary care, boarding, and supplies, and following the terms of the trust regarding disbursements and reporting. Trustees may be family members, friends, or a professional such as a law firm or financial institution. Selecting a trustee who is organized and willing to maintain records and make timely payments helps ensure funds are used as intended and that the caregiver receives reliable support for the pet’s ongoing needs.
The caregiver is the individual who provides daily attention, companionship, and direct care to the pet. This person may live with the pet or regularly visit to meet its needs. The trust should clearly identify the caregiver and outline responsibilities for feeding, grooming, exercise, medical care, and emergency decisions. Naming alternates helps cover unexpected changes. It is helpful to have the caregiver acknowledge their role in writing and to coordinate with the trustee to ensure funds are available for the pet’s care. Clear expectations prevent misunderstandings and ensure continuity.
Funding refers to the money or assets allocated to support the pet’s care under the trust. Funding can come from a specific cash gift, a designated portion of a trust, or instructions in a pour-over will that directs assets into the pet trust at the time of death. Accurate estimation of costs is essential to avoid shortfalls, and owners commonly include a reserve for unexpected veterinary emergencies. The trustee manages the funds and distributes them per the trust instructions to cover living expenses, medical bills, boarding, and other reasonable costs associated with maintaining the pet’s welfare.
Duration and termination provisions outline how long the pet trust will remain in effect and the conditions that end the arrangement. Common approaches include continuing the trust for the pet’s natural life, setting a specific number of years, or specifying events that trigger termination such as loss of the pet or lack of caregiver. The trust should also state how remaining funds will be distributed when the arrangement ends, for example to a charity or family member. Clear termination rules prevent disputes about leftover funds and provide finality when the trust’s purpose is fulfilled.
There are several ways to provide for a pet, including a formal pet trust, provisions in a will, or informal family arrangements. A pet trust offers stronger legal protections and a designated source of funding, while a will may lack enforceable provisions for ongoing pet care and can lead to delays during probate. Informal arrangements rely on goodwill but may leave caregivers without adequate resources. Choosing the right option depends on the desired level of legal security, the complexity of finances, and how clearly you want your instructions enforced. For many residents, the added structure of a trust is worth the assurance it provides.
A limited approach may be suitable for cases where the pet’s care is simple and inexpensive, or when a trusted friend or family member is already prepared to take responsibility without needing formal financial support. If a pet is young, healthy, and unlikely to require significant medical care, a placement agreement accompanied by a modest monetary gift could meet most needs. In these situations, informal arrangements reduce paperwork and cost. However, it remains important to put basic instructions in writing and communicate wishes to the identified caregiver to avoid confusion or disputes in the future.
When close family members are willing to commit to caring for the animal and there is clear consensus about responsibilities, an informal arrangement might suffice. A written letter of instruction that outlines basic needs, medical contacts, and feeding routines can be paired with a modest gift to the caregiver. This approach depends on reliable personal relationships and assumes no significant future financial burden will fall on the caregiver. Even in these cases, documenting your wishes and providing contact information for veterinarians helps ensure a smooth transition and consistent care.
A formal pet trust offers legally enforceable instructions and a dedicated source of funds to cover long-term care, which is important if your pet may require ongoing medical treatment, specialty care, or boarding. The trust gives the trustee authority to manage resources and ensures bills are paid promptly without burdening the caregiver. For owners who want to guarantee adherence to their wishes, the trust includes reporting and oversight provisions so that payments and care align with specified standards. This legal structure provides predictability and protects the pet’s future needs.
If your plan involves multiple potential caregivers, contingent instructions, or complex funding sources, a formal trust organizes responsibilities and resolves potential disputes. The trust can name primary and alternate caregivers, specify procedures if a caregiver cannot continue, and set terms for how funds are used. That structure helps prevent disagreements among family members and gives the trustee clear authority to implement your plan. For individuals with larger estates or particular wishes about medical or behavioral care, a formal trust provides clarity and continuity.
A comprehensive pet trust delivers peace of mind by putting a legal framework in place that aligns funding, caregiving, and reporting. It secures dedicated resources to pay for veterinary care, food, boarding, and other necessary expenses without relying on probate processes that can delay access to funds. The trust can include specific instructions about medical treatment, living arrangements, and behavioral needs so that caregivers know exactly how to proceed. By anticipating contingencies and naming alternates, the arrangement reduces uncertainty and helps ensure your pet’s routine and health needs are maintained.
Beyond financial provisions, a thorough trust encourages responsible coordination between trustees and caregivers, and can require accounting to confirm funds are spent appropriately. This level of supervision protects both the pet and the caregiver by clarifying expectations and giving the trustee authority to act if issues arise. Comprehensive planning also helps preserve sentimental continuity, allowing pets to remain in familiar homes or with designated family members when possible. Overall, a formal arrangement offers reliability, accountability, and long-term protection for your companion animal.
One major advantage of a formal trust is the assurance that funds are earmarked and managed specifically for the pet’s needs. Clear rules about acceptable expenses, reimbursement procedures, and acceptable receipts reduce confusion about how money should be spent. These provisions give caregivers confidence that veterinary bills and routine expenses will be covered without personal financial burden. Additionally, trustees can be instructed to invest conservatively to preserve capital while making regular distributions for care, ensuring the pet receives ongoing support throughout its life.
Including oversight and reporting mechanisms in a pet trust helps prevent misunderstandings and family disputes over care or use of funds. A trustee’s duty to account for spending and follow instructions provides transparency and enables neutral enforcement if disagreements arise. Clear contingency plans and naming alternates reduce friction when circumstances change, such as relocation or health events affecting caregivers. This structure protects the pet’s continuity of care and preserves family relationships by providing an impartial process for resolving issues related to the pet’s welfare and the use of trust funds.
Selecting the right caregiver is one of the most important decisions when creating a pet trust. Choose someone who understands the animal’s temperament, routine, and medical needs, and discuss expectations up front. Naming at least one alternate caregiver helps prepare for unforeseen changes. It is helpful to obtain the person’s written acknowledgment and contact information, and to ensure the caregiver is willing to coordinate with the trustee about funding and receipts. Having these conversations settled in advance reduces stress for both people and pets when the time comes for the caregiver to step in.
A pet trust works best when coordinated with other estate planning documents such as a revocable living trust, pour-over will, powers of attorney, and healthcare directives. Integrating these instruments ensures consistent instructions and funding mechanisms. For example, a pour-over will can direct assets into a living trust that funds a pet trust at the appropriate time. Coordinated planning also reduces the likelihood of conflicts or oversight and provides a single point of contact for family members handling multiple obligations after an owner’s incapacity or death.
Pet trusts provide legal protection, dedicated funding, and a formal plan for individuals who want to ensure their animal companions receive consistent care. If you rely on a friend or family member to step in, a trust prevents delays and clarifies expectations. It also helps when pets have special medical needs, behavioral considerations, or attachment to a particular environment. For Dunnigan owners who value predictable outcomes and reduced stress for their caregivers, a trust creates documented instructions and financial means to support the pet’s well-being beyond the owner’s lifetime or capacity.
Another important reason to consider a trust is the avoidance of probate delays that can affect timely access to funds for veterinary care. A properly funded trust can begin making distributions without waiting for estate administration, providing immediate support to the caregiver. Additionally, clear instructions help reduce family disagreements about rehoming, medical treatment, or expenditure, preserving relationships during difficult transitions. If you want to guarantee that your companion receives the level of care you prefer, creating a pet trust is an effective and legally structured way to do so.
Circumstances that commonly prompt pet trust planning include aging owners who want to secure long-term care, owners with pets that have ongoing medical needs, or households where no immediate family member is available to assume care. Pets that are emotionally bonded to a specific person or environment may require additional instructions to preserve that routine. Owners who travel frequently or who have blended families can also benefit from naming caregivers and trustees in advance. In each case, a trust provides clarity about funds, responsibilities, and instructions for maintaining the pet’s quality of life.
If an owner becomes incapacitated, having a pet trust in place ensures that caregiving and funding continue without interruption. The document designates a caregiver to step in and a trustee to release funds, which is especially important when medical bills or care obligations complicate family dynamics. A trust can also provide instructions on temporary care while the owner recovers, specifying who is authorized to make veterinary decisions and how funds should be used for treatment. This planning preserves the pet’s routine and provides certainty during a stressful health event.
Following an owner’s death, a pet trust can immediately provide funding and instructions so that the caregiver can act quickly to arrange housing and veterinary care. Without a trust, caregivers might need to wait for probate to distribute assets, which can delay access to funds. A trust also allows the owner to specify who should assume permanent care and what financial resources are allocated. For owners who foresee long-term separations due to work or relocation, a trust clarifies arrangements and ensures the pet’s stability during transitions.
Pets requiring ongoing medication, therapy, or special diets benefit from planning that outlines how those needs will be met and funded. The trust can require the trustee to pay for specific treatments and provide guidance on acceptable alternatives. For behavioral or therapy animals that play an essential role in a household, detailed instructions about routines and training help caregivers maintain continuity. Setting aside funds for specialized care or contingency plans for costly procedures reduces the risk that financial limitations will compromise the pet’s health or comfort.
The Law Offices of Robert P. Bergman assists Dunnigan residents with tailored pet trust planning that coordinates with broader estate documents. The firm helps identify appropriate caregivers and trustees, estimates funding needs, and drafts clear, enforceable trust language that reflects your wishes. Clients receive practical guidance on integrating pet trusts with revocable living trusts, pour-over wills, and related estate planning tools. If you are considering how best to provide for a companion animal, the firm can explain options, review sample trust provisions, and help create a plan that balances your goals and local legal requirements.
The firm offers a client-centered approach to estate planning and pet trust drafting, emphasizing clear communication and practical solutions. We work with you to understand your pet’s routine, medical needs, and preferred living arrangements, and then translate those priorities into durable legal documents tailored to California law. Our services include coordination of trusts with wills, powers of attorney, and health care directives to ensure consistent planning across all areas of your estate. We also help name alternates and create contingency language that reduces future uncertainty for caregivers.
Beyond document preparation, the firm assists with funding strategies and provides guidance on selecting trustees and caregivers who can fulfill the roles you designate. We explain recordkeeping and reporting expectations to help trustees and caregivers follow the trust’s terms. Our goal is to create manageable, enforceable plans that honor your wishes and reduce administrative burdens for those who will carry out your instructions. Clients appreciate practical, straightforward explanations and individualized plans that address the realities of caring for companion animals.
We provide ongoing support when circumstances change, offering reviews and amendments as needed to reflect changes in your pet’s health, finances, or family situation. Updating documents ensures the trust remains current and effective. Whether you are starting from scratch or revising an existing plan, our process is designed to be collaborative and responsive. We help you foresee common issues and build remedies into the trust so that transitions are as seamless as possible for both pets and caregivers in Dunnigan and nearby communities.
Our process begins with a phone conversation to understand your goals, followed by a meeting to collect details about your pet, caregivers, finances, and related estate planning documents. We then draft a pet trust tailored to your needs, explaining funding options and reporting requirements. After reviewing the draft and making any adjustments, we finalize documents and advise on funding steps so the trust becomes effective when needed. The goal is to deliver a practical, enforceable plan that provides peace of mind for you and security for your animal companion.
During the initial stage, we collect information about your pet’s breed, age, medical history, daily routine, and current caregivers. We discuss your objectives for funding and caregiving, name preferred trustees and alternates, and review any existing estate planning documents. This conversation helps us identify legal and practical issues and estimate funding needs. The information gathered forms the basis for drafting tailored trust language that reflects your preferences and complies with California requirements.
We will explore the pet’s typical daily schedule, dietary needs, medical requirements, companionship preferences, and any behavioral considerations. Understanding these details allows us to include specific instructions so a caregiver knows what to expect and how to maintain the pet’s quality of life. Clear preferences regarding veterinary providers, medication protocols, and living conditions reduce ambiguity and help caregivers follow your intentions closely.
During this stage, clients select a primary caregiver, alternate caregivers, and a trustee to manage funds. We discuss the roles and responsibilities of each person named in the document and suggest language to clarify duties, reimbursement procedures, and reporting requirements. Choosing individuals with complementary skills—one focused on daily care and one focused on financial management—often creates an effective team to implement the trust.
With the collected information, we prepare tailored trust documents that specify the pet, name caregivers and trustees, outline funding mechanisms, and establish spending and oversight provisions. We also draft any necessary ancillary documents such as pour-over wills or funding instructions. After the first draft is prepared, we review it with you to confirm details, make adjustments, and ensure the wording accurately reflects your preferences and complies with state law. This collaborative review minimizes surprises and ensures clarity.
The drafting process focuses on clear, enforceable language for how funds are to be used, who may authorize medical treatment, and the reporting required from caregivers or trustees. Funding provisions specify whether distributions are periodic or made on a reimbursement basis and whether the trustee has authority to invest funds conservatively. Including concrete examples of permitted expenses and documentation requirements helps trustees and caregivers act with confidence and prevents disputes over appropriate use of trust resources.
After drafting the documents, we walk through each provision with you to confirm that terms reflect your wishes and practical realities. This review offers an opportunity to update naming conventions, strengthen contingency language, and simplify procedures for caregivers. We incorporate your feedback and prepare the final version for signing. This collaborative phase ensures the trust is personalized, legally adequate, and ready for execution and funding without leaving important issues unresolved.
Executing and funding the trust completes the planning process and ensures resources are available when needed. Execution typically involves signing the trust and any related documents, witnessing requirements, and notarization where applicable. Funding can include transferring cash or assets into the trust, designating accounts, or arranging for a pour-over will to move assets into the trust upon your death. We guide you through practical funding options so the trust becomes operable and ready to support your pet when required.
Signing the trust and obtaining required notarization or witness signatures ensures the document meets formal legal standards. We explain proper execution practices and help coordinate the signing to avoid errors. Having a clear record of the executed trust helps establish its validity and reduces potential challenges. Once signed, the trust is legally enforceable and may be presented to trustees and caregivers so everyone understands their roles and responsibilities moving forward.
After signing, it is important to fund the trust as planned by transferring assets or setting aside designated accounts. We provide guidance on practical steps to move funds or to structure a pour-over will that directs assets into the trust when appropriate. Periodic review of the trust ensures it continues to match your wishes as circumstances change, such as updates in the pet’s health, changes in caregivers, or shifts in financial resources. Regular updates maintain effectiveness and reduce future complications.
A pet trust is a legal arrangement that allocates funds and provides instructions for the care of an animal companion, naming a trustee to manage money and a caregiver to provide day-to-day care. Unlike a simple gift in a will, a trust can provide a dedicated source of funding and enforceable instructions that do not rely solely on the discretionary acts of heirs. Trusts typically include details about veterinary care, housing preferences, and reporting requirements, creating a clear framework for how the pet should be cared for over time. A will can express your wishes but may not provide timely access to funds because it often must go through probate before assets are distributed. A properly funded pet trust, by contrast, can allow a trustee to make distributions as needed for the pet’s care without waiting for probate, providing continuity and reducing delays that could affect the animal’s health or comfort. For these reasons, many pet owners choose a trust when they want stronger assurances that funds will be used as intended.
There is no one-size-fits-all amount for a pet trust; the appropriate sum depends on the pet’s expected lifespan, current and potential medical needs, grooming and food costs, and housing or boarding expenses. Begin by reviewing recent veterinary bills and estimating routine care costs, then factor in possible emergencies and inflation. Conservative estimates with a modest contingency reserve help avoid shortfalls and provide flexibility for changing needs over time. It can be helpful to discuss funding strategies with legal counsel who is familiar with local costs and common expenditures. Some owners choose periodic distributions to the caregiver for regular expenses, while others prefer reimbursement on presentation of receipts. The trustee can be authorized to invest funds conservatively to preserve capital while allowing for necessary distributions, balancing financial prudence with the pet’s ongoing needs.
Yes, it is common to name a family member as the caregiver and a different individual, such as a friend or professional, as the trustee responsible for managing funds. This arrangement allows the caregiver to focus on daily care while the trustee handles financial decisions, disbursements, and recordkeeping. Clear delineation of roles and written instructions help avoid confusion and ensure funds are used appropriately to support the caregiver’s efforts. When selecting people for these roles, discuss expectations and responsibilities in advance and name alternates if primary choices are unavailable. Including reporting requirements and documentation instructions in the trust reduces misunderstandings and creates a transparent process for how money is distributed and tracked to support the pet’s care.
A well-drafted pet trust anticipates the possibility that a named caregiver may be unable or unwilling to assume responsibility and names alternate caregivers. The trust can specify a hierarchy of individuals to contact, criteria for selecting a substitute caregiver, and procedures for transferring the pet. Naming alternates and providing clear instructions in advance minimizes disruption and helps ensure the pet transitions smoothly if a change becomes necessary. If no alternates are available, the trustee may be authorized to make reasonable arrangements for the pet’s placement, including contacting rescue organizations or other family members. Including contingency language regarding rehoming preferences and the distribution of any remaining funds provides guidance for these situations and reduces the burden of ad hoc decision-making at a stressful time.
Trust documents can include specific spending rules, require receipts for reimbursements, and direct the trustee to provide periodic accounting to a designated individual. These safeguards create transparent expectations about what qualifies as an allowable expense and how the caregiver should document spending. Clear language reduces ambiguity and provides a mechanism to address misuse of funds if questions arise. Selecting a trustee who is comfortable managing funds and requiring reporting or oversight provides additional protection. The trustee’s duty to account for distributions and follow the trust terms gives caregivers confidence that funds are available while also creating a check on potential misuse. Including remedial provisions or successor trustees helps maintain accountability long term.
A pet trust can cover multiple animals, and the document should include clear allocation methods for funds when several pets are involved. The trust can specify how resources are divided, whether funds are held as a single pool with proportional distributions, or whether separate sub-accounts are established for each animal. Clarity about priorities and allocation helps prevent disputes and ensures each animal receives appropriate support. When covering multiple pets, consider the likelihood of differing lifespans and health needs. Including guidance for what happens when one pet passes away, such as redistributing funds or directing leftover money to another named pet or charity, ensures the plan remains practical throughout changing circumstances. Explicit instructions simplify administration for the trustee and caregiver.
A properly funded pet trust can avoid delays associated with probate by providing a specified mechanism for distributing funds to the trustee without waiting for estate administration. If assets are already placed in a revocable living trust that includes a pet trust provision, the trustee can manage and distribute funds promptly. For assets left in a will, a pour-over provision that directs those assets into a trust can still require probate before funds are available, so funding strategy matters. To maximize the benefits of avoiding probate delays, owners should consider funding the trust during their lifetime or ensuring assets are titled to flow into the trust automatically. Coordinating the pet trust with a broader estate plan helps guarantee the necessary resources are accessible when the trustee or caregiver needs them.
Updating your pet trust periodically is important to reflect changes such as a pet’s aging, evolving medical needs, new caregivers, or changes in financial circumstances. Review the document whenever there is a major life event, like a move, a change in family composition, or a change in the named trustee or caregiver. An annual or biennial check-in is a practical habit to confirm the trust remains aligned with current realities and contact information. Keeping the trust current reduces the risk of outdated instructions that complicate administration. Simple amendments can update funding amounts, name new alternates, or modify medication and veterinary preferences. Regular reviews are particularly important if your pet develops chronic health issues or if the person serving as caregiver experiences health or availability changes.
Caregivers should maintain clear records of veterinary bills, receipts for food and supplies, boarding invoices, and any documentation of extraordinary expenses. These records support reimbursement requests and provide the trustee with transparent evidence of how funds were used. Consistent recordkeeping also helps the trustee prepare periodic reports if the trust requires accounting, and it reduces disputes about legitimate expenditures. Documentation should include dates, vendor names, and brief descriptions of services or goods purchased. Photographs or medical notes can be helpful for substantiating specific care needs. Encouraging caregivers to keep organized records from the start makes administration smoother and increases confidence that funds are being used appropriately to serve the pet’s welfare.
Yes, you may leave your pet to a rescue organization or animal charity and provide funds for ongoing care, provided the organization is willing to accept that responsibility. Some organizations have policies about accepting animals with dedicated funds, so it is wise to confirm acceptance in advance. Naming a reputable organization and setting clear conditions for the use of funds helps ensure the pet receives appropriate placement and care. If you choose this route, include fallback instructions in case the chosen organization cannot assume responsibility. The trust can direct the trustee to transfer the pet and remaining funds to an alternate organization or to a designated individual. Clear instructions and prior communication with the organization help make this option effective and dependable.
Criminal Defense
Homicide Defense
Manslaughter
Assault and Battery
Assault with a Deadly Weapon
Battery Causing Great Bodily Injury
Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence Protection Orders
Domestic Violence Restraining Order
Arson Defense
Weapons Charges
Illegal Firearm Possessions
Civil Harassment
Civil Harassment Restraining Orders
School Violence Restraining Orders
Violent Crimes Defense
Estate Planning Practice Areas